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WASHINGTON, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- A novel study in twins found that exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) -- a hazardous organic contaminant found in soil, groundwater, and air -- is significantly associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Possibility of developing this neurodegenerative disease is also linked to perchloroethylene (PERC) and carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) exposure, according to the study appearing in Annals of Neurology on Monday.The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke estimates that as many as 500,000 Americans have PD and more than 50,000 new cases are diagnosed annually. While there is much debate regarding cause of PD, studies suggest that genetic and environmental factors likely trigger the disease. Several studies have reported that exposure to solvents may increase risk of PD, but research assessing specific agents is limited.The current epidemiological study, led by Samuel Goldman and Caroline Tanner with The Parkinson's Institute in Sunnyvale, California, investigated exposure to TCE, PERC and CCI4 and risk of developing PD. The team interviewed 99 twin pairs in which one twin had PD and one didn't, inquiring about lifetime occupations and hobbies. Lifetime exposures to six specific solvents previously linked to PD in medical literature -- n-hexane, xylene, toluene, CCI4, TCE and PERC -- were inferred for each job or hobby.The findings are the first to report a significant association between TCE exposure and PD -- a more than six-fold increased risk. Researchers also found that exposure to PERC and CCI4 tended toward significant risk of developing the disease. "Our study confirms that common environmental contaminants may increase the risk of developing PD, which has considerable public health implications," commented Goldman in a statement.TCE, PERC and CCI4 have been used extensively worldwide, with TCE noted as a common agent in dry-cleaning solutions, adhesives, paints, and carpet cleaners. Despite the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banning the use of TCE as a general anesthetic, skin disinfectant, and coffee decaffeinating agent in 1977, it is still widely used today as a degreasing agent. In the U.S., millions of pounds of TCE are still released into the environment each year and it is the most common organic contaminant found in ground water, detected in up to 30 percent of drinking water supplies in the country.In a release issued on Sept. 28, 2011, the Environmental Protection Agency announced that TCE is carcinogenic to humans.
BEIJING, Nov. 10 (Xinhuanet) -- Awareness in three vegetative patients were detected in a portable electrode test, a new study shows. If replicated, the method may change standards in treating such patients.The new study, published online in the journal The Lancet Wednesday, was reported to be the first to detect signs of awareness in patients living in the unresponsive state through more accessible electroencephalogram (EEG) machine.The EEG is a portable and more affordable technique than Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner, but it is as effective as the MRI to diagnose patients in the vegetative state, according to the research team led by Damian Cruse and Adrian M. Owen of the University of Western Ontario.In the research test, the team hooked 16 previously determined to be vegetative patients to EEG machines and gave simple instructions to them like moving their fingers and toes.The machines show that the patterns in the premotor cortex, the area of the brain that plans and prepares movements, in three of 16 patients were exactly the same as those of healthy volunteers.While the patients were able to follow simple instructions, they were not able to make their own decisions about their state, the researchers said.

BEIJING, Nov. 4 (Xinhuanet) -- The amount of trans fat and other nutritional information will be marked on the labels of prepackaged food, according to the country's first national standard for food nutrition. The labeling will take effect on Jan 1, 2013. "It will help standardize the nutrition facts labeling by food producers and facilitate consumers' rights to know and choose, while improving public awareness of food nutrition," said Yang Yuexin, a senior nutritionist with the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The new regulation by the Ministry of Health stipulates that food labels have to include the food's nutrition information, including levels of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium. Food products without proper labels showing the nutritional information will be banned when the new rule takes effect. The new regulation also stipulates that if any hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated fat is used to produce the food, the level of trans fat will have to be highlighted on the nutrition information label. Trans fat is usually produced during food processing when liquid oils are converted into semi-solid fats that help keep food fresh longer. However, the partially hydrogenated oil contains trans fat that can substantially increase the risk of heart disease. However, Zhang Jian, a researcher with CDC's National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, said that compared to Western diets, the Chinese diet contains a far lower level of trans fat and there is no need to over react.
BEIJING, Jan. 1 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao and his South Korean counterpart Lee Myung-bak exchanged new year greetings Sunday and announced the start of the "China-South Korea Friendly Exchange Year".In his message, Hu spoke positively of the relations between the two countries. Seizing the opportunity of the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the China-South Korea diplomatic relations, China is willing to work together with South Korea, by launching various exchange programs, to further promote mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples, deepen communication and cooperation in all sectors, and push for constant progress of the bilateral relationship, Hu said.For his part, Lee said on the basis of the accomplishments achieved over the two decades of the bilateral diplomatic ties, South Korea looks forward to joining hands with China to build a better future for the bilateral relationship.
BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Secretary of Treasury Timothy Geithner will visit China from Jan. 10 to 11 as a special representative of the U.S. President Barack Obama, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei announced on Thursday.Timothy Geithner's visit is at the invitation of Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan, said Hong.Chinese top leaders will meet with Timothy Geithner and exchange views with him on issues concerning Sino-US economical relations and the world's economic and financial situations, Hong said.
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