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The demand for mail-in ballots is surging. Election workers need training. And polling booths might have to be outfitted with protective shields during the COVID-19 pandemic.As officials prepare for the Nov. 3 election, one certainty is clear: It’s coming with a big price tag.“Election officials don’t have nearly the resources to make the preparations and changes they need to make to run an election in a pandemic,” said Wendy Weiser, head of the democracy program at the Brennan Center for Justice. “We are seeing this all over the place.”The pandemic has sent state and local officials scrambling to prepare for an election like few others, an extraordinary endeavor during a presidential contest, as virus cases continue to rise across much of the U.S.COVID-related worries are bringing demands for steps to make sure elections that are just four months away are safe. But long-promised federal aid to help cash-starved states cope is stalled on Capitol Hill.The money would help pay for transforming the age-old voting process into a pandemic-ready system. Central to that is the costs for printing mail-in ballots and postage. There are also costs to ensure in-person voting is safe with personal protective equipment, or PPE, for poll workers, who tend to be older and more at risk of getting sick from the virus, and training for new workers. Pricey machines are needed to quickly count the vote.Complicating matters is President Donald Trump’s aversion to mail-in balloting. With worrisome regularity, he derides the process as rigged, even though there’s no evidence of fraud and his own reelection team is adapting to the new reality of widespread mail-in voting.“As cases of coronavirus in this country rise, it’s vital that all voters be able to cast their ballots from home, to cast their ballots by mail,” said Sen. Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn.A huge COVID response bill passed by the House in May contains a whopping .6 billion to help states with their elections, but the Senate won’t turn to the measure until late July. Republicans fought a 0 million installment of election aid this March before agreeing to it.But key Senate Republicans seem likely to support more election funding, despite Trump’s opposition, and are even offering to lower a requirement that states put up “matching” funds to qualify for the federal cash.“I’m prepared not only to look at more money for the states to use as they see fit for elections this year, but also to even consider whatever kind of matching requirement we have,” said Roy Blunt, R-Mo., chairman of the Senate panel with responsibility for the issue. “We can continue to work toward an election that produces a result that people have confidence in and done in a way that everybody that wants to vote, gets to vote.”The pandemic erupted this spring in the middle of state primaries, forcing many officials to delay their elections by days, weeks and even months. They had to deal with a wave of poll worker cancellations, polling place changes and an explosion of absentee ballots.Voting rights groups are particularly concerned with the consolidations of polling places that contributed to long lines in Milwaukee, Atlanta and Las Vegas. They fear a repeat in November.As negotiations on the next COVID relief bill begin on Capitol Hill, the final figure for elections is sure to end up much less than the .6 billion envisioned by the House. That figure followed the recommendations of the Brennan Center to prepare for an influx of absentee ballots while providing more early voting options and protecting neighborhood polling places.Even before the pandemic, election offices typically work under tight budgets. Iowa Secretary of State Paul D. Pate, who serves as president of the National Association of Secretaries of State, said the group has been calling on the federal government to provide a steady source of funds, particularly to help address ongoing costs of protecting the nation’s election systems from cyberthreats.For Georgia’s primary last month, election officials spent .1 million of the roughly .9 million the state has received in federal funds. The money was used to send absentee ballot applications to 6.9 million active registered voters and print absentee ballots for county election offices. Some of it also was used to purchase PPE and secure drop-off boxes for counties.Meanwhile, the state elections division has seen a ,000 reduction for the current budget year as Georgia — like the rest of the nation — deals with a decline in revenues due to the pandemic.The state’s remaining federal funds will be used to help cover the costs of developing an online system for voters to request absentee ballots, a less expensive option than sending ballot applications to every voter, and exploring whether installing plexiglass dividers around voting machines could allow more voters in a polling place at one time.In Colorado, which is already a universal vote-by-mail state, the Denver election office has had to reduce its budget by 7.5%, which amounts to nearly 0,000. Jocelyn Bucaro, Denver’s elections director, said the federal funds sent earlier this year helped with purchasing PPE and other pandemic-related supplies.Iowa similarly spent its federal dollars on mail-in ballots and pandemic supplies, Pate said.Vote-by-mail veterans and vendors of the equipment, software, ballots and envelopes that will be needed in November say the window to buy them is quickly closing.“Right now, what I’m seeing in most places is just this kind of indecision. What are we supposed to be planning? Vote by mail or in-person or combination?” said Jeff Ellington, president of Runbeck Election Services, which prints ballots and the special envelopes used to mail them and also supplies high-volume envelope sorters.“Decisions just need to be made so people can start to put a plan into place,” he said.BlueCrest, a Pitney Bowes spinoff, sells high-volume sorting machines that handle up to 50,000 ballot envelopes per hour. That’s the kind of crunch big counties can expect to face on Nov. 3 in states including Wisconsin and Pennsylvania, where Rick Becerra, a vice president at the company, said he’s been talking to officials. The machines average 5,000 each.“I tell them the time is now,” he said.___Cassidy reported from Atlanta. Associated Press writer Frank Bajak in Boston contributed to this report. 6414

The concept of universal basic income is getting new attention amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It’s the idea of giving out recurring payments to everyone without any strings attached.Stockton, California, has been testing this with 125 people, giving them 0 per month. They've been getting that money for more than a year and it was supposed to stop this summer, but the mayor extended the money until January because of the pandemic.More mayors are getting on board with the idea. Fifteen joined the organization Mayors for a Guaranteed Income. They're looking into launching pilot programs in their cities.We spoke with an economics professor who says the pandemic stimulus payments can be seen as a form of universal basic income.“Seeing that I think it must make the idea more real and at the same time it's pretty clear at this very moment why you might find this idea appealing,” said Ioana Marinescu, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania. “That's because, again, a lot of people have lost income. There's a clear need for income security.”In the case of the stimulus checks, it's not people's fault they lost their income.With universal basic income, critics say people may not be deserving of the money. Marinescu believes the stimulus may be helping change the perception. She points to money people receive in Alaska from oil revenue. She says people aren't any less likely to work.In Stockton, they've found people are using the money for necessities like groceries and utility bills.How universal basic income, or UBI, gets funded is a big question.“One interesting thing that has happened with the stimulus checks is the idea that people had of saying it's going to be based right now on your past income and we'll potentially tax it away later after we're out of this hole,” said Marinescu. “So to me, that's a potentially important lesson for a potential UBI.”The president of the nonpartisan Center on Budget and Policy Priorities wrote that paying for universal basic income from new taxes isn't the way to go. He says we already need a lot of money to keep social security and Medicare going.Stockton's mayor says money from the pentagon budget or tax money from the legalization of marijuana could work. He's paying for his city's current pilot program with a grant and a private donation.Other cities looking to start pilots are considering forming public-private partnerships or working to find room in the city budget. 2467

The Geminid meteor shower peaks this week, so hope for clear skies that will let you see a beautiful show of green fireballs on Thursday and Friday. This will be the last -- and strongest -- meteor shower of the year, according to NASA.This phenomenon was first recorded in 1862 and causes a show each December.In the hours before sunrise Friday, the most meteors will be visible in the North American sky, peaking about 7:30 a.m. ET, predicts Sky & Telescope. To see when they will peak in your part of the world, check here.But the morning isn't your only chance. On Thursday and Friday, keep an eye on the sky a few hours after sunset -- just keep the moon at your back.Although the Geminid shower is known for its "shooting stars," the number of meteors visible depends on the time and how dark it is. There will be fewer of them earlier in the evening, but the shower should hit a maximum of about 100 per hour around 2 a.m., NASA said. For those in the suburbs, expect about 30 to 40 per hour. And if you're in a city like New York, San Francisco or Atlanta, you probably won't see anything.Early evening meteors may be longer, with dramatic streaks that last several seconds. Later on, the meteors will present quicker streaks or leave trails of smoke that appear to glow.The asteroid 3200 Phaethon is responsible for this meteor shower, which is unusual because comets usually create meteor showers with icy debris. Scientists have debated the very nature of what Phaethon is. The closely tracked near-Earth asteroid has been likened to comets, so it's been called a "rock comet."Phaethon was discovered in October 1983 and named after the Greek myth about the son of Helios, the sun god, because it closely approaches our sun.Phaethon orbits the sun closer than any other asteroid and takes 1.4 years to orbit it. The asteroid heats to about 1,300 degrees Fahrenheit on closest approach to the sun, which causes it to shed dusty debris.These particles cause the meteor shower when they plunge into Earth's atmosphere at 22 miles per second, vaporizing in the streaks we call "shooting stars."If you live in an urban area, you may want to drive to a place that isn't littered with city lights that will obstruct your view. If you're able to find an area unaffected by light pollution, meteors could be visible every couple of minutes from 10 p.m. until dawn.Find an open area with a wide view of the sky, and don't forget to bundle up. Make sure you have a chair or blanket so you can look straight up. And give your eyes about 20 to 30 minutes to adjust to the darkness -- without looking at your phone -- so meteors are easier to spot.While you're keeping an eye out for the meteor shower, you might see a small, foggy green patch in the sky, NASA said. That will be Comet 46P/Wirtanen, which is making its closest approach to Earth -- within 7 million miles -- for the next 20 years. And it will be visible to the naked eye. The comet is expected to come closest to Earth and peak Sunday. 3007

The erratic stock market just made a serious comeback.Fears about slowing earnings growth sent the Dow careening 549 points lower on Tuesday before the index raced back to life.By the closing bell, the Dow was only down 126 points, or 0.5%.Similarly, the Nasdaq closed down 0.4%, erasing the vast majority of a 2.6% plunge. The index also climbed out of a technical correction, a 10% decline from prior highs.The S&P 500 suffered its fifth straight loss. But the broad index finished just modestly lower after touching its weakest point in nearly four months.Market veterans saw little reason for the dramatic recovery -- other than the fact that stocks had gotten to oversold levels."It was an impressive day. We reversed on very little news," said Art Hogan, chief market strategist at B. Riley FBR.Hogan pointed to how the rebound was led by two of the most beaten-down corners of the market: homebuilders and chip makers.Stocks sold off early on Tuesday after major US companies reported gloomy results and guidance. Disappointing numbers from Caterpillar and 3M reinforced ongoing concerns about how long blockbuster profits can last, especially given tariffs and rising costs."Investors are skittish about whether we've seen a peak in earnings," said Mark Luschini, chief market strategist at Janney Capital Management. "It's a schizophrenic market environment where things that didn't matter suddenly do."It's been a scary month for investors. The Dow and Nasdaq are on track for their worst months since January 2016."The market is fragile," said Rich Guerrini, CEO of PNC Investments. "But we're telling our investors to relax. We're in a correction. I think the market does have some legs left."The CNN Business Fear & Greed Index slipped further into "extreme fear." A month ago the gauge of market sentiment was flashing "extreme greed."Wall Street was also spooked by extreme turbulence in China, the epicenter of the trade war. The Shanghai Composite dropped 2.3% overnight. The sell-off wiped out a chunk of Monday's spike, the benchmark index's best day since March 2016. 2114

The Christian evangelist who attempted to convert one of the world's last remaining isolated tribes wrote of his convictions in pursuing the mission even in the face of open hostility and attempts on his life, according to diary entries and notes.In excerpts from his journal, John Allen Chau, the American who is believed to have been killed by members of the isolationist Sentinelese tribe on a tiny, remote island in the Bay of Bengal, wrote of returning to the island to continue his attempts at conversion even after a tribesman shot at him with a bow and arrow, piercing a Bible he was carrying."I hollered, 'My name is John, I love you and Jesus loves you,'" he wrote in his diary, pages of which were shared by his mother with the Washington Post. Shortly after, a young member of the tribe shot at him, according to his account.In pages left with the fishermen who facilitated his trip to the island, his musings are a clear indication of his desire to convert the tribe."Lord, is this island Satan's last stronghold where none have heard or even had the chance to hear your name?" he wrote.His notes indicate that he knew the trip was illegal, describing how the small fishing vessel transported him to the isolated island under cover of darkness, evading patrols."God Himself was hiding us from the Coast Guard and many patrols," he wrote.All seven locals who facilitated the trip have been arrested. 1419

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