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BEIJING, Oct. 29 (Xinhua) -- Equality has become a catchphrase when Chinese lawmakers mull over two major moves in the history of China's legislative progress. Chinese rural and urban people are about to get equal representation in lawmaking bodies. It means farmers will have the same say in the country's decision-making process as urbanites. At the five-day legislative session beginning Tuesday, members of national legislature discussed to give rural and urban people equal representation in people's congresses. A draft amendment to the Electoral Law was tabled at the bimonthly meeting of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. It requires that both rural and urban areas adopt the same ratio of deputies to the people's congresses. The electoral system is the foot stone of democracy, and the principle of equality is a prerequisite to guarantee people's democratic rights. The Electoral Law was enacted in 1953 and completely revised in1979. It then underwent four minor amendments. Senior people are still nostalgic about the bean-counting way of electing their representatives in villages, which was the country's primitive mode of democracy after New China was founded in 1949. Candidates who stood for election as deputies to a people's congress were elected if they received more than half of the beans. Later voters began to use ballots. After the last amendment in 1995, the law stipulates that each rural deputy represents a population four times that in urban areas. That means in China, every 960,000 rural residents and every 240,000 urbanites are represented by one rural and urban NPC deputy respectively. Critics say this can be interpreted as "farmers only enjoy a quarter of the suffrage of their urban counterparts." During previous amendments in the 1980s, the difference was even as great as eight times. But Li Shishi, director of the Commission for Legislative Affairs of the NPC Standing Committee, said such a provision is "in accordance with the country's political system and social conditions of that time" and is "completely necessary" as the rural population is much more than that of cities and an equal ratio of rural and urban representation will mean an excessive number of rural deputies. Rural population made up almost 90 percent of the country's total in 1949. With the process of urbanization, the ratio of urban and rural residents was about 45.7 to 54.3 last year. Li said that with rapid urbanization and rural economic development, the time is right for equal representation, which is conducive to "mobilizing people's enthusiasm and creativity" and the development of democracy. Zhou Hanhua, a research fellow with the Law Institute under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the draft amendment is inline with social change, and "from the legal perspective it shows that all rights are equal under the law." Obviously, the change will be a significant political progress and it is in line with the constitutional spirit that "everyone in the nation is equal." It also reflects the transition of the country's urban and rural society. According to the law, the number of deputies to the NPC is limited within 3,000, and the distribution of NPC deputies is decided by the NPC Standing Committee, the top legislature. The draft amendment says the quotas of NPC deputies are distributed to 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions on the basis of their population, which ensures equal representation among regions and ethnic groups. Another big issue that lawmakers deliberate at the session this week is to grant "equal compensation" to the victims of traffic, mining and industrial accidents as well as medical negligence, among others, regardless of the victims' identity, status, income and regional disparity. The proposal is specified in the draft on tort liability, which is deliberated by members of the NPC Standing Committee for the third time. Farmer victims normally get much less compensation than their urban counterparts. And there are often disputes from "different prices paid to different lives." At the session, lawmakers consider to set the same compensation for all victims of an accident that results in many deaths. It will be a significant step if the draft law on tort liability is adopted by the legislature, as it ensures equal rights for each Chinese and shows respect for every human life.
BEIJING, Dec. 26 (Xinhua) -- China will make unswerving efforts and work jointly with the international community for the completion of the Bali Roadmap negotiations at the Mexico climate talks next year, a senior official said Saturday. Xie Zhenhua, vice minister of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), told Xinhua that China, as it has always done, would continue to play an active and constructive role on that front. Also head of the Chinese delegation to the Copenhagen climate conference, Xie said developed countries bound by the Kyoto Protocol should confirm their second-phase emission reduction targets as soon as possible. He said almost no progress was made on some key issues during the international climate change meeting in Copenhagen because developed countries were seeking to shift off obligations demanded by international climate agreements. "Developing countries have raised requests concerning slowing and adapting to climate change, as well as funding and technology assistance, but developed countries have given no clear response, resulting in almost stagnation on key issues in these talks," he said. It is also necessary to define the comparability of efforts in emission reduction between non-contracting developed countries and those who have endorsed the Protocol, said Xie. He said parties bound by the Protocol should fulfill their commitment to short-term financing and stick to their promises on long-term funding. Xie also urged developed nations to speed up technology transfer to developing countries. Prior to the climate meeting, the Chinese government announced to cut emissions intensity by 40 to 45 percent by 2020 from the 2005 level. During the talks in Copenhagen, China played an active role in seeking a viable solution to tackle global warming when diversity existed among countries, and it made great efforts to seek common ground while putting aside differences for further discussions, Xie said.

BEIJING, Dec. 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao urged maintaining steady and relatively fast economic development in a New Year address broadcast Thursday to domestic and overseas audience via state TV and radio stations. He said in 2009, in the face of global financial crisis, Chinese people of all ethnic groups united together and firmly adhered to maintaining steady and relatively fast economic development as the primary task in economic work. "People's life continued to improve and the society was kept harmonious and stable," said Hu in the address, titled "Jointly Create A Beautiful Future of World Peace and Development," broadcast by China Radio International, China Central Television, and China National Radio.. Hu said that the year 2010 is the last year of the country's 11th Five-Year Plan period and the country will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy. Chinese President Hu Jintao delivers a New Year address titled "Jointly Create a Better Future for World Peace and Development" which is broadcasted to domestic and overseas audiences via state TV and radio stations, in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 31, 2009 Hu added that the country will stick to the guidelines of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong", "Macao people governing Macao" and a high degree of autonomy to maintain long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao. He said the policy of "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems" will be adhered to and exchanges and cooperation across the Taiwan Strait will be enhanced to bring more benefits to people on both sides. "I'd like to solemnly reiterate that China will hold high the flag of peace, development and cooperation and firmly adhere to the foreign policy of maintaining world peace and promoting common development," Hu said. He said China will develop friendly cooperation with all other countries on the basis of the five principles of co-existence and continue to actively participate in international cooperation on issues such as coping with the international financial crisis and climate change. "We will work with people of all countries to jointly promote the construction of a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity," said Hu. He said at this moment, there are still people in the world who are suffering from war, poverty, disease and natural calamities. The Chinese people are deeply sympathetic and will continue to do all they can to help them. An article by Hu on Party building in a new situation will be published in Qiu Shi (Seeking Truth), an official magazine of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, on Jan. 1, 2010.
BEIJING, Dec. 26 (Xinhua) -- Top Chinese political advisor Jia Qinglin has called for adequate preparation for next year's annual session of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). A meeting of the CPPCC National Committee's chairperson and vice chairpersons decided Saturday to open the annual full session of the top political advisory body on March 3 next year. Jia, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee, said the session, together with the annual full meeting of the National People's Congress, is of great significance in deepening reform, tackling the global financial crisis, advancing social and economic development, and ensuring stability next year. Zhao Qizheng, chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the CPPCC National Committee, was appointed the spokesman for the annual session in March. Jia Qinglin (C), member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), presides over the 21st Chairpersons' Meeting of the 11th CPPCC National Committee in Beijing, capital of China, on Dec. 25, 2009
BEIJING, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- China hopes the upcoming China-EU summit will promote strategic mutual trust, said Vice Foreign Minister Zhang Zhijun on Tuesday. Zhang said, the summit to be held on Nov. 30 in the eastern Chinese city of Nanjing is the highest level of dialogue mechanism between the two sides, and it has a unique and leading role in the development of China-EU relations. At the invitation of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, European Commission President Jos Manuel Barroso, Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt, whose country currently holds the rotating EU presidency, and EU High Representative Javier Solana will attend the summit. Both sides will exchange views on bilateral relations, global financial crisis and climate change. Zhang said China hopes the summit will actively enhance strategic mutual trust and both sides will be more determined to support each other's choice of path of development. China also hopes the two sides will make a general blueprint for the dialogue and cooperation in various fields and show the world their cooperation on global issues including trade protectionism and climate change, Zhang added. China and EU have common or similar views on major international issues such as upholding multilateralism and promoting world peace and stability. They enjoy a sound basis of cooperation on promoting reform of international financial system and coping with climate change, Zhang said. According to the Foreign Ministry, Chinese and EU leaders will attend the signing ceremonies of a series of agreements on science and technology, economic and trade, environment protection and industry, and hold a press conference after the summit. The upcoming 12th China-EU summit is the second of its kind in 2009 as the first one was held in May, and it is also the third time for the leaders to meet in 2009 since Wen visited Europe at the beginning of this year.
来源:资阳报