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Scans of the lungs of the sickest COVID-19 patients show distinctive patterns of infection, but so far those clues offer little help in predicting which patients will pull through. For now, doctors are relying on what’s called supportive care that’s standard for severe pneumonia.Doctors in areas still bracing for an onslaught of sick patients are scouring medical reports and hosting webinars with Chinese doctors to get the best advice on what works and what hasn’t.One thing that’s clear around the globe: Age makes a huge difference in survival. And one reason is that seniors’ lungs don’t have as much of what geriatrics expert Dr. Richard Baron calls reserve capacity.“At age 18, you have a lot of extra lung capacity you don’t use unless you’re running a marathon,” explained Baron, who heads the American Board of Internal Medicine. That capacity gradually declines with age even in otherwise healthy people, so “if you’re an old person, even a mild form can overwhelm your lungs if you don’t have enough reserve.”Here’s what scientists can say so far about treating those who become severely ill.HOW DOES COVID-19 HARM THE LUNGS?The new coronavirus, like most respiratory viruses, is spread by droplets from someone’s cough or sneeze. The vast majority of patients recover, most after experiencing mild or moderate symptoms such as fever and cough. But sometimes the virus makes its way deep into the lungs to cause pneumonia.Lungs contain grapelike clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. When you breathe, oxygen fills the sacs and passes straight into blood vessels that nestle alongside them. Pneumonia occurs when an infection -- of any sort, not just this new virus -- inflames the lungs’ sacs. In severe cases they fill with fluid, dead cells and other debris so oxygen can’t get through.If other countries have the same experience as China, about 5% of COVID-19 patients could become sick enough to require intensive careHOW DOES THAT DAMAGE APPEAR?Doctors at New York’s Mount Sinai Health System analyzed 121 chest CT scans shared by colleagues in China and spotted something unusual.Healthy lungs look mostly black on medical scans because they’re full of air. An early infection with bacterial pneumonia tends to show up as a white blotch in one section of one lung. Pneumonia caused by a virus can show up as hazy patches that go by a weird name -- “ground glass opacities.”In people who get COVID-19 pneumonia, that haze tends to cluster on the outside edge of both lungs, by the ribs, a distinctive pattern, said Dr. Adam Bernheim, a radiologist at Mount Sinai.As infection worsens, the haze forms rounder clusters and gradually turns more white as the air sacs become increasingly clogged.HOW TO TREAT THE PNEUMONIA?There are no drugs so far that directly attack the new coronavirus, although doctors are trying some experimentally, including an old malaria treatment and one under development to treat Ebola.“The best treatment we have is supportive care,” said Dr. Aimee Moulin, an emergency care physician at the University of California Davis Medical Center.That centers around assistance in breathing when the oxygen levels in patients’ blood starts to drop. For some people, oxygen delivered through a mask or tubes in the nose is enough. More severely ill patients will need a breathing machine.“The goal is to keep the person alive until the disease takes its course” and the lungs begin to heal, explained Mount Sinai’s Dr. Neil Schachter.The very worst cases develop an inflammatory condition called ARDS -- acute respiratory distress syndrome — that floods the lungs with fluid. That’s when the immune system’s attempt to fight infection “is going crazy and itself attacking the lung,” Baron explained.Many things besides the coronavirus can cause the condition, and regardless of the cause, it comes with a high risk of death.WHAT ELSE IS IMPACTED?Severe pneumonia of any sort can cause shock and other organ damage. But in a webinar last week, Chinese doctors told members of the American College of Cardiology to watch for some additional problems in severe COVID-19, especially in people with heart disease. The worst off may need blood thinners as their blood starts to abnormally clot, and the heart itself may sustain damage not just from lack of oxygen but from the inflammation engulfing the body.Another caution: The sickest patients can deteriorate rapidly, something a hospital in Kirkland, Washington, witnessed.Of 21 patients who needed critical care at Evergreen Hospital, 17 were moved into the ICU without 24 hours of hospital admission, doctors reported last week in the 4639

PUEBLO, Colo. — Several members of the Lord's Vineyard Fellowship Church in Pueblo, Colorado, met at the church Monday afternoon to offer their condolences and honor the life of their late pastor. 208

Regular maintenance is key in keeping your car healthy for a long time. Car owners often get their car prepared for the winter, but auto mechanics say summer is an important time to have maintenance done to your vehicle. Brad Deen, with Import Mechanics in Denver, says there are a few tips you can do to keep your car running in the high heat, and for years to come. “Most important thing getting into the summer months is the cooling system,” he says. “That’s about the biggest thing you’re going to see when it comes to leading to a breakdown.”Deen says start with making sure the fluid levels in your vehicle are correct, like the coolant and oil. We all know a proper oil change is important, but in the summer months, your oil can thin out quickly. That can lead to serious engine problem.“Next, belts and hoses,” he says. “What you are looking for are cracks in belts, cracks in hoses, as well as swelling in the hoses.”Belts and hoses are essential to keeping the cooling and air conditioning system functioning.There’s a misconception that winter is the only season that can destroy a car’s battery due to temps.“The high temperatures in the summer can actually lead to the acid in the battery to evaporate faster,” Deen explains. “Then, all of a sudden, you can find yourself with a battery that is not charged.”Also, the heat from the asphalt can deflate your tires. “Tires are a safety issue any season,” he says. “Making sure the pressure is correct is paramount.”Lastly, getting a full-service maintenance on your vehicle every 12,000 miles is also a great idea. 1588

Several popular breakfast foods, including Cheerios and Nature Valley products, continue to test positive for trace amounts of a controversial herbicide that may increase the risk of cancer, according to a 218

Samantha Josephson decided to call an Uber around 2 a.m. Friday after being separated from her roommates during a night out in Columbia, South Carolina, police said Saturday.The 21-year-old University of South Carolina senior hopped into a black Chevy Impala, thinking it was her ride, Columbia Police Chief W.H. "Skip" Holbrook said during a news conference.About 14 hours later, turkey hunters found her body in a field 90 miles from Columbia, he said."What we know now is that she had, in fact, summoned an Uber ride and was waiting for that Uber ride to come," Holbrook said, citing surveillance footage. "We believe that she simply mistakenly got into this particular car thinking it was an Uber ride."Nathaniel David Rowland, 24, has been arrested on charges of murder and kidnapping in connection with Josephson's death, Holbrook said. He is being held in jail in Columbia. CNN has not determined if he has a lawyer yet.Holbrook said he spoke with Josephson's family prior to the press conference."Our hearts are broken, they're broken. There is nothing tougher than to stand before a family and explain how a loved one was murdered," he said. "It was gut wrenching, words really can't describe what they're going through."Chief says student's blood found in suspect's carHolbrook described how the case came together quickly.Josephson's roommates began to worry when they hadn't heard from her later Friday morning. Holbrook said, and they called the police around 1:30 p.m. Friday.While Columbia police were starting their investigation, turkey hunters found a body around 4 p.m. Friday about 40 feet off a dirt road in a wooded area in Clarendon County, southeast of Columbia, Holbrook said. It was identified as Josephson's.Police searched for the car Josephson had gotten into and around 3 a.m. Saturday a Columbia officer saw the Impala and stopped the vehicle, Holbrook said. When the officer asked the driver to get out the car, he ran but was quickly captured, the chief said.Investigators searched the Impala.Blood found in the car's passenger side and trunk was matched to Josephson's, the chief said, and her cell phone was found in the passenger compartment. Investigators also found a container of liquid bleach, germicidal wipes and window cleaner in the vehicle, he said.Holbrook also said the child safety locks in the Impala were activated, which would make it difficult for anyone to open the back doors from the inside.Police haven't said how Josephson died and have not provided much information about Rowland, except to say he used to live in Clarendon County and knew the area where the body was found."Our investigators and agents have a lot more work to do," Holbrook said.CNN reached out to Uber Saturday, but the company declined to comment. 2790