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Neanderthals may not have been that different from us, after all.New evidence reveals that they created the world's oldest known cave paintings and even wore seashells as body ornaments. Both behaviors suggest that they thought symbolically and had an artistic sensibility like modern humans. Two studies published Thursday in the journal Science detail the latest findings."Undoubtedly it is showing that Neanderthals were thinking and behaving just like modern humans," Alistair Pike, co-author of the studies and professor of archaeological sciences at the University of Southampton, wrote in an email."We should no longer think of them as a different species, just humans in different places," he said.The new findings of symbolic thinking show that Neanderthals and modern humans were cognitively indistinguishable, the researchers said.Cave paintings and artifacts like painted seashells have long been regarded as the work of early modern humans, who were thought to have more advanced cognitive abilities than Neanderthals. Dating cave paintings can be a difficult process, and unreliable techniques never allowed for the possibility that these could be the work of Neanderthals.Until now, that is. A new technique called Uranium-Thorium dating is less destructive, is more accurate and can go back further in time than other methods. U-Th dating looks at the deposits of carbonate on top of the paint, which contain traces of uranium and thorium that indicate when those deposits formed. That allows the researchers to determine an age for what's under the deposits.The researchers applied this technique to paintings in the La Pasiega, Maltravieso and Ardales caves in Spain, which had never received "robust" dating. The paintings include red and black images of animals, dots, lines, disks and other geometric signs. There also are engravings, hand prints and hand stencils.Those hand stencils are particularly significant, and not just because they represent the hand size of a Neanderthal."A red line, a red dot or even a positive hand print could potentially be made 'accidentally,' " wrote Dirk Hoffmann, lead author of the studies and archaeologist with the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, in an email."Of course, I am sure that this is not the case, since you would still need to bring [in] light and pigment, but one could argue that all you need is some pigment on your hand when you lean against a wall. A hand stencil cannot be explained like that. You have to hold your hand against the wall and the deliberately spray pigment over this. This is why we emphasize the hand stencil."The dating revealed that the cave art was created more than 64,000 years ago -- 20,000 years before modern humans appeared in what is now considered Europe.The shells were found in the Cueva de los Aviones, a sea cave in southeastern Spain. They are unique because they are perforated with holes and colored with red and yellow pigment. Others served as containers for the mineral pigments themselves. The pigments were used on the shells but could have also been used for the cave paintings and even as body paint.The deposit layer containing the shells dated to 115,000 years ago, which is even older than other shells recovered in Africa that were dated to modern humans."The standard archaeological interpretation of such finds is that they are body ornaments," Hoffmann said. "Similar finds were made in Africa or the Levant with similar age. In Africa or the Levant, these were made by modern humans, in Spain Neanderthals made them. So in terms of symbolism, early modern humans and Neanderthals were similar."The researchers are absolutely confident in their dating technique."We have spent 10 years refining the technique and have numerous quality controls," Pike said. "The dates respect the growth axis of the deposits we are dating, the oldest closest to the painting, the youngest at the surface."Once modern humans left Africa and migrated to Europe and other areas, mixing with the Neanderthals would've been inevitable. The researchers believe that the Neanderthals created this artwork on their own, without being influenced by any other population. But it's possible that they exchanged symbolism or that Neanderthals influenced the art and symbolism of modern humans. Modern humans were capable of symbolic behavior, so it "turns the who's copying who debate on its head," Pike said."The idea that culture only evolved with modern humans no longer makes sense," Pike said. Hoffmann suggested that Neanderthals now be referred to as "very close cousins" of modern humans.Is it possible that anyone else may have created the cave paintings?Pike said it is incredibly doubtful that a population of early modern humans migrated to Europe so early without any other evidence to suggest it."We cannot of course rule out that pre-Neanderthal populations made the art," Pike said. "This sounds like a project for the future."Hoffmann, Pike and their colleagues want to use their new dating technique in more caves in Spain, as well as France and Italy -- and anywhere else Neanderthals are known to lived.The findings also raise new questions for researchers."How far back does symbolic behavior go? Can it be traced to the last common ancestor of modern humans and Neanderthals? This is perhaps where we should be looking," Pike said. 5398

MILWAUKEE, Wis. -- With two weeks left until Election Day, Sen. Kamala Harris held a virtual rally in Milwaukee on Tuesday.The "Get Out the Early Vote" rally marked the first day of in-person voting in the swing state of Wisconsin, as well as Harris' birthday, according to the Biden-Harris campaign.Sen. Tammy Baldwin, Rep. Gwen Moore, Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett, Milwaukee County Executive David Crowley and other Milwaukee leaders also attended the virtual event.Watch the rally below:Click here to learn more about the event.Ivanka Trump also visited Milwaukee for an in-person campaign event on Tuesday.This story was originally published by Jackson Danbeck at WTMJ. 680

MIRAMAR, Calif. (KGTV) - The F-35C landed in Miramar Tuesday, the first of it's kind for the Department of Defense, according to officials at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar.UPDATE: Officials later clarified the F-35C arriving at Miramar was the first for the Marine Corps.There are three versions of the F-35 Lightning II. The F-35C is the "carrier version", the largest of it's kind and able to land on an aircraft carrier's runway.The fighter jet is the most advanced in the military, "everything you look at is displayed in the helmet, I mean it's like in the movies," Squadron Commander Lt. Col. Cedar Hinton, USMC said.Hinton is the newest commander of the Black Knight Squadron at MCAS Miramar, who will inherit the incoming F-35Cs."This is an exciting time in the Black Knight history. This squadron was stood up in WWII like a lot of squadrons, this particular squadron's able to break a lot of milestones." He mentioned milestones that started in the 1950's with the F-9F Panther. That was the "Navy’s first successful carrier-based jet fighter" and landed with the Black Knights at Miramar. Then in the 1960's the squadron was the first in the Marine Corps to fly the F-4B Phantom.In the 1980's they were the first to fly the F/A-18.The F-35 got it's first test in combat in 2018, deploying to Afghanistan, and then in Iraq a year later."They've had some pretty good success with it, I mean it does what we paid for it to do," Lt. Col. Hinton said.It's record isn't pristine. The jet faced scrutiny when it suffered mechanical failures during development. In 2018, an F-35 crashed in South Carolina."I mean single engine airplane, but this engine is by far probably the most advance engine ever built... That engine is more reliable than two engines on an F-18 I'd say," Lt. Col. Hinton said.Miramar has been waiting for this moment since they retired the F/A-18 Hornet last June.Miramar will get another F-35C next week, and a third in March. The plan states the air station will get 75 jets over the next 10 years."We've got to start working the systems, we have to start integrating it with our software," Hinton said there's a lot of work to do to get the squadron up and running. He said they are working with a Naval squadron based in Lemoore. 2269

National Ice Cream Day is Sunday, and there are a lot of places around the country to visit to celebrate your favorite frozen treat.Take a look below to see where you can find free ice cream (note, deals are available at participating locations while supplies last):Alden’s: Print off a free coupon and head to your local store to redeem.Amy’s Ice Creams: If you live in Austin - you're in luck! Amy's is offering free delivery on orders over . If you don't live in Texas, Amy's will ship to you for free if you spend over 0. Baskin-Robbins: Through the entire month of July, if you order or more through DoorDash, you'll receive a FREE regular scoop of ice cream. Brusters: Sign-up for their loyalty program and you'll receive off your order. Coconut Bliss: Order online between July 17-19 using the discount code BLISSDAY15 and get 15% off your order. Cold Stone Creamery: If you join the Cold Stone Club, you'll earn yourself a BOGO Free Creation. Coolhaus Awesome Ice Cream: On Sunday, they will be giving away 20,000 one-free-item coupons, redeemable at all Publix Grocery Stores. Creamistry: Subscribe to their mailing list and you’ll receive 10% off your next order.Cumberland Farms: Text the word SCOOPS to 64827 to receive a off any pint of Ultimate Scoops Ice Cream.Dairy Queen: On Sunday, get a off any size Dipped Cone (excluding kid cones).Dippin’ Dots: Head over to Dippin Dots' Facebook or Instagram page to enter for a chance to win a year’s supply of Dippin’ Dots. The winner will be announced on Sunday.Friendly’s: Join the Friendly’s BFF Club and get 25% off your next visit. If you already are a BFF member you can get a regularly priced ice cream cone for just $.0.85, all weekend long.GODIVA: Soft serve and sundaes will be Buy One-Get One 50% off on Sunday. MaggieMoo’s: Get a free kid-sized ice cream cup or cone when you buy a regular cup or cone Sunday through ThursdayMarble Slab Creamery: Receive a free kid-sized ice cream cup or cone when you buy a regular cup or cone Sunday through Thursday.Ripple: If you buy a 4-pack or 6-pack of Ripple Frozen Dessert you'll get the second 50% off!Sonic: Order an Oreo Blast through their app and pay half price. Steak ’n Shake: Receive a free shake if you download the Steak ’n Shake App and become a member of their loyalty program.Stewart’s Shops: On Sunday, you can come in and make your own sundae for .99.Sub Zero Nitrogen Ice Cream: To commemorate its 15th anniversary, Sub Zero is giving away a free scoop of vanilla ice cream from 2-4 p.m. on Saturday. 2564

Most new moms can relate; after being stuck inside with a newborn for several weeks, getting outside for fresh air and a different view is important.Mei Xiang at the Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington, D.C. took her newborn panda cub outside the den recently and into the main enclosure.It was a short field trip for the pandas, with Mei Xiang gently nudging her cub along the floor and keeping them out of the smaller den space.These field trips will get longer and more frequent as the cub gains more strength.At eight-weeks-old, the cub is practicing crawling and is not expected to take steps until closer to three-months-old.Zookeepers say the cub is packing on the pounds and has grown a coat of thick, wooly fur, able to help it regulate its body temperature. This means the cub can sleep on the floor of the den next to its mom. 848