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Mark Kelly, a former astronaut and husband of former Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, was sworn in as a U.S. senator on Wednesday afternoon.Kelly, a Democrat, defeated Sen. Martha McSally in a November special election. McSally had been appointed by Gov. Doug Ducey to serve in the seat once occupied by Sen. John McCain, who died in 2018.Because Kelly was elected in a special election, he is being sworn in ahead of newly-elected Senators, who will assume their roles early next year.Kelly's seat is one of three Democrats flipped on election day, while Republicans were able to flip one seat back into their control. Control of the chamber remains dependant on the outcome of two runoff elections in Georgia, which will take place in January.During his NASA career, Kelly flew four missions to space and totaled more than 54 days outside of the Earth's atmosphere. His twin brother, Scott, is also an astronaut.Kelly's first foray into politics came via his wife. Giffords was first elected as a congresswoman in 2006, but in 2011, a gunman shot her in the head during an assassination attempt. She survived the shooting but resigned her seat in early 2012 to focus on the recovery.Kelly is at least the second former astronaut to serve in the U.S. Senate, following in the footsteps of John Glenn, who was the first man to orbit the earth and served as a senator representing Ohio from 1974 to 1999. 1403

Millions of homeowners could still benefit from refinancing their mortgages to get a lower interest rate. This is true even after a federal regulator startled lenders by dictating a new fee that amounts to a tax on refinancing.Many could save by refinancingMortgage rates began falling in the spring, as the potential economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic dawned on financial markets, and declined into summer. The average rate on the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage has lingered around 3% APR in much of August, according to NerdWallet’s daily survey, and the 15-year fixed-rate loan has averaged under 3%.Low refinance rates ignited a refinancing boom, accounting for more than 60% of mortgage applications most weeks this summer. Still, plenty of potential refinancers remain. When the 30-year mortgage rate is 3%, almost 18 million homeowners could reduce their interest rate at least 0.75% by refinancing, according to mortgage analytics company Black Knight. The average potential refinance savings: almost 0 a month.Fee could diminish refi savings for someA new fee on refinance transactions could reduce borrowers’ monthly savings, though. The “adverse market refinance fee” was stealthily announced Aug. 12 by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the government-sponsored companies that bought and securitized 47% of mortgages at the beginning of 2020.Freddie attributed the fee to “COVID-19 related economic and market uncertainty.” Fannie used similar wording, without mentioning the disease.The fee is a 0.5% charge on conventional refinances. It amounts to a half-of-a-percent sales tax on refinancing. In the first week of August, the average amount of a conventional refinance was about 4,000, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association. On a refinance for that amount, the fee would be ,620.Some refinancers won’t have to pay. The fee applies only to conventional, conforming mortgages, which means that it doesn’t apply to those who refinance government home loans. Jumbo loans are also exempt.Lenders can pass along the fee to borrowers in several ways: including it in the refinance closing costs, adding it to the loan amount or increasing the interest rate. A 0.5% fee typically would translate into a rate increase of 0.125% or less.New fee targets less-risky borrowersFannie and Freddie claimed that the fee was driven by market uncertainty, but it was levied on refinances, not purchase loans. Refinances generally carry less risk than purchases, so charging more for refis is like setting a higher auto insurance premium for a mom with a clean driving record than for her 16-year-old son.So it’s a mystery why an “adverse market” charge was added to lower-risk loans.Another enigma is who imposed the fee. Fannie and Freddie made the announcement at night, hours after their headquarters closed; the Federal Housing Finance Agency, which closely oversees the companies, made no public comment. David H. Stevens, a former commissioner of the Federal Housing Administration, pointed at the FHFA, tweeting that the agency, Fannie and Freddie “are essentially providing [refinancing homeowners] the middle finger…”Why refis pose less risk than purchase loansTo refinance, borrowers need to demonstrate that they’ve been paying on time. And most people refinance to get lower monthly payments. It’s safe to assume that dependable borrowers decrease their risk of default when they reduce their payments. In contrast, purchase loans are a step into the unknown.The fee will be charged on refi loans that Fannie and Freddie buy on or after Sept. 1. Typically, a few weeks pass between a loan’s closing and its sale to Fannie or Freddie. That time lag means the fee increase applies to most conventional refinancers who had not locked their rate and fees by Aug. 12, when the fee was announced.There’s a chance that the fee could be rescinded. On Aug. 13, a senior White House official told the Wall Street Journal that the administration “has serious concerns with this action, and is reviewing it.” But the FHFA is an independent agency and can act without White House approval.More reasons to refinanceA modest fee doesn’t have to stop anyone from refinancing. There are other reasons to refinance besides monthly savings:Repay the loan faster. By refinancing a 30-year mortgage to a 15-year loan, a borrower can save thousands of dollars over the life of the loan by paying interest for a shorter period.Stop paying mortgage insurance. Refinancing is a way to get rid of mortgage insurance, whether it’s an FHA loan insured by the Federal Housing Administration or private mortgage insurance on a conventional loan.Extract equity. Some homeowners refinance for more than they owe and take the difference in cash in what’s called a cash-out refinance. The money can go toward home improvements or other uses.More From NerdWalletHow and why to refinance your mortgageHow to get rid of private mortgage insuranceHow to get the lowest refinance rateHolden Lewis is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: hlewis@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @HoldenL. 5063

MCFARLAND, California — The Kern County Sheriff's Office says an arrest has been made in connection to the death of California grape grower Jakov Dulcich.Authorities pulled over a car occupied by Mariano Fernandez Perez early on Saturday, a man from Delano, California who had been identified as a suspect in the killing. 349

LOUISVILLE, Ky. (AP) — For the first time, a Black woman will lead Kentucky's Louisville Metro Police Department, which has been heavily criticized since officers fatally shot Breonna Taylor. Mayor Greg Fischer announced on Monday that Yvette Gentry will serve as interim chief. The Courier-Journal reports Gentry is a former Louisville Metro Police deputy chief who retired from the force in 2014. She will be the first woman and third African American to serve as chief. Gentry's appointment comes at a low point in relations between police and Black residents in Louisville. Protesters have marched for more than 100 consecutive days since police raided Taylor's home and killed her. 694

LOVELAND, Ohio -- Someone drove through the wall of a sports bar near Cincinnati early Sunday after a fight, according to another patron.The vehicle, a Kia Optima, crashed through a fence, across a patio and into the side of Zappz Sports Bar and Grille in Loveland, Ohio at about 2:30 a.m.Blake Freeman, who was at the bar, said the driver smashed into the building on purpose after being kicked out. Freeman said he arrived moments after that."I was standing there 30 minutes prior to this happening. I had left to go to a friend's house real quick, and as I'm coming back, pulling back in, he was going through the building and that's just kind of when I went in and started helping everybody," Freeman said. 723

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