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BEIJING, Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- The decision of the People's Bank of China (PBOC), the central bank, to increase the deposit reserve requirement ratio has drawn worldwide attention and fluctuations in global markets.     The PBOC decided on Tuesday to raise the deposit reserve requirement ratio by 0.5 percentage points as of Jan. 18, which analysts translated as a move to manage inflationary expectations and avoid a recurrence of the lending boom.     This was the first time that the PBOC adjusted the ratio of deposit that lenders are required to set aside since the end of 2008 and the first increase for the ratio since June 2008.     The PBOC cut the bank reserve requirement ratio four times in the second half of 2008 to stimulate growth as the global financial crisis started to weigh on the economy.     The adjustment of the reserve requirement ratio, without changing benchmark interest rates, indicated the central bank was targeting inflationary expectations instead of inflation, said Zhao Qingming, a senior researcher at the China Construction Bank.     Ma Jun, chief economist with Deutsche Bank (Great China), said that the rise in the reserve requirement ratio has ended the expansionary monetary policy and started a tightening cycle.     Global markets took a hit after the Chinese attempt to cool the world's fastest-growing major economy.     Chinese equities saw their sharpest dip in seven weeks on Wednesday after the central bank asked lenders to set aside more reserves as record bank lending last year ignited fears of inflation and asset bubbles.     The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index went down 3.09 percent, or 101.31points, to close at 3,172.66 points.     The Shenzhen Component Index lost 2.73 percent, or 364.69 points, to close at 13,016.56 points.     Hong Kong stocks shed 578.04 points, or 2.59 percent, to close at 21,748.60 on Wednesday.     The Hong Kong market was also dragged by overnight losses on the United States markets. The benchmark Hang Seng Index opened down 1.42 percent and widened its losses to 2.24 percent by lunch break, and further to 2.59 percent by market close.     South Korea's financial markets on Tuesday reacted as the Chinese central bank raised the deposit reserve requirement ratio, with the stock markets and foreign exchange rate plunging from the last close.     The benchmark Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI) and the Korean Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (KOSDAQ) jointly marked a plunge of 27.23 points and 3.65 points, respectively, from the last close.     The report from China also affected the foreign exchange market, with the local currency also sliding against the U.S. dollar by 1.9 won.     The New Zealand share market also fell on Wednesday after the Chinese move.     The share market closed 0.43 percent lower with the benchmark NZSX-50 down 14.1 points at 3,276.2.     Canadian stocks fell for the second day, weighed down by a metal and mining sector that was hit by the Chinese central bank's decision to cool economic growth.     The S&P/TSX Composite Index declined 126.94 points, or 1.06 percent, to 11,820.18 on Tuesday. Earlier the index shed 173 points to 11, 774, the lowest level this year.     U.S. stocks retreated Tuesday, with S&P falling for the first time in 2010, as disappointing Alcoa fourth-quarter results and rising U.S. trade deficit cooled optimism for a strong earnings season and a sustainable economic recovery.     Crude tumbled the most in five weeks on concerns that demand from China, the world's second-largest oil consumer, will wane as the government moves to curb lending.     Benchmark crude for February delivery fell 1.73 dollars to settle at 80.79 dollars a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange. It's the first time this year a barrel has closed below 81 dollars a barrel.     Meanwhile, analysts widely hold that the Chinese central bank's decision is to cast only a short-term, instead of mid-term, stroke on the domestic stock market, as the impact would largely be psychological.     Zhuang Jian, a senior economist with the Asian Development Bank, said the adjustment did not indicate a shift in the moderately easy monetary policy, but was an effort to control the pace of lending.     Through the reserve requirement ratio increase, the central bank intended to call for balanced lending at commercial banks, which would support economic growth while avoiding higher inflationary expectations, Zhuang said.

BEIJING, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- Chinese leaders on Friday offered their Spring Festival greetings to people across the nation at a gathering to mark the incoming Lunar New Year.President Hu Jintao, top legislator Wu Bangguo, Premier Wen Jiabao and top political advisor Jia Qinglin attended the gathering, held by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Council at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.Chinese President Hu Jintao presides over a gathering in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 12, 2010Other leaders including Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang, He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang also attended the gathering.The Spring Festival, or the Chinese Lunar New Year, is the most important traditional festival for family reunion in China. It falls on Feb. 14 this year, and the weeklong holiday kicks off Saturday, or the eve of the Spring Festival. Top Communist Party of China (CPC) and state leaders Hu Jintao (front, C), Wu Bangguo (front, 4th R), Wen Jiabao (front, 4th L), Jia Qinglin (front, 3rd R), Li Changchun (front, 3rd L), Xi Jinping (front, 2nd R), Li Keqiang (front, 2nd L), He Guoqiang (front, 1st R) and Zhou Yongkang (front, 1st L) attend a gathering in Beijing, capital of China, Feb. 12, 2010

SHANGHAI, Jan. 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao Friday called on the Chinese people to pool their strength and resources to make sure the Shanghai World Expo a success.     With just 106 days to go before the Expo opening on May 1, Hu visited the Expo site Friday during an inspection tour in Shanghai.     "Hosting the World Expo is not only a significant event of Shanghai, but also of the whole nation," he said, noting it was both the responsibility of Shanghai and the whole country to hold a successful Expo. Hu Jintao (L front), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, shakes hands with workers and personnel who work for the construction of the Shanghai World Expo park in Shanghai, east China, Jan. 15, 2010. Hu Jintao paid a visit here to inspect the preparation of Shanghai World Expo on Jan. 15    He urged Shanghai to make "all-out efforts" to efficiently complete the preparations and be a good host.     He asked central government departments and local governments to take initiative and make concerted efforts in supporting the event. Hu Jintao (C), general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, inspects the under-construction World Expo park in Shanghai, east China, Jan. 15, 2010. The Expo's organizing committee should enhance its leading role and supervision to push forward relevant preparatory work orderly, he said.     Hu put forward six requirements on the Expo's preparatory work:     - To ensure the Expo site's infrastructure building and exhibition arrangements be completed on time;     - To ensure sound service and logistics;     - Security should be fully guaranteed;     - Foreign affairs work, including receptions of international guests, must be well handled;     - To ensure efficient and effective publicity work;     - To create a civilized, happy and peaceful atmosphere.     Hu said though the Expo was a big challenge, he believed it would be a "successful, brilliant and memorable" event with the support of the Chinese people, especially the contributions of Shanghai officials and residents.     The Shanghai World Expo, which is expected to receive 70 million visitors, will last from May 1 to Oct. 31.     So far, 35 of the 42 self-built foreign pavilions have started interior decoration and exhibition arrangement, and 11 joint pavilions have been completed.

XI'AN, Feb. 6 (Xinhua) -- A high-speed railway linking central China city Zhengzhou and northwestern city Xi'an, went into operation Saturday.The 505-km Zhengzhou-Xi'an high-speed railway, the first of its kind in central and western China, cut the travel time between the two cities from former more than six hours to less than two hours, said local railway authorities Saturday.The first train left Xi'an, capital of Shaanxi Province, at 10:50 a.m. and arrived at Zhengzhou, capital of Henan Province, at 1:15 p.m., said Long Jing, head of the Xi'an Railway Bureau. With a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, the high-speed Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train coded G2004 is about to leave Xi'an for Zhengzhou in Xi'an Railway Station, northwest China's Shaanxi Province, on Feb. 6, 2010.The train traveled at 350 kilometers per hour, said Long. A total of 14 trains would be traveling between Zhengzhou and Xi'an everyday, said Long.The first train from Zhengzhou to Xi'an departed from Zhengzhou at 11:25 a.m. and arrived at Xi'an at 2:01 p.m., said Niu Jianfeng, spokesman of the Zhengzhou Railway Bureau.The Zhengzhou-Xi'an high-speed railway, included in the country's "Mid- and long-term railway network plan", has been built since Sept. 25, 2005, with a total investment of about 35.31 billion yuan (5.17 billion U.S. dollars), said Niu. With a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, a high-speed Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train is on test operation en route from Xi'an to Zhengzhou, in Tongguan, northwest China's Shaanxi Province, on Feb. 4, 2010."The Zhengzhou-Xi'an high-speed railway will meet the growing demand of of passenger and cargo transportation in central and western China, and help promote local development," said Wang Yongping, spokesman of the Ministry of Railways.Henan is one of the major grain producers of China and an emerging economic and industrial powerhouse. This most populous province in China is also a major tourist attraction with a great number of sites of historical and cultural interests. Shaanxi boasts rich cultural resources and is endowed with rich natural resources such as coal, petroluem, and natural gas.The country's total railway coverage will be more than 110,000 kilometers by 2012 and 120,000 kilometers by 2020, according to the "Mid- and long-term railway network plan"."By 2012, it will take less than eight hours to travel by train from Beijing to most provincial capitals in China," said Long.