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The U.S. decline in cigarette smoking could be stalling while the adult vaping rate appears to be rising, according to a government report released Thursday.About 14% of U.S adults were cigarette smokers last year, the third year in a row the annual survey found that rate. But health officials said a change in the methodology make it hard to compare that to the same 14% reported for 2017 and 2018.The adult smoking rate last saw a substantial drop in 2017, when it fell from 16% the year before.The new figures from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mean there are more than 34 million adult smokers in the U.S.Meanwhile, about 4.5% of adults were counted as current e-cigarette users last year — about 11 million people.That rate appears to be up from 3.2% in 2018 and 2.8% in 2017. But again, officials said that comparing 2019 with earlier years is difficult because of the survey change.The CDC figures are based on responses from about 32,000 people.Health officials have long called tobacco use the nation’s leading cause of preventable disease and death.___The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content. 1279

The U.S. has now surpassed 17 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and has yet again recorded more than 1 million cases of the virus in less than a week, according to a database kept by Johns Hopkins University.The U.S. reached the 16 million case threshold over the weekend. According to the COVID Tracking Project, the country is averaging more than 200,000 new cases of the virus every day, putting it on pace to record 1 million cases every five days.Since Oct. 30, the U.S. has recorded more than 8 million cases of COVID-19 — a number that represents 47% of all cases recorded since the virus reached the U.S. in January. The U.S. is currently in the midst of the most deadly stretch of the pandemic to date. The country surpassed 300,000 deaths linked to the virus on Monday. Since then, nearly 8,000 more people have died of the disease.The COVID Tracking Project reports that the U.S. has averaged more than 2,500 deaths every for the last week — and that number will likely increase in the weeks to come. The COVID Tracking Project also reports that record numbers of Americans are battling the virus in a hospital. The group says more than 113,000 people are currently hospitalized with the virus, leading many health care facilities — particularly those in rural areas — to reach maximum capacity levels.Spikes in COVID-19 typically trail behind spikes in cases and hospitalizations, meaning death totals will likely only increase in the weeks to come. 1481

The terms "signing bonus: and "recruiting" are usually reserved fro top-paid professional athletes. Now add nurses to that list.Hospitals across the country are facing a shortage of nurses, and they're stepping up the incentives to fill the jobs.Patients aren't the only ones happy that Christina Predo is working at UCHealth. After all, the hospital gave her a ,000 signing bonus as an incentive to take the job."Other offers before that hadn't even come close," Predo said.Predo needed to find a job where her husband was being relocated. With several offers on the table, in the end it was UCHealth's signing bonus and other perks that sealed the deal."They offered all sorts of help to help move here," Predo said. "They offered someone to actually find me a neighborhood to live in which was awesome. None of the other hospitals actually offered to do that."What's behind the big bonuses? A shortage of nurses. With more than 500,000 seasoned registered nurses expected to retire by 2022, there's a projected need for 1.1 million new nurses to avoid a shortage.Hospitals across the country, including UCHealth, are feeling that crunch already."Well I'll tell you what, we have about 300 positions open," said Kathy Howell, Chief Nursing Executive at UCHealth.Howell says growth has created a greater demand for nurses, and a good economy means more nurses are opting to retire. That's why there's a concerted effort to make the offer to work at UCHealth as attractive as possible, even allowing out-of-state nurses to try out the hospital for a year and covering their housing costs."They go from assignment to assignment within our health system," Howell says. "We also give them a housing stipend, and we usually convert between 35 and 40 percent of them to full-time employees."Most new nurse hires get around ,000 to sign, which Howell doesn't think is out of line."When you look at what turnover of nurses costs and what not having the right nursing complement is to your hospital," Howell says. "That is a very reasonable investment."Ultimately, Howell says it's about delivering the right care to patients, and creating the right environment for the nurses they hire."It's a real comradery. Everyone is super super nice, you really have a say in what you're doing here, your opinion actually matters you don't feel like a number," Predo said.A new way to fill the need for nurses, with a payoff, multifold. 2476

The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine says it has a new use for its bioprinting system. In the past they've 3D printed normal-size organs and tissues in hopes of someday implanting them in patients.For the coronavirus, the lab is creating organs using human cells that can be as small as a pinhead. They're focusing on the organs most likely to be infected by the disease. like the lungs.“And so we've been playing with a number of agents to, on both prongs what can make it more infective, what can make it less infective to try to sort this out for the future,” Anthony Atala, director for the institute said.Atala says he hopes the system will help in testing drugs before they hit the market.Drug companies do extensive testing and clinical trials in people before releasing a new medication.Atala says sometimes those companies find no serious side effects, but then years later, discover that it's toxic to patients taking it. Atala says testing a drug using the bioprinting system can tell if a drug is toxic in weeks instead of after years on the market.“Even though we've used the tool extensively for toxicity testing, it's also a tool that can be used for screening,” Atala said. “So we can test agents that are currently being considered for testing against COVID and test the efficacy of the treatment on miniature human organs made up of normal cells”To be clear, Atala said drug tests on 3D printer organs are not meant to replace clinical trials in humans, be are an added step to better predict what will happen in those trials. 1567

The White House Correspondents' Association is shelving its tradition of having a comedian roast the president and the press corps at its annual fundraising dinner.Instead, the famed author Ron Chernow will "share his lively, deeply researched perspectives on American politics and history at the 2019 White House Correspondents' Dinner," the association's president Olivier Knox said.Knox made the announcement on Monday. For several months, he had been leaning against inviting a comic, and he had been conferring with other members about the change.President Trump has snubbed the event two years in a row, and there is little reason to believe that he will attend next dinner, which is scheduled for April 27, 2019.The dinner is a key date on Washington's social calendar. But its meaning has changed amid constant attacks on the media and increasing political polarization. Booking Chernow instead of a stand-up performer is a recognition that the annual dinner changes dramatically when the president isn't there.So the association had to rethink things.Historically, Knox told CNN earlier this year, "when the president comes, the program's center of gravity naturally tilts toward the president." After he speaks and ribs the press corps, the featured comedian serves as the counter-balance. But with the president absent, the dinner has a different, more combative feel.Knox and the association's board members are trying to change that."As we celebrate the importance of a free and independent news media to the health of the republic, I look forward to hearing Ron place this unusual moment in the context of American history," Knox said in a statement on Monday.Chernow is the author of six books, including best selling titles about Alexander Hamilton and George Washington. The Hamilton biography inspired Lin-Manuel Miranda's Broadway hit musical "Hamilton," and Chernow served as a historical consultant on the production.Chernow said in a statement, "The White House Correspondents' Association has asked me to make the case for the First Amendment and I am happy to oblige. Freedom of the press is always a timely subject and this seems like the perfect moment to go back to basics. My major worry these days is that we Americans will forget who we are as a people and historians should serve as our chief custodians in preserving that rich storehouse of memory. While I have never been mistaken for a stand-up comedian, I promise that my history lesson won't be dry."Comedienne Michelle Wolf spurred debate about the dinner format when she performed at last April's dinner.Some attendees loved her set, while others cringed at some parts of it.Afterward, Trump allies claimed that the jokes proved the press corps' hatred of Trump. Trump tweeted that the dinner was "embarrassing" and the event is "dead."The correspondents' association -- which did not vet her monologue ahead of time -- expressed regret that the controversy over the jokes overshadowed the dinner's First Amendment message. 3019

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