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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Independent reviews by the FDA show the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna have similar levels of safety and efficacy, although there are early indications of potential differences.Both vaccines rely on the same basic approach: jumpstarting the immune system with messenger RNA. The FDA confirmed their overall efficacy is essentially identical; 95 percent for Pfizer and 94.1 percent for Moderna.However, signals in the data suggest Moderna’s vaccine may better protect against severe cases of COVID-19, while Pfizer’s vaccine may work better in adults over 65. But experts warned those differences may just be statistical illusions.In Moderna’s study of 30,000 volunteers, 30 people got severe cases of COVID-19. All 30 of those cases were in the placebo group, suggesting the vaccine offers powerful protection against the most serious symptoms.In Pfizer’s trial of 44,000 volunteers, one vaccinated person got a severe case compared to 10 people in the placebo group.“We still need more data,” said Dr. Abisola Olulade of Sharp Rees-Stealy. “It's not a reason to recommend one versus the other.”In adults over 65, the efficacy of Moderna’s vaccine dipped slightly to 86.4 percent. Pfizer’s vaccine was 92.9 percent effective in people aged 65 to 74 and 100 percent effective in individuals 75 and up.“When I think people in the community look at that number, they might say, ‘Oh, that Moderna vaccine probably isn't as good for the older population compared to the Pfizer vaccine.’ But as a clinician looking at numbers, they're both amazing,” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.FDA scientists found both vaccines are safe but short-term side effects are common, especially with Moderna’s drug. Both vaccines are administered in two doses. The table below lists the percentage of vaccinated volunteers who reported a side effect after either dose, although side effects were most common after the second injection.Side effect Moderna PfizerFatigue 68.5% 62.9%Headache 63.0% 55.1%Muscle pain59.6%38.3%Joint pain44.8%23.6%Chills43.4%31.9%Fever14.8%14.2%Typically the symptoms went away in one day.“Just because a vaccine has side effects doesn’t mean it’s not safe,” said Dr. Olulade. “We know that side effects happen actually because your immune system is working and waking up. It's actually a positive thing.”The slight difference in side effects could be because of differences in the way researchers polled volunteers, or it could be something with the architecture of the vaccines, experts said.The companies use different tiny bubbles of fat to enclose the messenger RNA. Moderna’s bubble is a little stronger and more stable so it doesn’t need to be stored at sub-arctic temperatures.“It could be that [Moderna’s] elicits a little more inflammation than the other,” Dr. Chin-Hong said.Having slightly more side effects could be a sign that Moderna’s vaccine prompts a stronger immune response that might lead to longer-lasting immunity, but the durability of either vaccine remains one of the most pressing unanswered questions.The biggest difference may be where the vaccines are deployed. Since Pfizer's vaccine needs to be stored at such cold temperatures, experts said Moderna's vaccine may be prioritized for rural hospitals and community health centers that lack ultra-cold storage units. 3370

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It’s an online service that brings groceries right to your doorstep, but some who work for Instacart told Team 10 they are being treated unfairly.Instacart entered the San Diego market in 2016. It basically works like Uber, where people can sign up to be “shoppers” and fill orders for a fee.Jacquelyn Westby signed up for Instacart to make extra cash.“We shop for groceries and then deliver using our own vehicles, our own gas,” Westby said. She recently graduated from grad school and is looking for a job in the field of occupational therapy. Instacart helped keep her afloat as she dealt with growing bills.“This job was the difference between homeless and not. Being able to eat and not,” Westby said.Westby said Instacart changed its pay structure over the past couple months. A company spokesperson said changes were meant to improve the shopper experience, adding things like “pay per mile” and estimated earnings. Westby, however, said the new pay formula has made things worse.“Before I could easily work a four hour shift in the morning or the afternoon and make 0 [to] 0 and be done with my day,” Westby said. “Now, I’m working 12 hours a day and sometimes I’ll make upwards of . Sometimes, it’s .”She said tip is now factored into total earnings from Instacart. Westby also said while heavy pay is added for heavier items, it is not consistent.“I think it’s about the bottom dollar. What’s happening is not fair,” Westby said.In a statement to Team 10, an Instacart spokesperson wrote in part: 1545

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Kidney dialysis affects thousands of people a day. Proposition 23 attempts to regulate some aspects of treatment. If passed, it would require a physician, nurse practitioner on-site during dialysis treatment.There are several ads on television, urging Californians to vote against the measure.Dialysis has been a part of DeWayne Cox’s life for years. “I was diagnosed 12 years ago with kidney failure and I began dialysis 10 years ago,” he said.Cox said he goes to a dialysis center three days a week. He calls Proposition 23 “unnecessary.”“I am taken care of from the moment I walk in the door to the moment I take my walkout,” Cox said. “It makes me angry that these propositions keep being placed on public voting for people who have no idea what dialysis is.”One No on 23 ad shows a dialysis patient saying “I could die if Prop. 23 passes because if my clinic closes, I don’t know where I’ll go for treatment.”According to the Legislative Analyst’s Office some clinics could close. “Given the higher costs due to the measure, some governing entities, particularly those with fewer clinics, may decide to close some clinics,” the report said.It also said clinics could respond in other ways, like continuing current operations but with lower profits.About 600 licensed clinics in California provide dialysis to roughly 80,000 patients each month, according to the LAO. If passed, the measure would also require the centers to regularly report dialysis-related infection information to the state.The No campaign has major committee funding from DaVita and Fresenius—two of the biggest kidney dialysis companies—as well as U.S. Renal Care.Californians have seen kidney dialysis propositions before. Proposition 8 in 2018 attempted to limit dialysis clinics’ revenues. The measure failed.The Legislative Analyst’s Office said the measure could increase health care costs for state and local governments by the low tens of millions of dollars a year. Under the measure, the LAO said state Medi-Cal costs, and state and local employee and retiree health insurance costs could increase due to governing entities negotiating higher payment rates and patients requiring treatment in more costly settings like hospitals. 2243

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In need of a summer job? Why not spend your days at Del Mar?The San Diego County Fair is hiring for seasonal positions helping in a variety of ways at the fairgrounds, from exhibit workers and parking attendants to more specialized positions like EMTs, electricians, and mechanics.One perk to working at the fair: Free admission during your time there, according to the fair.MORE SD FAIR INFO: What to know |Admission discounts | Parking and transportation | Rides and games | Fair foods | Concert headlinersAs of May 15, the fair has 315 positions that are still open.For jobs with vendors working at the fairgrounds this summer, openings will be posted on May 15 and then again on May 29.To check out what summer jobs are currently open, visit the fairground's website here. 803

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It's no secret: exploring San Diego is a bit different amid county health orders and the COVID-19 pandemic. But there are still ways to explore safely! We're continuing our weekly look at fun around town with safety in mind.Here are four options for this weekend:Visit Old Town San Diego: While many of Old Town's smaller museums and shops remain closed, areas like the state park, Bazaar del Mundo, and nearby eateries are open for visitors. Businesses that have reopened are abiding by distancing, so guests can feel safe shopping in stores. The state park is also a great area to get some fresh air and distance. More infoCounty fair fun: The San Diego County Fair may be canceled this year, but the Del Mar Fairgrounds is continuing to highlight fair exhibits, foods, and more online and at the fairgrounds. Fair food vendors welcome guests Friday - Sunday throughout June for kettle corn, hot dogs, and more treats and the fair is hosting virtual exhibits showcasing student artwork, photography, and livestock shows. More infoHit the beach: San Diego County's beaches are open for laying out and relaxing, and parking lots, boardwalks, and piers have reopened. With warm temperatures lingering this week, it's the perfect time for a beach day. Just remember to wear a facial covering and practice distancing when near non-household members. More infoCheck out the San Diego Air and Space Museum: Balboa Park's first museum to reopen will be on Friday, as the San Diego Air and Space Museum welcomes guests with increased safety measures like stylus pens for hands-on exhibits, sanitation procedures, and distancing between guests. More info 1673

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