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BEIJING, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- China's central bank Friday ordered banks to set aside an additional 0.5 percent of their deposits from Nov. 29, the fifth such hike this year and the second increase this month.The People's Bank of China said the move was aimed at "enhancing liquidity management and moderately regulating credit supply." The increase was estimated to freeze liquidity of about 300 billion yuan (44.8 billion U.S. dollars).The reserve requirement ratio (RRR) for the four big state-owned banks -- the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China -- will stand at 18.5 percent once the rise takes effect.Friday's move will raise the deposit reserve ratio for other large financial institutions to 18 percent and for small and medium-sized institutions to 16 percent.Analysts said the increase exceeded forecasts as it targeted over-liquidity in the banking system and looming hot money inflows caused by the United States' quantitative easing policy."The PBOC is under pressure, and it needs to do something to show its determination to tame inflation. However, it has no intention to kill growth by aggressively hiking interest rates or imposing a lending squeeze," said Lu Ting, China economist at the Bank of America-Merrill Lynch."Hiking the RRR is the natural choice of the PBOC," Lu said in an e-mailed note to clients.China's economic growth rate was likely to slow in the fourth quarter to 8.7 percent, mainly as a result of economic restructuring, the State Information Center (SIC) said Friday.The forecast was almost 1 percentage point lower than the third quarter's 9.6-percent growth rate, but the SIC expected the economy to grow by 10 percent for the full year on the back of a 10.6-percent growth rate for the first three quarters.The central bank, on Nov. 10, announced a 50-basis-point rise of the RRR for Chinese financial institutions that accept deposits from Nov. 16, as China's consumer price index (CPI), a main gauge of inflation, soared to a 25-month high of 4.4 percent year on year in October.Prices of meat have risen for the week ending Nov. 14, with prices of pork up 1.6 percent and mutton 0.5 percent. Prices of eggs also rose 0.9 percent, while rice rose 0.6 percent and flour 0.4 percent, according to a weekly report by the Ministry of Commerce.The report said prices of 18 types of vegetables were slightly lower, down by 0.8 percent compared to the previous week. However, on a year-on-year basis, the prices of 18 staple vegetables in the first 10 days this month were still significantly higher from a year earlier.The State Council, the Cabinet, Wednesday announced price control guidelines to reassure consumers facing rising inflation and urged local authorities to offer temporary subsidies to needy families.The market had been expecting an increase, but did not anticipate it would come so soon, said Tan Yaling, senior analyst at Bank of China.She said the central bank would not raise the benchmark interest rates soon after the ratio hike as higher interest rates would further expand the interest rate differences between China and other major economies, which would lead to the influx of hot money.The central bank's decision to raise the RRR, instead of interest rates, was because a higher RRR would have "a direct effect on withdrawing liquidity," said Yan Wei, chief economist with the Orient Securities.The decision was announced after Chinese stock markets edged up following a period of decline of up to 10 percent of their value, largely on concerns of tighter policies.The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index rose 0.81 percent to close at 2,888.57. The Shenzhen Component Index closed up 1.23 percent to end at 12,295.85.

BEIJING, Jan. 18 (Xinhua) -- Major foreign media have been positive in their coverage of Chinese President Hu Jintao's recent interview with two U.S. newspapers.On the eve of his state visit to the United States, Hu answered questions concerning major domestic and international issues in a written interview with reporters from Wall Street Journal and Washington Post on Monday.Japanese newspaper Tokyo Shimbun said President Hu stressed the need to reform the U.S. dollar-based international financial system and expressed disagreement with the U.S. criticism of the slow appreciation of the Chinese yuan. He also hoped the parties to the Six-Party talks on denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula would work actively to resume dialogue.Japanese newspaper Mainichi Shimbun said Hu called on the international community to further advance international financial system reform.Chinese President Hu Jintao (2nd L) arrives at Washington, the United States, on Jan. 18, 2011. Hu Jintao landed here Tuesday for a four-day state visit.Hu said the financial crisis sparked by the collapse of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. in 2008 was rooted in serious defects in the existing financial system and the monetary policy of the United States had a major impact on global liquidity and capital flows. "Therefore, the liquidity of the U.S. dollar should be kept at a reasonable and stable level," Hu said.Hu said "the current international currency system is the product of the past," but he did not dispute the U.S. dollar's role as the global reserve currency. He said it "will be a fairly long process" before the yuan could become an international reserve currency.German newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung said the Chinese president agreed that China and the United States should be partners for cooperation in broader areas and abandon the zero-sum Cold War mentality. Hu wrote in the interview that both countries should respect each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity. He also expressed concerns over U.S. monetary policy.German newspaper Suddeutsche Zeitung said, before his visit, Hu expressed his confidence while saying the current international currency system was "the product of the past." Though it will take a long time for the yuan to compete with the U.S. dollar as the global dominant currency, Hu had no doubt about the development trend.German newspaper Handelsblatt also referred to Hu's quote that the current international currency system was "the product of the past," but noted he made no compromise on the continuing debate over the right exchange rate. Beijing "cannot accept" U.S. demands of yuan appreciation, it quoted him as saying.The British Financial Times said on its website that Hu had talked about the role of the yuan in the written interview with U.S. media, and underlined China's concern about the impact on its own economy of U.S. monetary policy.The article said Hu rarely gave newspaper interviews to the U.S. media, which illustrated the importance China attached to the U.S. trip. In spite of what he acknowledged as a "sensitive" issue of disagreement between the United States and China, he generally struck a positive note on bilateral ties, saying the two sides could work productively together.The article said Hu's comments on the U.S.-led monetary system as a "product of the past" was confirmation that China would continue to take measures to internationalize the yuan. Meanwhile, he also said that "making the yuan an international currency will be a fairly long process." On the recent stimulus measures taken by the U.S. Federal Reserve, Hu said the liquidity of the U.S. dollar should be kept at a reasonable and stable level.French newspaper La Tribune said Hu answered seven questions raised by two U.S. newspapers, saying that the U.S.-led monetary system was a "product of the past," and criticizing the Fed's quantitative easing monetary policy.The report said that Hu insisted the two countries should build close and constructive relationship, referring to new energy, clean energy, infrastructure and aerospace. He also said both countries should abandon the zero-sum Cold War mentality and respect each other's choice of development path.U.S. newspaper Washington Post said that Hu promised China would continue to develop "socialist democracy." His remarks on this issue seemed to suggest that Chinese leaders understood the increasingly rich population had growing demands for diversity. He said the fact that China had enjoyed sustained, rapid economic growth and social stability and harmony in the past 30 years proved the validity of China's political system.Hu said China had "made relentless efforts" to help ease the tension in the Korean peninsula, and thanks to joint efforts by China and other parties, "there have been signs of relaxation."Singaporean newspaper Lianhe Zaobao said on its website that Hu admitted there were some differences and sensitive issues between China and the United States, but his attitude was gentle. Hu made a relatively optimistic assessment of China-U.S. relations, saying that both countries should abandon the zero-sum Cold War mentality and respect each other's choice of development path.The AFP said that replying to questions from The Wall Street Journal and the Washington Post, Hu came out fighting on the currency issue that was so vital to the world economy, as well as to a Chinese leadership that felt it must sustain strong growth to survive.Highlighting the dollar's importance to global trade, Hu implicitly criticized the Federal Reserve's recent decision to pump 600 billion dollars into the U.S. economy.The AFP said that, on the eve of his visit, the tenor of Hu's message was overwhelmingly conciliatory and positive.Reuters said Hu hoped China and United States could abandon the zero-sum Cold War mentality and he also put forward new cooperation proposals.Eswar Prasad, a Brookings Institution economist and former International Monetary Fund chief of financial studies, said, "Hu makes it clear that China intends to move forward on opening its markets, freeing up its exchange rate and restructuring its political system, but at its own pace and with little heed to external pressures for more rapid or broader reforms."

BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Minister of National Defense said on Tuesday it had reduced the country's military reserves forces from 600,000 to 510,000 men and women over the past five years.China has also reduced the number of people in its militias from 10 million to eight million during the same period, said Gen. Liang Guanglie in an interview with Xinhua.It is the first time the Chinese government has given the exact number of people in the reserve forces and militias. In times of emergencies, the reserve forces and militias can be ordered to assist China's 2.3-million regular troops, the People's Liberation Army (PLA).Although China has experienced around 30 years of peace, Gen. Liang said the PLA has never relaxed its military preparations and vigilance especially at a time when "regional military conflicts can not be ruled out."In times of peace, the PLA's reserves conduct regular military training and participate in non-combat military operations, such as disaster relief work.The minister said the PLA had pushed forward military reforms in the past five years to build a more powerful military with upgraded weapon systems and high-quality personnel.Currently, 80 percent of the PLA's officers have four years of higher education compared with 25.8 percent in 1998, Gen. Liang said.To improve the quality of military personnel, the Chinese government has encouraged university graduates to join the armed forces since 2009. More than 100,000 college graduates gained their uniforms in 2010.In the past five years, China has dispatched more than 13,000 United Nations-commissioned peacekeepers to carry out 13 U.N. missions around the world, according to Liang.The PLA also sent professional units to Haiti, Pakistan and other countries and regions for disaster relief efforts and to give medical aids and other humanitarian relief, he said.

BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- China Wednesday released its first ever white paper on the nation's anti-graft efforts, expressing its resolve to strengthen the fight against corruption.The document, titled China's Efforts to Combat Corruption and Build a Clean Government, was issued by the Information Office of the State Council, or Cabinet.Ren Jianming, director of the Anti-Corruption and Governance Research Center at Tsinghua University, said corruption is a sensitive issue, and the white paper shows "China has a more open and cooperative attitude toward the problem."The report will help eliminate bias and misunderstanding about China's anti-graft battle as it details both achievements and problems, said He Zengke, a researcher at the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau, a prominent research institute on Marxism and Chinese policies."It will help people develop a correct, objective and comprehensive understanding of China," he said.China's efforts to combat corruption and build a clean government have been managed systematically and promoted comprehensively and "achieved results," the report said.From 2003 to 2009, prosecutors at all levels investigated more than 240,000 cases of embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty, and rights infringement, according to the report.From January to November, the Party's discipline watchdogs investigated 119,000 graft cases, resulting in 113,000 people being punished, of whom 4,332 were prosecuted, said Wu Yuliang, secretary general of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of Communist Party of China (CPC), at a press conference Wednesday.From 2005 until 2009, over 69,200 cases of commercial bribery -- involving some 16.59 billion yuan in funds -- were investigated, it said.In 2009, some 7,036 officials were held responsible for serious mistakes, breach of duty, and failing to manage and supervise subordinates, the report said.The report quoted a National Bureau of Statistics survey as saying that 83.8 percent of Chinese thought corruption was reduced to some extent in 2010, which was up from 68.1 percent in 2003.The document warned that the task of curbing corruption remains arduous.China has undergone dramatic economic and social change, and the ideas and concepts of the people have altered, leading to increased social conflict, the report said."Since the relevant mechanisms and systems are still incomplete, corruption persists, some cases even involving huge sums of money," the report said. "Breaches of law and discipline tend to be more covert, intelligent and complicated."The CPC and the government understand the "long-haul, complicated and arduous" nature of the anti-graft mission, the report said."They will resolutely punish and effectively prevent corruption with more resolutions and powerful measures," the report said.The report introduces the principles, working mechanisms and legal framework for China's anti-graft system. It also sets out the progress made in combating corruption and international anti-graft cooperation.Despite the achievements made, more work has to be done to meet the people's expectation for anti-graft efforts, especially with improving the transparency of decision making, He said.Many difficulties and problems facing the anti-graft work will be solved through the reform of the systems, he said.On Tuesday the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the country's central leadership, set objectives for the country's anti-graft mission in the next phase, stressing better anti-corruption supervision on construction projects, public money being held in private account, extravagant ceremonies, and government vehicles.Prof. Yan Shuhan at the Central Party School said the Communist Party of China should stay sober-minded and persistent in its anti-graft endeavor and face the problems head on.

BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- Home prices in 70 major Chinese cities rose 0.3 percent month on month in December and 6.4 percent year on year, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said Monday.The annualized growth rate dropped from 7.7 percent in November, making December the eighth consecutive month of slowing growth from a peak of 12.8 percent in April last year, when the government stepped up controls to curb prices.New home prices climbed 7.6 percent year on year last month and 0.3 percent month on month, while prices for second-hand homes rose 5 percent year on year and 0.5 percent month on month, said a statement on the NBS website.File photo taken on Nov. 14, 2010 shows a newly built residential community in east China's Shanghai Municipality.Property sales volume, in terms of floor space, was up 11.5 percent from a year earlier to 218.08 million square meters last month, and the value of sales rose 21.9 percent to more than 1.02 trillion yuan (about 155 billion U.S. dollars).Property sales for the whole of last year surged 10.1 percent year on year to 1.04 billion square meters, and the sales value was up 18.3 percent to 5.25 trillion yuan, it said.Property investment last year jumped 33.2 percent year on year to 4.83 trillion yuan. In December alone, 557 billion yuan was invested in the real estate sector, up 12 percent year on year.