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WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Kepler mission has confirmed its first planet in the "habitable zone," a region where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface, the U.S. space agency announced on Monday.The newly-confirmed planet, Kepler-22b, is the smallest yet found to orbit in the middle of the habitable zone of a star similar to Sun. The planet is about 2.4 times the radius of Earth. Scientists don't yet know if Kepler-22b has a predominantly rocky, gaseous or liquid composition, but its discovery is a step closer to finding Earth-like planets.Previous research hinted at the existence of near-Earth-size planets in habitable zones, but clear confirmation proved elusive. Two other small planets orbiting stars smaller and cooler than Sun recently were confirmed on the very edges of the habitable zone, with orbits more closely resembling those of Venus and Mars.Kepler-22's star is a bit smaller than our sun, so its habitable zone is slightly closer in. The diagram shows an artist's rendering of the planet comfortably orbiting within the habitable zone, similar to where Earth circles the sun. Kepler-22b has a yearly orbit of 289 days. The planet is the smallest known to orbit in the middle of the habitable zone of a sun-like star. It's about 2.4 times the size of Earth."This is a major milestone on the road to finding Earth's twin, " said Douglas Hudgins, Kepler program scientist at the NASA Headquarters in Washington. "Kepler's results continue to demonstrate the importance of NASA's science missions, which aim to answer some of the biggest questions about our place in the universe."Kepler discovers planets and planet candidates by measuring dips in the brightness of more than 150,000 stars to search for planets that cross in front, or "transit," the stars. Kepler requires at least three transits to verify a signal as a planet."Fortune smiled upon us with the detection of this planet," said William Borucki, Kepler principal investigator at the NASA Ames Research Center who led the team that discovered Kepler-22b. "The first transit was captured just three days after we declared the spacecraft operationally ready. We witnessed the defining third transit over the 2010 holiday season."The Kepler science team uses ground-based telescopes and the Spitzer Space Telescope to review observations on planet candidates the spacecraft finds. The star field that Kepler observes in the constellations Cygnus and Lyra can only be seen from ground-based observatories in spring through early fall. The data from these other observations help determine which candidates can be validated as planets.Kepler-22b is located 600 light years away. While the planet is larger than Earth, its orbit of 290 days around a Sun-like star resembles that of Earth. The planet's host star belongs to the same class as Sun, called G-type, although it is slightly smaller and cooler.Of the 54 habitable-zone planet candidates reported in February 2011, Kepler-22b is the first to be confirmed. This finding will be published in The Astrophysical Journal.

BEIJING, Sept. 30 (Xinhuanet) -- China's space dream took a step closer to reality as the Tiangong-1 module blasted off into the night sky on Thursday from the Gobi Desert.The Long March II-F T1 rocket, under the unmanned module, Tiangong-1, lifted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center at 9:16 pm as planned.Ten minutes later Tiangong-1 separated from the rocket on its way to orbit, 350 kilometers above Earth. The module deployed its two solar panels, which provide power, at 9:28 pm.At 9:39 pm, Chang Wanquan, chief commander of the manned space program, declared the launch a success as cheers and applause echoed around the command and control center in Beijing.President Hu Jintao and other members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee went to the center to witness the launch.Premier Wen Jiabao watched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center as the Long March rocket, carrying the space lab, blazed into the night sky.The launch paves the way for China's first rendezvous and docking mission. An unmanned Shenzhou VIII spaceship will be launched in November to dock with Tiangong-1.Two more missions are scheduled for next year and astronauts will board Tiangong-1, which can also function as a space lab.If the mission succeeds, China will become the third country to master spacecraft rendezvous and docking technology following the then Soviet Union and the United States, experts said.Wu Ping, the space program's spokeswoman, said that the ability to rendezvous and dock is vital for building a space station, which China has scheduled for around 2020."A space station cannot be launched in one shot. The modules must be launched separately and then assembled in space," she said.China has invested 35 billion yuan (.47 billion) in total on its manned space program since 1992, when it was approved, she told China Daily.The first phase, from 1992 to 2005, accounted for 20 billion yuan. During this period, China launched six Shenzhou spaceships to set up a system transporting astronauts between Earth and space.In the second phase, from 2005, 15 billion yuan has been spent on projects, including Shenzhou VII and the first rendezvous and docking mission, she explained.Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space program, said that the space lab and future space station provide a rare platform for conducting experiments that could lead to breakthroughs in the study of materials and biological pharmacy."Experiments made in the microgravity of space can lead to unexpected results," he said.For example, gas and liquid are unable to mix on Earth, but in space they mix naturally, he said."The primary purpose of China's manned space station is to peacefully explore space, and through it, serve mankind," he said.Some have questioned the participation of the military in the program. However, the military has experience in coordinating large-scale requirements that are vital for the program and their involvement reflects international norms, Ministry of National Defense spokesman Geng Yansheng said on Wednesday.He reiterated that China is firmly opposed to the weaponization of space and the program is peaceful.China is now in the second phase of its manned space program. The goal of the program, which has three steps, is to build a 60-ton space station around 2020.The second phase focuses on mastering four key technologies for assembling a space station.The first of these, extravehicular activity, was completed successfully in 2008 after Shenzhou VII was launched.Rendezvous and docking is what is being experimented with. The third technology involves cargo spaceships ferrying supplies to a space lab. The fourth tackles problems concerning the prolonged sustaining of life on a space lab, especially recycling air and water.Besides the manned space program, China launched two lunar orbiters in 2007 and 2010. It plans an unmanned lunar landing around 2013, and returning moon samples in 2017.

CAPE TOWN, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) -- The research vessel SA Agulhas has set off from Cape Town on a 10-day polar tour intended to promote dialogue on climate change, authorities confirmed on Sunday.The trip was designed to mark the 17th Climate Conference of the Parties (COP17) to be held in Durban later this month, according to the Department of Environmental Affairs.The voyage, which set off Saturday noon with scientists, academics, students and journalists aboard, would host exhibitions, symposiums and lectures from climate change scientists on the work of the polar research vessel, spokesman Zolile Nqayi said in a statement.The exhibitions and lectures would also highlight the various scientific activities undertaken by the department and its partners in Antarctica and the Southern Oceans, according to the South African Press Association (SAPA).Apart from her research and supply work, the Agulhus also helped to rescue the Magdalena Oldendorff, which became stuck in thick ice in June 2002.In December the SA Agulhas would make its final voyage to Antarctica before retirement.The Agulhas, which has been in service for 33 years, would be replaced by a new vessel under construction in Finland."She served us very well," said Dr Monde Mayekiso, deputy director general of oceans and coasts."The new vessel will have enhanced technologies and capabilities to further understand the ocean environment and to bring that understanding to an increasing number of South Africans, " he said.

MANILA, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- Philippine telecommunication companies cut off the signal of mobile phones in parts of Manila where millions of people are expected to converge for the feast of the Black Nazarene on Monday.Philippine Deputy Presidential Spokesperson Abigail Valte said that the move was part of the precautionary measures that the government has been undertaking following terror threats."Malacanang (Palace) confirms that the government asked the telcoms to temporarily disconnect their services in the route of the Black Nazarene procession as part of the security measures agreed upon during the meeting on Sunday," she said in a regular news briefing.She said that the disruption in mobile services would last for the entire duration of the procession of the Black Nazarene.She admitted that the signal of the cellular phones was disconnected in the past, and terrorists used the mobile phones as triggering device for bombs.Asked if the government considered the possible losses of telecommunication firms due to the disconnection of signals, Valte said, "as holders of a franchise, the public safety is paramount."President Benigno Aquino III personally warned on Sunday the public to be cautious in joining the feast of the Black Nazarene amid possible terrorist attacks. The government is expecting 9 million devotees to participate in the celebration.The Black Nazarene is the patron saint of Quiapo church. The statue was brought to Manila by a Spanish priest in 1607. It was aboard a ship that caught fire, the image was burned, and it came to be known as the "Black Nazarene" which people have since decided to preserve and honor.

BEIJING, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's quality watchdog said Friday that the latest checks by testing organizations did not find excessive levels of aflatoxin in milk products made by Chinese dairies.The special checks were launched after the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) reported on Dec. 23 that two batches of milk products made by two separate domestic dairies, including heavyweight Mengniu Dairy Group, were found to contain high levels of the cancer-causing toxin.A brief statement on the government agency's website Friday said the checks have covered major makers, including Mengniu, Yili Industrial Group, Bright Dairy, and Sanyuan Food.An AQSIQ official said earlier the toxin had originated from cows eating mildewed feed, citing reviews by experts. The toxin would disappear if the animals stop eating the rotten feed, the official said.Aflatoxin is produced by a fungus that commonly grows on crops such as grain and peanuts. High levels of the toxin may lead to cancer in some animals.

来源：资阳报