梅州念珠菌阴道炎有哪些症状(梅州如何治重度阴道炎) (今日更新中)

BUJUMBURA, May 31(Xinhua) -- As the World No Tobacco Day is celebrated on Tuesday, many Burundians feel happy that they have given up smoking thanks to herbal drugs.Evariste Ndikumwami, 55, residing in the Burundian capital Bujumbura, said he had been smoking for 30 years, but gave up smoking in January after taking herbal drugs prescribed by an abbot."I had been smoking since my teenage and I gave up smoking in January (this year) after I took herbal drugs that I got from a Roman Catholic priest from Uganda working at Rugari parish in the province of Muyinga, some 210 km northeast of the Burundian capital Bujumbura," Ndikumwami told Xinhua.Ndikumwami said he used to smoke a pack of 20 cigarettes per day, adding that he had found it hard to give up smoking.He said, "I took the herbal drugs for 15 days. The abbot prescribed me two herbal drugs -- one to be smoked for five days at daytime when I desire to smoke and another one to be applied around the nostrils at night."After the medication period, he never felt the desire for smoking cigarettes, he said."When my friends realized I was no longer smoking, they asked me which drugs I took to give up smoking. I directed them to the abbot who had healed me and they also got cured and stopped smoking," Ndikumwami said.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 4 (Xinhua) -- U.S. scientists have found two gene mutations occurring in oligodendrogliomas, the second-most common form of brain cancer, according to a study to be published Friday in journal Science.For years scientists have been looking for the primary cancer genes involved in oligodendrogliomas evolvement. Scientists know the two chromosomes held the probable mutations, but the particular gene information remains unclear.Now scientists at Duke University Medical Center and Johns Hopkins University have discovered the most likely genetic mutations that researchers have been hunting for on chromosomes 1 and 19.The genes they identified, CIC or FUBP1, are tumor suppressor genes. The cancer-related pathways that involve these genes could become targets for future treatments, said Hai Yan, a Duke associate professor of pathology and co-corresponding author of the study.The researchers found CIC on chromosome 19 and FUBP1 on chromosome 1 based on an initial study of seven oligodendrogliomas. They found six mutations and two mutations, respectively, in the seven tumors. Further study of 27 more of these tumors showed that there were 12 and three mutations of CIC and FUBP1, respectively. The two genes were rarely mutated in other types of cancers, indicating that they are oligodendroglioma-specific genes.These genes were difficult to find until the technology improved, said Yan."The team used whole genome sequencing technology so that no genes would be excluded, and we found to our surprise that one gene, on chromosome 19, was mutated in six out of the seven initial tumor specimens we sequenced," Yan said. "A mutation frequency of 85 percent is very high."The finding of two additional new genes involved in oligodendrogliomas increases the chances for an effective combination drug therapy for the tumor, Yan said. He envisions a combination cocktail of drugs similar to the combination-drug treatments taken by HIV patients that would target different pathways involved in cancer, and assist both in reducing the chance of relapsing and increasing odds of success.

WASHINGTON, June 2 (Xinhua) -- When humans see red, their reactions become both faster and more forceful, according to a new study published this week in the U.S. bimonthly journal Emotion.The findings may have applications for sporting and other activities in which a brief burst of strength and speed is needed, such as weightlifting. But the authors caution that the color energy boost is likely short-lived.The study measured the reactions of students in two experiments. In the first, 30 fourth-through-10th graders pinched and held open a metal clasp. Right before doing so, they read aloud their participant number written in either red or gray crayon. In the second experiment, 46 undergraduates squeezed a handgrip with their dominant hand as hard as possible when they read the word "squeeze" on a computer monitor. The word appeared on a red, blue, or gray background.In both scenarios, red significantly increased the force exerted, with participants in the red condition squeezing with greater maximum force than those in the gray or blue conditions. In the handgrip experiment, not only the amount of force, but also the immediacy of the reaction increased when red was present.The colors in the study were precisely equated in hue, brightness, and chroma (intensity) to insure that reactions were not attributable to these other qualities of color."Red enhances our physical reactions because it is seen as a danger cue," explains coauthor Andrew Elliot, professor of psychology at the University of Rochester and a lead researcher in the field of color psychology. "Humans flush when they are angry or preparing for attack," he explains. "People are acutely aware of such reddening in others and it's implications."But threat is a double-edged sword, argue Elliot and coauthor Henk Aarts, professor of psychology at Utrecht University, in the Netherlands. Along with mobilizing extra energy, "threat also evokes worry, task distraction, and self-preoccupation, all of which have been shown to tax mental resources," they write in the paper.In earlier color research, exposure to red has proven counterproductive for skilled motor and mental tasks: athletes competing against an opponent wearing red are more likely to lose and students exposed to red before a test perform worse.

CANBERRA, Aug. 17 (Xinhua) -- Australian scientist on Wednesday said his international research team has discovered the trick on how butterfly learn to change its wing pattern to avoid being eaten by birds.The Amazonian butterfly, Heliconius numata, has learnt to carry out a single genetic switch to alter its wing pattern so it appears to be another bad-tasting butterfly that birds will avoid.Dr. Siu Fai (Ronald) Lee from the Department of Genetics and Bio21 Institute at Australia's University of Melbourne was part of the international research team, which was led by scientists at Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the University of Exeter in United Kingdom.Dr. Lee said the historical mystery had puzzled researchers for decades."Charles Darwin was puzzled by how butterflies evolved such similar patterns of warning coloration," Dr. Siu Fai (Ronald) Lee from the Department of Genetics and Bio21 Institute at the University of Melbourne told Western Australia Today."We have now solved this mystery, identifying the region of chromosome responsible for changing wing pattern."He said the research team identified a genetic switch known as a supergene, which allowed the butterfly to morph into several different forms, allowing one species to mimic another."It is amazing that by changing just one small region of the chromosomes, the butterfly is able to fool its predators by mimicking a range of different butterflies that taste bad," he said."The butterflies rearrange this supergene DNA like a small pack of cards, and the result is new wing patterns. It means that butterflies look completely different but have the same DNA."There are other butterflies doing similar tricks, but this is the most elegant one."I was just fascinated by how elegant they were."He said the discovery proves that small chromosomal changes can preserve successful gene combinations, and thus help a species to adapt.The findings of the study are published on August 14 in the international journal Nature.

BEIJING, Aug. 16 (Xinhuanet) -- Almost one in four Chinese students aged between 12 and 14 have tried smoking, according to the results of a survey released by the Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (CATC).The survey, carried out among 38,839 students and 6,503 teachers from middle and high schools in 11 provinces across the country between May and June, showed that 22.5 percent of students aged between 12 and 14 had tried smoking and that 15.8 percent of middle and high school students smoke regularly."There are definitely quite a number of boy students in my class who smoke regularly as some have been found smoking outside campus during lunch break," said Li Xiaolan, an English teacher from a high school in Shanghai. The survey also found that 39 percent of students took their first cigarette from their classmates."It was quite common to smoke with my classmates at school and we usually smoked in toilets or in corners of the playground after lunch," said Zhou Guangrong, a 22-year-old university student from Guiyang, Guizhou province, who started smoking when he was 12.The majority of student smokers buy cigarettes themselves and about 76 percent of the adolescent smokers said that there is at least one cigarette shop within 200 meters from their school."When I was a student at middle and high schools, they were surrounded by cigarette shops," said Zhou who used to smoke two cigarettes per day in primary school and two packs per week in middle and high school."We're keen to show that more adolescents are starting smoking much younger than before, and that we need to minimize the number of young smokers," said Duan Jiali, secretary-general of the youth tobacco control commission under CATC. Duan added that teachers and parents should set a good example for teenagers by not smoking in front of them at school or at home, which is the most influential way of stopping adolescents from smoking.China banned smoking in 16 types of public indoor venues - including hospitals, schools, bars, restaurants and hotels - on May 1 in an attempt to curb tobacco use in the country with the world's largest number of smokers.Currently, there are more than 300 million smokers in China, and about 1.2 million people die from smoking-related diseases every year, accounting for one-fifth of the world's total, according to statistics from the World Health Organization."Meanwhile, about 540 million people are exposed to secondhand smoke, 48.9 percent of which are adolescents (from 15 to 19 years old)," said Xu Guihua, deputy director of the CATC."It's essential and urgent for us to control the number of adult smokers who potentially tempt adolescents to smoke."

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