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BRUSSELS, April 29 (Xinhua) -- As a 2004 European Union (EU) directive on herbal medicine is to be fully implemented on May 1, herbal medicinal products without a license will no longer be allowed in the EU market, the European Commission said in a press release Friday.The Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products Directive, adopted by the EU member states in 2004, introduced a so-called simplified registration procedure with a seven-year transition period for traditional herbal medicinal products to obtain a medicine license.As the transition period is to expire on Saturday, herbal medicinal products from home and abroad, most of which have been sold as food supplements for decades, need to be medically registered or authorized by EU governments in order to remain in the market after May 1.Instead of going through safety tests and clinical trials as regular chemical drugs, applicants are required by the directive to provide documents showing the herbal medicinal product is not harmful in the specified condition of use, as well as evidence that the product at least has a 30-year history of safe use, including 15 years in the EU.However, a wide range of eligibility and technical challenges along with prohibitive costs have so far prevented both local and outside herbal medicinal products from being granted the license.Only a small proportion of indigenous herbal medicinal products have been approved for registration while not a single Chinese or Indian traditional herbal medicinal products have been licensed.Lack of pan-European rules, EU member states had adopted different approaches to herbal medicine, thus creating a "state of anarchy" in the markets despite the fact that indigenous herbs had a 700-year history of use in Europe.Although the directive was intended to harmonize rules of member states and build a level-playing field across the EU, critics argued that the directive may fall short of the aim and create more chaos and uncertainties for the industry.DRAWBACKSThe directive has been under attack for being neither "adequate " nor "appropriate" due to its high registration cost for a single product and its lack of consideration about the Chinese and Indian traditional herbal medicine.Chris Dhaenens, a licensed herbalist in Belgium and a shareholder of a medium-sized herbal importing company doing business with China and ten European countries, said the directive was only appropriate for companies carrying a few products and who could afford the registration costs."It is simply inaccessible to most players distributing high- quality Chinese or Indian herbal products in Europe," he said, adding that the registration fee for a single product could be as high as 150,000 euros.The Alliance for Natural Health, a British-based group representing herbal practitioners, estimated the cost of obtaining a license at between 80,000 and 120,000 pounds (90,000 to 135,000 U.S. dollars) per herb.Dhaenens, who is also the president of the European Benefyt Foundation, a leading traditional medicine group in Europe, argued that the directive only tried to regulate herbal products instead of its practitioners and the whole herbal system, as well as fell short to take the Chinese and Indian traditional medicine into full consideration.Even the European Commission had admitted that the directive was not fit for the registration of Chinese and Indian medicine in an earlier exchange with the European Medicine Agency in Dec. 2008, Dhaenens revealed in an exclusive interview with Xinhua."But they had no money or time to work out an alternative, and so it was left to the member states," he said.

BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu on Friday urged local governments to step up efforts in protecting agricultural production as winter wheat growing regions in the north of the country have been suffering due to the prolonged drought.Hui warned that the drought could cause great harm to agricultural production.Rainfall in north China, including provinces of Shanxi, Hebei and Shandong, has decreased 20 to 90 percent from the average rain in the same period since October last year.Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu (C) speaks at a meeting on anti-drought and disaster reduction, in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 21, 2011. Hui Liangyu on Friday urged local governments to step up efforts in protecting agricultural production as winter wheat growing regions in the north of the country have been suffering due to the prolonged drought.Hui urged local departments to improve meteorological monitoring and analysis of the drought, and provide training and services to farmers in order to reduce losses brought about by scarce rain.He also called on local governments to step up construction of more water conservancy projects to better cope with dry weather.Meanwhile, the drought in the north is compared with the intensive icy rain and snow in south and southwest China. A lingering cold spell has been wrecking havoc in these regions, disrupting vegetable production, transportation, and supplies of daily necessities.Hui said the central government would also beef up support in helping these affected regions resume agricultural production as soon as possible.

DAVOS, Switzerland, Jan. 28 (Xinhua) -- China and Switzerland formally launched bilateral talks on a free trade agreement Friday.Speaking at the opening ceremony, Chinese Commerce Minister Cheng Deming said the agreement talks between China and Switzerland have attracted huge attention and interest from the countries' leadership and business communities.Cheng expected a successful conclusion of the FTA negotiations. Cheng said a free trade agreement would enhance mutual trust between the two sides and promote economic development and closer ties between China and Switzerland.Swiss Federal Councilor Johann Schneider-Ammann expressed similar aspirations for the agreement as did his Chinese counterpart."The free trade agreement would further enhance trade and investment relations on a mutually beneficial basis, but also create many new opportunities for close exchange and cooperation," Schneider-Ammann said.China and Switzerland have seen fast-growing bilateral trade and investments for decade. In the past 10 years, China's exports to Switzerland have grown by 18 percent while Switzerland registered an even stronger 25 percent surge in exports to China.Currently, China is the largest trading partner of Switzerland in Asia, while Switzerland ranks ninth among China's trading partners in Europe.The Chinese commerce minister is leading a delegation at Davos to attend the World Economic Forum, which started Wednesday.

BEIJING, April 12 (Xinhuanet) -- The elderly have a difficult time with multi-tasking as a study suggests that older brains behave differently when it comes to switching between two tasks, according to media reports on Tuesday.Researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) to analyze brain activity in 20 people over age 60 by asking them to contemplate outdoor photos shown briefly. Then the elderly were presented with the picture of a face and asked to determine its gender and age, before being asked to recall details from the original scene they viewed.Researchers then compared their results to a similar experiment with 20 younger adults and found the brains of older subjects were less capable of disengaging from the interruption and reestablishing the neural connections necessary to switch back to focusing on the original memory."Unlike younger individuals, older adults failed to both disengage from the interruption and re-establish functional connections associated with the disrupted memory network," write Wesley C. Clapp of the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.The study, published in the online edition of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, sheds new lights into a growing body of studies showing that one's ability to move from one task to another in quick succession becomes more difficult with age.

WASHINGTON, April 19 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on Tuesday set April 29 as the launch date for Endeavour's final voyage.The date was announced Tuesday at the conclusion of a flight readiness review at Kennedy Space Center. During the meeting, senior NASA and contractor managers assessed the risks associated with the mission and determined the shuttle and station's equipment, support systems and personnel are ready.Liftoff time is 3:47 p.m. EDT (1947 GMT). It will be the 134th shuttle mission overall, the 25th for Endeavour and the 36th shuttle mission to the International Space Station.Endeavour will deliver to the station a 2-billion-dollar, multinational particle detector known as the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.Space shuttle Endeavour sits on launch pad 39A with the crew aboard minutes before mission managers scrubbed the launch again at Cape Canaveral, Florida, July 13, 2009.The spectrometer, also designated AMS-02, is a particle physics experiment module that is to be mounted on the station. It is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments will help researchers study the formation of the Universe and search for evidence of dark matter and antimatter.Endeavour's two-week mission was led by Commander Mark Kelly. Other crew include Pilot Greg Johnson, NASA Mission Specialists Michael Fincke, Andrew Feustel and Greg Chamitoff and European Space Agency Mission Specialist Roberto Vittori. Astronauts are planning to step out on four spacewalks to do maintenance work and install new components.NASA's 30-year-old shuttle program is ending this year due to high operating costs. The Obama administration wants to spur private companies to get into the space taxi business, freeing NASA to focus on deep space exploration and new technology development.Shuttle Atlantis is set for its final journey into space at the end of June. Its return to earth will mark the official end of the U.S. space shuttle program. After that, the Russian space program' s Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the station.

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