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BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.

BEIJING, June 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Monday called on local governments and government agencies to improve production safety and crack down on illegal practices.     The number of accidents and casualties had fallen this year, Zhang said in a teleconference aimed to improve production safety.     However, some industries still had potential dangers, he said.     Zhang urged authorities to enhance work safety supervision and remove hidden dangers at work places to avoid accidents.     Any illegalities, especially in major industries such as coal mining, construction, and fireworks production, must be eliminated.

BEIJING, May 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo started a timer Friday for the year-long countdown to the Shanghai World Expo at Tian'anmen Square in the heart of Beijing.     Wu, chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, said at a ceremony that the government would spare no effort in preparation for the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, and the country looked forward to experiencing technological advances and sharing the achievements of human civilization with friends from across the world. Chinese top legislator Wu Bangguo (R) applauds after starting a year-long countdown timer installed at Tian'anmen Square in the heart of Beijing, capital of China, for the Shanghai World Expo to be held on May 1, 2010He said the World Expo had proved during its more than 150-yearhistory to play an important, unique role in promoting world economic and technological development.     The Expo could also help promote the development of civilizations and cultures, he said.     China's business hub, Shanghai, won a bid to host the 2010 World Expo in 2002. The Expo will be on stage from May 1 to Oct. 31 next year. Hong Kong and Hollywood film legend Jackie Chan, one of the promotion ambassadors for the Shanghai 2010 World Expo, performs during the ceremony to unveil the one-year countdown clock in Beijing's Tian'anmen Square, May 1, 2009.So far more than 230 countries, regions and international organizations have confirmed that they would participate in the Expo, which will use the theme of "Better City, Better Life".     The countdown timer was installed at the east side of the square, where a similar timer once counted down the days to the Beijing Olympic Games. After the Expo opens, the timer will display the daily number of visitors.     Wu said the Expo would help increase exchanges and cooperation between China and the rest of the world.  Photo taken on May 1, 2009 shows the year-long countdown timer installation ceremony at Tian'anmen Square in the heart of Beijing, capital of China, for the Shanghai World Expo to be held on May 1, 2010Based on the Expo's theme, the event would provide an opportunity for all participants to demonstrate methods of city planning and development and environmentally friendly lifestyles for sustainable development, he said.     The top legislator also said that a successful, splendid and memorable World Expo was a promise made by the Chinese government and people.     Shanghai's Communist Party chief, Yu Zhengsheng, who is also the vice-chairman of the Expo's organizing committee, said at the ceremony that the fair would be another international event in China after the Beijing Olympic Games, for which all preparations went smoothly.     The Expo would also be a safe and frugal event, Yu added.

GUANGZHOU, May 30 (Xinhua) -- South China's Guangdong Province reported one suspected A/H1N1 flu case late Saturday.     The case involved a 23-year-old Chinese Venezuelan. The female college student left Venezuela Tuesday and flied to Guangzhou, Guangdong's capital, Wednesday via Paris, and her relative drove her home in Foshan City, the provincial health department said.     She took a rest at home after showing flu symptoms Thursday and was sent to Foshan No.1 People's Hospital Friday.     Early Saturday, the woman was tested positive for A/H1N1 flu by the Foshan Center of Disease Control and Prevention. The Provincial Center of Disease Control and Prevention reexamined Saturday noon and the result was also positive. The case needs further testing.     China Saturday reported three new influenza A/H1N1 cases, bringing to 24 the total number of confirmed cases on the Chinese mainland.     The one in the southeastern province of Fujian involved a local who studied in Canada. The other two in Beijing involved a Chinese American and a Chinese student who studied in the United States.     All the cases but one on the mainland were found shortly after they came from countries hard hit by the A/H1N1 flu epidemic. Seven were in Beijing, four in Shanghai, six in Guangdong, three in Fujian, and one each in Sichuan, Shandong, Zhejiang and Hunan.     Eight cases have been discharged from hospital by Saturday afternoon, according to the Ministry of Health (MOH).     China raised vigilance against influenza A/H1N1 Friday after a patient in southern Guangdong Province was declared the first case of local transmission on the mainland. Medical experts are investigating into and analyzing the local transmission.     The patient, a 24-year-old woman living in Guangdong's capital city of Guangzhou, was believed to be infected by a man from New York on Monday. Guangdong provincial department of health confirmed both as A/H1N1 flu cases Friday noon.     Her flu symptoms have eased, Yin Zhibiao, deputy president of the Guangzhou No. 8 People's Hospital, said Saturday. But as the mainland's first case of local transmission, she would likely stay longer in hospital, Yin added.

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- China developed a new diagnostic reagent to test for A/H1N1 flu virus in pigs and the new method could provide test results in five hours, the Ministry of Agriculture said Sunday.     The ministry has organized experts soon after the outbreak of A/H1N1 to develop new diagnostic reagents to test for A/H1N1 virus. The method could also provide references for the virus in humans, the ministry said.     The ministry has urged local branches to strengthen efforts on the storage and management of emergency materials for the influenza A/H1N1 prevention and control.