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NANJING -- Sixty-two years after Japan's surrender in the Second World War on Wednesday, Chinese and Japanese marked the event together with calls for world peace.In Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province where the notorious Nanjing Massacre occurred, a 48-strong delegation of the Japanese left-wing group Mei Shin Kai commemorated the day.A Japanese woman prays in front of a monument for war victims during a gathering in memory of the end of the World War II, in Nanjing, East China's Jiangsu Province August 15, 2007. [newsphoto]"We pledge today to continue working for world peace and telling people the true history," said Matsuoka Tamaki, a primary school teacher from Osaka and head of the delegation.Tamaki started visiting veterans of the war in 1998 in the hope of discovering the truth about Japan's controversial history. Based on the accounts of six veterans, she identified a site in Nanjing, where more than 1,000 Chinese were killed during the massacre.According to her findings, the victims were led to Taipingmen in east Nanjing on Dec, 13 1937, and bayoneted, shot or forced to step on land mines.To make sure everyone was dead, the Japanese soldiers made a thorough search the next day and bayoneted those who still breathing, Tamaki said."This is a new finding," said Zhu Chengshan, curator of the Memorial Hall of the Victims in the Nanjing Massacre, noting that more than 20 sites, most by the Yangtze River, have been recognized as massacre sites.Zhu said he would erect a memorial monument at the Taipingmen site.Invading Japanese troops occupied Nanjing on December 13, 1937, and launched a six-week massacre. Chinese records show more than 300,000 people, not only disarmed soldiers but also civilians, were killed.Japanese college student Hitomi Fukugawa, 21, visiting China for the first time, said she was astonished at survivors' stories. "In Japan I learnt little about the invasion, but now I feel I have more to learn," she said.In northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, Wednesday was the first Peace Day in Qiqihar, site of the first battle against Japanese troops after they launched their invasion on September 18, 1931.Performances were held to mark the day the war ended, and more than 3,000 pupils drew symbols of peace on an 815-meter-long banner."We should remember the tribulations of war on this day and cherish peace," said businessman Wang Xinghai, 35, at the memorial wall on the Peace Square.In Shenyang, capital of Liaoning, elderly people gathered to recall the war."I saw a Japanese soldier kill a six-year-old kid with his bayonet and slay a newly-wed couple," said 87-year-old Sun Shizhen in sorrow.Veteran Shan Lizhi, 96, said, "All our sacrifices were made for peace and prosperity.""Remembering history doesn't mean harboring hatred," said Wang Jianxue, head of the Warfare Research Institute of "9.18". "Our country was weak at that time, and we should tell our young people to work hard for China's rejuvenation."In Beijing, a set of surgical tools and the wooden trunk used by Canadian surgeon Norman Bethune were donated to the Chinese Museum of Anti-Japanese War on Wednesday.Bethune came to China in 1938 and set up a front-line mobile hospital where he operated on wounded soldiers. He is credited with saving thousands of lives.In Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, more than 200 people laid flowers at the monument for dead Sichuan soldiers, a bronze statue of a soldier in a bamboo hat, carrying a grenade and holding a gun facing east.During the eight-year war, about three million Sichuan soldiers fought and more than 600,000 died.Holding a bouquet of white chrysanthemums, a man in his 70s who declined to be named said, "We should never forget those who died for the liberation of our country and value peace for them."

YANGJIANG, Guangdong Province -- A Chinese salvage team is getting ready to recover the wreckage of an ancient merchant ship loaded with exquisite porcelain from the South China sea on Saturday."If the weather is cooperative, the boat, which has been in the sea for about 800 years, will see the light of day again two days later," said Wu Jiancheng, head of the excavation project.Photo taken on Dec. 20 shows the interior of "Crystal Palace," a glass pool that will be used to put the ancient merchant ship Nanhai No. 1 after its wreckage is recovered from the South China sea on Saturday, Dec. 22. [Xinhua]According to Wu, the excavation is scheduled to begin at 10 am and the ship is expected to be hoisted out of water in two hours.The ship dates back to the early Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) and is 30.4 meters long and 9.8 meters wide. It was the first ancient vessel discovered on the "Marine Silk Road" of the South China Sea. It was named Nanhai No. 1, meaning "South China Sea No.1."Wu said, Nanhai No. 1 left port in southern China to trade with foreign countries and sank probably due to stormy waves. It was quickly buried by silt. It was estimated there were probably 60,000 to 80,000 relics on board.To better protect the precious relics and gain valuable information, archaeologists launched an unprecedented operation in early May to raise the wreck and the surrounding silt in a huge steel basket.According to the plan, a crane would first put the basket onto a barge. Tow boats would then pull the barge to a temporary port on Sunday where the basket would be sent to a specially-built museum.In order to avoid damage to the relics caused by a change of environment and pressure, the ancient ship would be put in a huge glass pool. There, the water temperature, pressure and other environmental conditions would be the same as the sea bed where the ship lay.The pool, named "Crystal Palace" is 64 meters long, 40 meters wide and 23 meters high. It contains seawater and is about 12 meters in depth."It will be sealed after the ship and the silt are put in," said Feng Shaowen, head of the cultural bureau of Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province.Feng said visitors would be able watch the on-going excavation of the ship through windows on two sides of the pool.As early as 2,000 years ago, ancient Chinese traders began taking china, silk and cloth textiles and other commodities to foreign countries along the trading route. It started from ports at today's Guangdong and Fujian provinces to countries in southeast Asia, Africa and Europe.Nanhai No.1, accidentally found in 1987, was located some 20 sea miles west of Hailing Island of Yangjiang City in South China's Guangdong Province, in more than 20 meters of water.Green glazed porcelain plates, tin pots, shadowy blue porcelains and other rare antiques have all been found during the initial exploration of the ship.Guangdong has earmarked 150 million yuan (US.3 million) to build a "Marine Silk Road Museum" to preserve the salvaged ancient ship.Unlike the traditional practice of excavating relics on sunken ships first and then salvaging the vessel, no more relic excavations would be made until the boat "gets used to its new home," said Wu."Actually, archaeologists will conduct thorough excavations of the ship later in the pool."It is believed that a successful salvage would offer important material evidence for the study of China's history in seafaring, shipbuilding and ceramics manufacture.

National authorities Thursday urged local governments to deal more firmly with cases of illegal land acquisitions. The move comes at a time when such cases are becoming increasingly common. A joint statement released by the Ministry of Supervision (MOS) and Ministry of Land and Resources said local government leaders should take the lead in protecting arable land. "The work to crack down on illegal land acquisition cases should be put at the top of the agenda," the statement said. The fast pace of economic development and the burgeoning property market have made land deals a lucrative prospect. The soaring land prices are filling local coffers and spurring further cases of illegal land acquisition. Land and Resources Minister Xu Shaoshi said yesterday that China must do everything it can to ensure that its arable land bank remains above the 120 million hectares red line. "Like a high voltage line, it should never be touched," he said. "Anyone encroaching upon arable land illegally will be dealt with harshly." The statement ordered local leaders to "waste no time" in "firmly supporting" the work of local supervision and land and resources officials. It also asked them to "bravely" shoulder the main responsibility in "actively" addressing such problems at the local level. Local supervision and land and resources officials have been ordered to "review" the cases found before last October and to "concentrate strength" to ferret out more, it said. Evidence of concealed deals of ineffective work will trigger an accountability mechanism, under which local leaders will be held accountable for malfeasance. Local supervision and land and resources departments will file monthly reports on the issue.

There is perhaps no better time to savor the charm of Tian'anmen Square than during the week-long National Day holiday.Two girls pose with small national flags on Tian'anmen Square September 30, 2007, the eve of the week-long National Day holiday. [Xinhua] Stretching in front of the Forbidden City, it is ablaze with the color of 400,000 pots of flowers in full bloom.This year's major events can be seen at the city's center. Looking east are scale models of the Acropolis in Athens, the Great Wall, and a 9.8-meter Olympic torch, which represents the torch relay from Greece to China.To the south can be seen models of the Temple of Heaven and major scenes marking key events in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to welcome the 17th National Congress of the CPC which starts on October 15.A big fountain sprouts water as high as 60 meters in the middle of the square surrounded by a bed of flowers."The square is always the best place to experience the festive atmosphere of the National Day," Deng Chuanmei, 48, a visitor from Jiangsu Province, said.Wei Liqing, a Beijing resident, said she has taken photos and videos at the square every National Day holiday since 1992. "I want to record the pace and growth of our country," she said.Work on the decorations and flower displays started about 25 days ago, and was carried out at night to avoid disrupting tourists and traffic, Zhou Jianping, an official with the Beijing gardening and forestation bureau, said.He said this year's decorations include 130 kinds of flowers, of which more than 20 will also be on display during the next year's Olympic Games. If weather permits, the flowers will be shown until the end of the month.The national flag raising ceremony will also be a major attraction. At dawn today, an estimated 200,000 people will gather at Tian'anmen Square to watch the event.The capital's tourism administration bureau has predicted that about 1.7 million people will visit the capital during the seven-day holiday.

Blogging, a form of citizen journalism, has caught on so much in China that even some government officials are getting into it.The highest-ranking official or former official to write a blog is Zhao Qizheng, former director of the State Council Information Office, now president of the Journalism School of Renmin University in Beijing.He launched the blog "Zhao Qizheng and his books" (http://blog.sina.com.cn/zhaoqizheng) on August 3 and uploaded several chapters of his latest work In the One World - 101 Tips on How to Communicate with Foreigners. One of them, about the importance of smiling, has been read by nearly 40,000 netizens since it was posted a week ago.In a letter of August 14, Zhao thanked netizens for reading and commenting on his blog and apologized that he could not respond to each comment or question because he could only surf the Internet for limited time every day, and that he was a slow typist.Some netizens have used his blog to speak directly with the former top news official.One of them, called "Peach", a journalism student complained of a perceived lack of jobs in the industry and asked for his advice.The direct interaction between bloggers is one of the most appealing elements about this form of communication.Arguably the most popular blog run by an official is that of Liao Xinbo, deputy director of the provincial health bureau of South China's Guangdong Province.Liao calls himself "Doctor Brother Bozi" and his blog (http://blog.sina.com.cn/liaoxinbo) has been read more than 650,000 times since it was launched last April. At present it ranks the sixth most popular blog in Guangdong.The health official is known for being outspoken. On Monday, he posted an article by an anonymous doctor which blamed China's apparent failure on medical reform over the last 30 years on the lack of fair pay for doctors."If the situation continues, the next medical reform is doomed to fail again," the post warned.Liao also argued in his blog that health services were not a commodity that should be "bought" by patients, a key point that health providers need to serve the public, instead of trying to rake in money.Netizens who agreed with Liao proposed the official lobby his allies at the provincial people's congress - the legislative body - to draft a law especially for medical contracts.Netizens even went as far as drafting their own medical contract law, which Liao posted on August 24 commenting: "I have never studied laws and cannot give any comments. I wish my friends who are interested to give their ideas".Dozens of lawyers responded.According to one of them, legal tangles in the medical sector were difficult to settle because there were already too many laws, but not one powerful or specific enough to tackle problems with malpractice disputes.The netizen proposed that it was with some urgency that a law was drafted that covered the entire sector, instead of one that specifically dealt with contracts.Whether or not the fact the netizens' law proposals were right or wrong, their interaction with this sort of blogging demonstrates how ordinary people can debate the merits of such proposals.Liao's blog, with its inspiring discussions, provides a prime example of a form of "direct democracy".There are no figures available as to how many officials have blogs in China.However, in Suqian, a mid-sized city in East China's Jiangsu Province, 81 middle and high-ranking officials in the municipal government have opened blogs on the government website (http://blog.suqian.gov.cn/).Their Communist Party secretary, Zhang Xinshi, took the lead."Zhang hopes that those who are in charge at the different government organs can also have blogs so that they can express their ideas, attract people's discussions and build an efficient channel of communication between officials and ordinary citizens," said a Suqian Daily report about a working conference this April.Zhang has updated his blog almost every day and written long articles on weekends about a wide range of topics from global climate change to professional education.An article on "civilized behavior" prompted the local Suqian Daily to open a column about the topic, and more than 100,000 pupils and high school students distributed pamphlets on civilized behavior in the streets of his city.Almost each of Zhang's online articles was read more than 400 times, but there have been few posted responses from the public.When a comment was made, it often turned out to be a pledge of a subordinate to implement the Party secretary's ideas, not public feedback.A report in the People's Daily last month said officials in Suqian had published more than 1,700 articles on their blogs and these articles were read by more than 760,000 netizens."It is a good thing that officials opened blogs and strengthen their communication with the ordinary citizens," Xie Chuntao, professor at the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Beijing, said.As part of China's e-governance construction, 12,000 government websites have been built in the past decade, according a report by Xinhua News Agency last December.More than 96 percent of the central government organs, 90 percent of provincial governments, 96 percent of municipal governments and 77 percent of county governments have their own websites."By further exploring the communication possibilities of blogs, officials may better win the citizens' trust if there is successful communication between the two sides," said Mao Shoulong, political science professor at Renmin University of China in a commentary in the People's Daily last year.But he also feared that some officials may have their opinion influenced by the "small club in cyberspace"."Actually, if we want the government to get nearer to the ordinary citizens, we can make more efforts on improving our democratic system instead of using the highly personalized blogs," he said."At the current stage, we can improve the government websites that widely exist, and make them work better in publicizing policies and communicating with netizens. This is a more constructive choice."