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New research suggests that antibodies the immune system makes to fight the new coronavirus may only last a few months in people with mild illness, but that doesn’t mean protection also is gone or that it won’t be possible to develop an effective vaccine.“Infection with this coronavirus does not necessarily generate lifetime immunity,” but antibodies are only part of the story, said Dr. Buddy Creech, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University. He had no role in the work, published Tuesday in the New England Journal of Medicine.The immune system remembers how to make fresh antibodies if needed and other parts of it also can mount an attack, he said.Antibodies are proteins that white blood cells called B cells make to bind to the virus and help eliminate it. The earliest ones are fairly crude but as infection goes on, the immune system becomes trained to focus its attack and to make more precise antibodies.Dr. Otto Yang and others at the University of California, Los Angeles, measured these more precise antibodies in 30 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and four housemates presumed to have the disease. Their average age was 43 and most had mild symptoms.Researchers found that the antibodies had a half-life of 73 days, which means that half of them would be gone after that much time. It dovetails with a previous report from China also suggesting antibodies quickly fade.The results “call for caution regarding antibody-based ‘immunity passports,’ herd immunity, and perhaps vaccine durability,” the California authors write.That’s true, Creech said, but other parts of the immune system also help confer protection. Besides churning out antibodies, B cells develop a memory so they know how to do that again if needed.“They would get called into action very quickly when there’s a new exposure to the virus. It’s as if they lie dormant, just waiting,” he said.Other white blood cells called T cells also are better able to attack the virus the next time they see it, Creech said.Although circulating antibodies may not last long, what we need to know is if and how people remake antibodies if exposed to the coronavirus again and if they protect against another infection, Alison Criss, an immunologist at the University of Virginia, wrote in an email. “We also need to know if there is a protective T cell response” that reappears.Vaccines, which provoke the immune system to make antibodies, might give longer-lasting protection than natural infection because they use purified versions of what stimulates that response, she noted.Creech agreed.“This shouldn’t dissuade us from pursuing a vaccine,” he said. “Antibodies are only a part of the story.”___Marilynn Marchione can be followed on Twitter at http://twitter.com/MMarchioneAP___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 2967

NEWTOWN, Connecticut — After 20 children and six adults died at Sandy Hook Elementary School nearly five years ago, the district promised to rebuild a school that looked nothing like the one where a shooter went on a rampage and the district promised the new school would be the most secure one in the country. 318

NEWBURY PARK (KGTV) -- A wind-driven brush fire has erupted in Southern California, burning near structures in the Newbury Park area of Ventura County.Cal Fire says the Hill Fire has quickly grown to 5,000 to 7,000 acres, shutting down both directions of Highway 101, as of 4 p.m. More than 160 firefighters have been dispatched, and eight air tankers have been ordered.At a Thursday night news conference, Ventura County fire officials said they expect the blaze to burn all the way to the Pacific Ocean. Should winds pick up, the blaze could reach the ocean by Friday morning. According to firefighters, the fuel burning hasn't seen a wildfire in a long time, adding to the intensity of the fire. One firefighter did receive minor injuries fighting the blaze. The nature of the injury wasn't specified. The Hill Fire is about 5 miles from the site of a shooting Wednesday night at a bar in Thousand Oaks, California, in which 12 people were killed.It's the second brush fire in the area as another fire, dubbed the Woolsey Fire, had burned about 300 acres to the east in the Bell Canyon area as of 4 p.m.Gusty Santa Ana winds are blowing through Ventura and neighboring Los Angeles counties at about 25-30 miles per hour. Wind speeds are set to peak Friday morning.The fire's spread has prompted evacuations to the following areas: 1371

NEW ORLEANS (AP) — A New Orleans trumpeter is offering kids trumpets in exchange for guns. Shamarr Allen tells news agencies that he has a 9-year-old son and started the project last week, the day after a 9-year-old boy was shot and killed. He says the trumpet changed his life when he was 12 or 13 and started playing for tips in the French Quarter — and he wants to give other kids a chance. An online fundraiser, that had a goal of raising ,500, raised more than ,000 in just four days.According to the fundraiser, The Trumpet is My Weapon Gun Exchange Program is raising money to purchase trumpets, which go for about 0 each.Allen says several musicians have agreed to offer free virtual lessons to kids who get the trumpets. 744

NEW YORK CITY — An Arizona man is dead after jumping out of a freezer at a New York City restaurant and charging at an employee with a knife.Police identified the man as 54-year-old Carlton Henderson of Cave Creek, Arizona.Police say on Sunday an employee at Sarabeth's restaurant in New York City opened the freezer door, and Henderson allegedly ran out screaming, "Away from me, Satan!"The restaurant worker was able to calm the man down but the man went into cardiac arrest and later died at an Upper West Side hospital.No one else in the eatery was injured.  585