梅州治疗急慢性尿道炎(梅州妇科医院 医保) (今日更新中)

BEIJING, Nov. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- A majority of the emergency hospitalizations for bad events related to medication use in old U.S. adults stem from four common medications, according to a new study in the New England Journal of Medicine Monday.The study was conducted by researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of U.S.There are nearly 100,000 emergency hospitalizations for adverse drug events in older Americans, says researcher Daniel S. Budnitz, MD, MPH, director of the CDC's Medication Safety Program.And the four types of medication -- two for diabetes and two blood-thinning agents -- account for two-thirds of those drug-related emergency hospitalizations. They most often cited: warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven); insulin; antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and clopidogrel (Plavix); oral hypoglycemic agents."Both blood thinners and diabetes medicines are critical drugs that can be lifesaving," Budnitz says.However, he says that ''these are medications that you do need to pay attention to," being sure the dose and timing are correct, among other measures.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have corrected sickle cell disease in adult laboratory mice that had been bred to have the inherited blood disorder by activating production of a special blood component, according to a study published online Thursday in the journal Science.Sickle cell disease results from an abnormality in hemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. People living with sickle cell disease have two copies of an altered gene that produces sickle hemoglobin instead of normal adult hemoglobin. Sickle hemoglobin changes shape after releasing its oxygen, causing the red blood cell to become stiff, misshapen and sticky, and slowing blood flow to tissues. This process damages organs and causes pain.The study tested a new approach to increasing the production of a third form of hemoglobin -- fetal hemoglobin. Production of fetal hemoglobin predominates before birth, but turns off thereafter as adult hemoglobin production takes over. People with sickle cell disease are unable to make normal adult hemoglobin, and instead make sickle hemoglobin starting in infancy.An elevated level of fetal hemoglobin within the red blood cell reduces the tendency of sickle hemoglobin to change the shape of red blood cells. Considerable research has shown that the drug hydroxyurea increases production of fetal hemoglobin and reduces the number of pain crises and other complications of sickle cell disease in adults and children. However, not all patients respond well to hydroxyurea, and adverse side effects are a concern.The current study explores a more targeted approach to increasing fetal hemoglobin production. It builds upon earlier studies that discovered a protein called BCL11A normally suppresses the production of fetal hemoglobin soon after birth. The researchers viewed the BCL11A protein as a target for therapy and decided to see what would happen if they blocked production of the protein.The paper details how the research team silenced the mouse gene that produces the BCL11A protein in mice with sickle cell disease. Silencing the gene turned off production of the BCL11A protein and allowed the adult mice to continue to produce fetal hemoglobin. It appears to have eliminated disease symptoms without affecting other aspects of blood production."This discovery provides an important new target for future therapies in people with sickle cell disease," said Susan Shurin, acting director of the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which co-funded the study. "More work is needed before it will be possible to test such therapies in people, but this study demonstrates that the approach works in principle."Approximately 100,000 Americans live with sickle cell disease. It is most prevalent in people of African, Hispanic, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent. There is no widely available cure for sickle cell disease. Bone marrow transplants have cured some patients, but the treatment is not without risk and most patients do not have relatives who can donate compatible and healthy bone marrow to them.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- Data from NASA's Galileo spacecraft have provided scientists evidence of what appears to be a body of liquid water, equal in volume to the North American Great Lakes, beneath the icy surface of Jupiter's moon, Europa, the U.S. space agency announced Wednesday.The data suggest there is significant exchange between Europa's icy shell and the ocean beneath. This information could bolster arguments that Europa's global subsurface ocean represents a potential habitat for life elsewhere in our solar system. The findings will be published Thursday in the scientific journal Nature.Europa, which is slightly smaller than Earth's moon, is believed to have a large ocean of salty water deep beneath its frozen crust. Galileo spacecraft, launched by the space shuttle Atlantis in 1989, studied Jupiter, which is the most massive planet in the solar system, and some of its many moons.Pictures of it sent back by Galileo point to a tortured surface of cracks and jumbled ice. Seeking to understand how such weird topography evolved in a place with such dim sunlight, scientists believe that the answer lies in similar processes on Earth.Their model suggests that Europa's ice shell is about 10 kilometers thick and within it are giant pockets of water, lying at depths as shallow as three kilometers. Warm water from these sub-surface lakes wells up in plumes, causing the ice to become brittle, crack and then collapse. The ice turnover would be a plus for the prospects for life, as it would transfer energy and nutrients between the sub-glacial lake and the surface."One opinion in the scientific community has been if the ice shell is thick, that's bad for biology. That might mean the surface isn't communicating with the underlying ocean," said Britney Schmidt, lead author of the paper and postdoctoral fellow at the Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin. " Now, we see evidence that it's a thick ice shell that can mix vigorously and new evidence for giant shallow lakes. That could make Europa and its ocean more habitable.""The data opens up some compelling possibilities," said Mary Voytek, director of NASA's Astrobiology Program. "However, scientists worldwide will want to take a close look at this analysis and review the data before we can fully appreciate the implication of these results."

WASHINGTON, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have found a way to block, in an animal model, the damaging inflammation that contributes to many disease conditions. In their report receiving early online publication Sunday in Nature Biotechnology, researchers describe using small interfering RNA technology to silence the biochemical signals that attract a particular group of inflammatory cells to areas of tissue damage."The white blood cells known as monocytes play a critical role in the early stages of the immune response," says Matthias Nahrendorf, of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Center for Systems Biology, the paper's senior author. "We now know there are two subsets of monocytes -- an inflammatory subset that defends against pathogens and a reparative subset that supports healing. But if the inflammatory response is excessive, it can block the healing process and exacerbate conditions such as heart disease and cancer."Cells damaged by injury or disease release a cocktail of chemicals called cytokines that attract immune cells to the site of the damage. Inflammatory monocytes are guided to sites of tissue injury by a receptor protein called CCR2, and the MGH-led team devised a strategy targeting that molecule to block the inflammatory process but not the action of the reparative monocytes.Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology prevents production of specific proteins by binding to associated messenger RNA molecules and preventing their translation. However, the technique requires extreme precision in developing the right siRNA molecule and delivering it to the correct cellular location.To make sure that their siRNA preparation targeted the right monocytes, researchers first confirmed that its use reduced levels of CCR2 in monocytes and increased levels of the fragments produced when siRNA binds to its target. They then showed that monocytes from mice treated with the siRNA preparation were unable to migrate towards CCR2's usual molecular target. Experiments in animal models of several important diseases showed that the siRNA preparation reduced the amount of cardiac muscle damaged by a heart attack, reduced the size and the number of inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaques and in lymphomas, and improved the survival of transplanted pancreatic islets."These inflammatory monocytes are involved in almost every major disease," Nahrendorf explains. "Anti-inflammatory drugs currently on the market hit every inflammatory cell in the body, which can produce unwanted side effects. This new siRNA treatment doesn't affect inflammatory cells that don't rely on the CCR2 receptor. That makes a big difference."

WINDHOEK, Nov. 29 (Xinhua) -- An agreement on Economic and Technical Co-operation was signed here on Tuesday between the Chinese and Namibian governments.The agreement was signed after Namibian Cabinet ministers and officials from various ministries held talks with Chinese State Councilor Liu Yandong, who arrived in Namibia on Tuesday for a three-day official visit.Minister of Presidential Affairs Albert Kawana, who is the Acting Director-General (DG) of the National Planning Commission (NPC), and Ambassador of China to Namibia Wei Ruixing signed the agreement.The two also exchanged letters on the provision of office supplies and solar energy equipment to the Namibian government by the Chinese government.During their talks, Liu highly spoke of the steady, healthy development of the relations between the two countries.She said the substantial cooperation have been obtained on agriculture, mining and human resources. Great achievements have been made in exchanges of culture and education.The state councilor also said China would like to work together with all African countries including Namibia to promote the development of people-to-people exchanges.Namibia's Deputy Prime Minister Marco Hausiku proposed future cooperation with China in visual and performing arts.He said the Directorate of Arts in the Ministry of Youth, National Service, Sports and Culture is keen to develop future relationships that will lead to bilateral exchanges in arts education, assistance in the development of small arts businesses, the promotion of arts through the exchange of information on arts and participation in events in the respective countries."This can be achieved through the development of ties between the relevant institutions responsible for these areas, such as the line ministries responsible for arts, arts education colleges, performance theaters, art galleries and organizers of events such as festivals and expos," he noted.He also encouraged exchanges between musicians in the sphere of composition, conducting, and instrumental playing in both folklore and symphonic genres, and therefore invited China in the development of Namibia's National Symphony Orchestra.Hausiku also proposed for scholarships in information and communication technology (ICT), particularly policy development and regulatory framework, and linkages with Chinese ICT institutions for exchange purposes.

来源：资阳报