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BEIJING, Oct. 19 (Xinhua) -- The Communist Party of China (CPC) issued a policy document on Sunday urging the improved social welfare enjoyed by the country's 900 million rural population.     The Decision on Major Issues Concerning the Advancement of Rural Reform and Development was approved by the CPC Central Committee on Oct. 12 in a plenary session.     RURAL CULTURE AND EDUCATION     The document urged for further cultural development in the country's rural areas, quoting that "rural cultural development is of great importance to building a new socialist countryside."     It demanded TV, radio and movies be more accessible in the rural areas, and more community cultural centers to be set up in the villages along with countryside libraries.     Cultural products based on rural lives and activities, which the farmers are willing to participate and have easy access to should be encouraged, the document said.     It urged urban organizations to go to the countryside to spread scientific and literacy knowledge and offer medical services to farmers, and help them break away from superstitions and build a harmonious society that advocated gender equality and honesty. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions    The document also said efforts must be made to improve the education level in rural areas, especially for the left-behind children, those whose parents are both working in the cities, and children from economically-challenged families.     Professional trainings should be provided in townships to train farmers, while college students were encouraged to go the countryside to work.     Quality of teachers in the rural areas would be improved, along with their salaries and working conditions, the document said.     SOCIAL WELFARE AND RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE     In addition, efforts must be made to ensure all farmers can enjoy basic medicare service by sticking to the rural cooperative medical system, the document said.     It demanded every county and township should have its own medical institution, while villages in the rural areas were also encouraged to set up medical stations to provide "safe and inexpensive medical service" to farmers.     Endemic diseases, infectious diseases and disease that affects both human beings and livestock must be closely guarded against, with the focus on prevention of such illness.     The one-child policy must be adhered to in the countryside to retain a low birth rate in the rural areas, and to deal with a disproportional sex ratio, the document said.     It also demanded to accelerate the construction of a comprehensive social welfare system in the countryside.     A new old age insurance system in the rural areas should be established in the countryside with the premiums paid by the beneficiaries and the collective and government subsidies. Authorities should find ways to incorporate the system with the urban old-age insurance system, it said.     In addition, the livelihood of farmers whose land had been requisitioned must be guaranteed before the requisition procedure, the document said.     The rural minimum living allowance system must be perfected with larger subsidies from the central and provincial budget, to cover all applicable with improved benefits.     Living standards of those who receive five guarantees, namely food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses provided by local governments for their lack of relatives and working abilities, should be in accordance with the average living standards of the neighborhood, the document demanded.     It also urged to improve the relief system to help farmers affected by natural disasters and boost social welfare for the old, the handicapped, the poor and orphans.     Prevention of disability and rehabilitation for the disabled must also be strengthened in the countryside, the document said.     The document highlighted the importance of infrastructure construction in the rural areas.     The committee vowed to ensure villagers to have safe drinking water within five years and townships be connected by cement roads by the end of 2010.     Efforts should be made to develop renewable energy resources, including methane, wind and solar energy, it said, adding Internet service would be accessible for more farmers.     POVERTY REDUCTION AND DISASTER RELIEF     The committee pledged to provide more low-income farmers with financial aid and give more assistance to people in remote areas, revolutionary bases, ethnic minority regions and poverty-stricken places.     International cooperation should be enhanced to fight poverty in the countryside, it read.     To install an upgraded natural disaster forecasting system and raise farmers' awareness of emergency response and relief was also one of the document's high points.     The capacity of forecasting disastrous weather, ecological disasters and monitoring earthquakes should be strengthened and more needs to be done to promote farmers' disaster prevention and relief awareness, it said.     The paper also set the direction for public facility safety standards, saying schools and hospital buildings should all be safe and up to construction standards.     All-out efforts should be made to restore the agriculture work in the area struck by the May 12 Sichuan earthquake and more measures need to be adopted to heal and improve the ecological conditions in the quake-hit region, it noted.     HARMONIOUS SOCIETY IN THE COUNTRYSIDE     It also emphasized the importance of maintaining a "harmonious" and "stable" environment in the countryside.     More channels should be opened to solicit farmers' opinions and address their complaints and problems, said the paper, adding leaders should pay frequent visits to farmers and solve villagers' problems at the grassroot level.     The committee further underscored ethnic relations. The equal, united, mutually-aided and harmonious ethnic relations should be consolidated and developed, it said.     Interference with village affairs by any religious groups or clans would be objected; evil cults in villages were prohibited and any mafia-style force would incur severe crackdown, it said. Local farmers work in the fields in Wenxian County of Longnan City, northwest China's Gansu Province, on Oct. 19, 2008. Reconstruction on agriculture is accelerated in Longnan, the province's most suffered area in the May 12 earthquake that devastated China's southwest and northwest regions

BEIJING, Nov. 2 (Xinhua) -- China's gross domestic product (GDP) growth is expected to slow to 9.4 percent in 2008 from last year's 11.4 percent as the shrinking exports will cool the world's fourth largest economy, according to a Chinese credit rating agency report on Sunday.     The fundamentals of the economy are sound, but falling export orders would take a toll on the national economy in the short term, and domestic consumption needed time to play a bigger role, said the report released by the China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co. (CCXI), a joint venture of China's first rating agency China Chengxin Credit Management Co. Ltd. and U.S.-based Moody's Corporation.     The changing external economic environment and the burst of domestic asset bubbles would exacerbate the slowing economy, said the report.     The proactive fiscal policy was key to preventing the economy from falling and there was room for further cuts in bank reserve requirement ratios and interest rates.     It predicted the economy would gain 8.6 percent in 2009, but it gave no explanation of its forecast.     China's economy grew at 9 percent in the third quarter, the slowest in five years, as the global financial crisis sapped demand for Chinese goods, and domestic industrial production waned in response to weak demand and rising raw material costs.     The government has lowered interest rates three times in the last two months, increased export rebates and cut property transaction taxes to boost domestic consumption.     The report said the world financial crisis would have limited direct impact on the domestic banking system, but it warned Chinese exporters of default risks of foreign buyers.     Insurers and securities companies would be affected as the domestic capital market was growing more connected to the international market.     In September, the Manila-based Asian Development Bank, projected China's GDP growth to fall to 10 percent this year and further ease to 9.5 percent in 2009.     The slow-down was a result of the combined effects of a reduced trade surplus, slower growth in investment, and the global economic downturn, the Asian Development Outlook 2008 Update has said.

BEIJING, Nov. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's first non-governmental community foundation, the Arcadia Public Welfare Foundation, was launched at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Saturday.     The foundation was established with 100 million yuan (about 14.65 million U.S. dollars) donated by Shenzhen Airtown (Eastern) Industrial Co. Ltd. and Shenzhen Arcadia Real Estate Group.     "In the past, it was largely the government that took care of China's communities, but now social groups are playing a vigorous part," said Wang Jinhua, an official in charge of community construction of the Ministry of Civil Affairs.     Arcadia, a residential community built on landfill in Shenzhen, the city that was China's window of reform and opening-up, has received domestic and overseas habitat awards since 2005.     Li Aijun, board chairman of the Shenzhen Arcadia Real Estate Group, said the foundation planned to provide financial aid for community welfare projects, such as senior citizens' housing, schools, recreation facilities and environmental protection teams.     The first project will help a local hospital improve community health care and provide free exams.

Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) shakes hands with former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda ahead of the closing ceremony of "China-Japan Friendly Exchange Year of the Youth" in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 20, 2008.     BEIJING, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) --A total of 2,008 young people from China and Japan on Saturday concluded a year-long youth exchange program between the two countries.     Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and former Japanese Prime Minister Fukuda Yasuo joined the youth at the closing ceremony in Beijing University of Aeronautics and Aerospace.     In their half-hour meeting before the ceremony, Wen and Fukuda, who decided on this program during their talks in Singapore last year, hailed the exchange program "reached its expected aims."     The program coincided with the 30th anniversary of the signing of the China-Japan Peace and Friendship Treaty, which Wen said "made the exchange activities more significant."     Under the program, more than 12,000 youth from China or Japan paid visits to the other country since the program was launched in March in Beijing.     "Hopefully the young generation of the two countries will keep the old memories, cherish the current days and create a bright future," Wen said, calling for youth to carry forward China-Japan friendship.     Fukuda said Japan-China was founded on the deeper mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples.     "The exchange program is a great success and will help boost the youth interaction," Fukuda said.     As a finale of the program, a 1,000-member Japanese delegation were paying week-long visit to China. Among the delegations were Japanese youth from various walks of life, including parliamentarians, government officials, businessmen and journalists.

BEIJING, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese top legislator, Wu Bangguo, met here Wednesday with visiting speaker of the Slovak National Council, Pavol Paska, calling on the two sides to step up inter-parliamentary cooperation to further boost bilateral relations.     Wu, chairman of the Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, highlighted China-Slovakia relations, noting that the ties already entered into a phase of development.     Citing Slovakia as one of the fastest growing member states in the European Union (EU) and China as the biggest developing country in the world, Wu said that the two share a solid foundation for further cooperation. Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress(NPC), meets with Pavol Paska, the speaker of the National Council of the Slovak Republic, in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Nov. 19, 2008    He added, China is willing to explore new approaches to expand cooperation in an aim to optimize the two-way trade structure and increase mutual understanding between the two businesses.     "We should give full play to the two business communities and help them promote bilateral trade relations to a higher level," Wu said.     Paska said that Slovakia attaches great importance to its ties with China and hopes to learn China's successful ways of boosting national development. It also wants to forge cooperation with China in fields such as infrastructure.     He noted that Slovakia, as a new EU member state, is willing to play a role of bridging the EU-China strategic partnership for further development, reiterating that Slovak parliament and government will continue to cohere to the one-China policy.     The two sides also exchanged their views on inter-parliamentary cooperation, agreeing to push forward collaboration among parliamentary special groups and exchanges of the young parliament members in an effort to generate contribution to the new growth of the bilateral relations.     Paska arrived here Monday for a 5-day visit to China as Wu's guest.

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