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For those would-be investors wanting to jump into the stock market but wondering which stock to buy, legendary investor Warren Buffett has a suggestion: Try buying 500 stocks instead.“In my view, for most people, the best thing to do is own the S&P 500 index fund,” Buffett said at Berkshire Hathaway’s annual meeting in May. But what is the S&P 500, and how do you invest in one of its funds?Here’s an intro to how S&P 500 funds work, and whether one might be a good fit for your portfolio.What is the S&P 500?The S&P 500, or S&P, is a stock market index comprising shares of 500 large, industry-leading U.S. companies. It is widely followed and often considered a proxy for the overall health of the U.S. stock market.Standard & Poor’s, an American investment information service, created the index in 1957. Every quarter, its investment committee meets to review which stocks belong in the index based on each company’s market size, liquidity and group representation. Today, 505 stocks constitute the index, since some of the 500 companies have more than one class of shares.Contrary to popular belief, the stocks forming the index are not the 500 biggest U.S. companies, but they are arguably the 500 most important companies. Over .2 trillion is invested through the index, with these 505 stocks representing about 80% of the total U.S. stock market’s value.The S&P 500 is a cap-weighted index, meaning each stock within the index is weighted according to its market capitalization, or total market value (number of outstanding shares multiplied by current market price). The larger the company, the greater its influence on the index.As of Aug. 31, 2020, these are the top 10 companies by index weight in the S&P 500:Apple.Microsoft.Amazon.Facebook.Alphabet, Google’s parent company (shares in classes A and C).Berkshire Hathaway.Johnson & Johnson.Visa.Procter & Gamble.How do you invest in the S&P 500?An index is a measure of its underlying stocks’ performance, so you cannot directly invest in the index itself. Buying every company’s shares would be an arduous task (think 505 separate transactions), but thankfully there are index funds and exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, that replicate the index, effectively doing that work for you.While all S&P 500 funds track the holdings of this index, an investor must consider whether using an index fund (a passively managed mutual fund) or an ETF makes the most sense for them. The good news when weighing index funds versus ETFs is that there are solid S&P 500 options in each category, and all of these products leverage the diversity of the index itself.Because the S&P 500 is weighted by each company’s market capitalization, the larger companies in the index can sometimes have an outsize impact on the performance of the larger index. In other words, a big dip in price for Apple shares can create a dip in the index as a whole. Because of this, some investors prefer to purchase the S&P 500 in an equal-weighted format, so that each company has the same impact on the index. This is meant to create an index that is more representative of the overall U.S. market.After deciding your preference for an index fund or ETF, cap-weighted or equal-weighted, you can begin narrowing down which S&P 500 fund to purchase. To minimize your costs, look into each fund’s expense ratio — the percentage of your assets you’ll pay in fees each year — to see how they compare.Fees are important here since all of these funds track the same index, which means their returns should be roughly the same. The lower the fee, the more of that return you keep.Should you invest in the S&P 500?There are a number of things to think about before you choose any investment. But an S&P fund can generally be a good choice if you want to add broad exposure to the U.S. stock market to your portfolio.“The S&P 500 is a key part of a diversified investing strategy because it’s a good bet that the U.S. economy will continue to succeed and grow in the long term,” says Tony Molina, senior product manager at Wealthfront. The U.S. has the largest economy and stock market in the world, and is one of the most resilient and active, especially when it comes to innovation. That’s why it’s a no-brainer to include the S&P 500 as part of your portfolio.”Larger companies are generally more stable to invest in because they are well-established and widely followed. Thus, these stocks usually have less risk and lower volatility. The S&P 500 combines large companies across various industries, so investors access a broad, diversified mix of companies when investing in it.Choosing an index fund or ETF can also help investors avoid — or at least minimize — the behavioral pitfalls from stock-picking, which is a losing strategy, says Dejan Ilijevski, president of Sabela Capital Markets.Ilijevski cites the May 2018 study by professor Hendrik Bessembinder at Arizona State University, which examined investments in publicly traded U.S. stocks between 1926 and 2016 and found that just over 4% of the companies accounted for the total wealth created.“Picking those few individual winners is impossible,” Ilijevski says. “Your best bet is to own as much of the market with a fund that tracks the index.”Using index funds and ETFs can help investors generate strong returns while also minimizing their costs, says Kevin Koehler, chartered financial analyst and director of the investment strategy group at Miracle Mile Advisors in Los Angeles.“Investing in the S&P 500 the past 25 years would have given an investor over a 10% annualized return, proving that an investor does not need to be paying high expenses to get good market returns,” Koehler says.Are there drawbacks to investing in the S&P 500?There are caveats to consider. The S&P 500 consists of only large-cap U.S. stocks. Portfolio diversification encompasses buying mid- and small-cap companies along with large-caps; allocating funds to international companies along with domestic ones; and including bonds, cash and potentially other asset classes with stocks.Koehler also notes drawbacks in the S&P 500 related to its market-cap weighting.“As passive investing increases, investors are continually investing in S&P 500 funds, which has contributed to a ‘rich get richer’ problem, where the largest stocks are getting larger due to S&P 500 investing, rather than individual stock investing,” Koehler says. “This can lead to higher volatility, as active managers sell an individual stock on top of index funds selling a portion. The market could continuously be overvalued compared to its underlying value.”But relative to the downsides of many investment types, the flaws of S&P 500 funds seem relatively minor, especially when used as a part of your overall portfolio and held for the longer term. This helps explain why icons like Buffett have so publicly endorsed them.“I happen to believe that Berkshire is about as solid as any single investment can be, in terms of earning reasonable returns over time,” said Buffett at the May meeting, speaking about the investing company he’s turned into an empire. “But, I would not want to bet my life on whether we beat the S&P 500 over the next 10 years.”More From NerdWallet4 Ways Women Can Invest in Other WomenHow the Pros Ride Market Volatility — and Why You Shouldn’tIf Doing Less Means Saving More, Try These 5 Money MovesTiffany Lam-Balfour is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: tlambalfour@nerdwallet.com. 7573

FORT MYERS, Fla. (WFTX)  -- A Florida woman got creative with spare spray paint and plywood and made a sign to get the power company's attention.“I thought that all of my neighbors would get a huge kick out of it,” said Kynse Agles.She posed for a photo next to her pink sign that reads, “Hot single female seeks sexy lineman to electrify her life.”Just days before she posted the sign outside her Fort Myers home, Agles went under the knife for a kidney transplant. “My hurricane story started with a double organ transplant at Tampa General Hospital,” she said.Agles had to stay in air conditioning in order to avoid complications from her procedure. “I found a place to stay that had electricity and have been jumping from bed to couch,” she said.Then a light bulb went off in her head.“I saw a post on Facebook and I thought it was really funny and I can do it better,” she said. “I just thought maybe if a lineman got to my neighborhood they’ll laugh and hook me up first,” she added.Her sign did catch the attention of linemen. After they restored her power, they took a picture behind the sign and left a note.“Big shout-out for everyone who is working to get the power restored, because it’s so hot out there,” she said.She’s just happy not have to ride any more couches.“I haven’t slept in my bed in 20 nights, so I’m really excited to sleep tonight,” she said.Agles might even loan it to some of her other neighbors who are still without power. “My neighbor across the street doesn't have power yet, I told him he can borrow my sign later.” 1578

Fox News and ABC News report that President Trump has submitted written answers to questions posed by special counsel Robert Mueller. Trump told reporters before boarding Marine One that he finished the written answers on Monday and provided them to his lawyers, and that he expects them to submit the responses "today or soon." "The written answers are finished," Trump said. "The written answers to the witch hunt that's been going on forever."Asked whether he thought Mueller would be fair, Trump said he hopes so.The responses from the President signify a major development in the Mueller probe following months of negotiations between the special counsel's office and Trump's legal team, and could be a sign of the end stages of the investigation.But it's not yet clear whether the answers will be enough for Mueller to finish his investigation, as there could be additional questions — and the special counsel's office could still try to pursue an in-person interview with Trump.Trump and his legal team balked at some of the questions from Mueller that covered the presidential transition and Trump's time in the White House, believing those could be off limits due to executive privilege, CNN has previously reported.The questions also cover only issues related to the potential collusion investigation and not the probe into possible obstruction of justice.Once Trump submits his answers, the ball will be back in Mueller's court to decide whether to pursue additional questions, follow-ups to the President's response or an in-person interview.When Trump's legal team agreed to answer questions about collusion, they put off decisions about answering questions related to obstruction or sitting down for an interview. And Trump suggested in a recent interview with "Fox News Sunday" that those could be off the table."I think we've wasted enough time on this witch hunt and the answer is probably, we're finished," Trump told Fox's Chris Wallace when asked if he would say no to an in-person interview or providing answers on obstruction questions.If Trump's legal team rebuffs further inquiries from Mueller, it will be up to the special counsel to decide whether he has enough to finish writing his report or he needs an interview. Mueller could try to subpoena Trump for an interview, but Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein and acting Attorney General Matt Whitaker likely would need to sign off on that decision.The big looming question over the agreement for Trump to provide the written answers related to the period during the campaign is whether that satisfies Mueller's questions about the transition and inauguration. Trump's legal team was provided a list of questions in the spring that included asking about efforts during the transition to establish a back channel to Russia and a 2017 meeting in the Seychelles involving Trump ally Erik Prince, a businessman and founder of the private security company formerly known as Blackwater.The-CNN-Wire 2991

For many 5-year-old kids across the country, kindergarten is an exciting first introduction into the classroom. But this year, schools are grappling with growing COVID-19 cases and declining kindergarten enrollment numbers."In terms of our kinder cohort, we usually have about 23,000 students registered in Miami-Date County schools for kindergarten. Right now, as of this week, we have a total of 14,724 registered already for next year," said administrative director Berena Cabrera, with Miami-Date County Public Schools in Florida.Cabrera says the district is tackling a 40-percent decline in kindergarten enrollment, and other public schools across the country are dealing with a similar situation.At Visalia Unified School District in central California, kindergarten enrollment is down by 15 percent. At Poway Unified School District, near San Diego, they're seeing 5 percent less kindergarten students enrolling. Fulton County Schools in the Atlanta, Georgia area reports 12 percent less students are enrolled in kindergarten for the upcoming school year."Kindergarten is critical. It is the foundation of a successful student. And in Florida, it is mandatory for students to start kindergarten," said Cabrera.While kindergarten isn't mandatory in all states, educators agree it's an important beginning to a student's education. Rising coronavirus cases in communities combined with public schools having to tackle the virus head-on, has prompted some parents to turn to private kindergarten.Primrose Schools, which offers private daycare, preschool and kindergarten at more than 400 locations across the country, says they've seen a massive increase in interest, especially for those parents whose local districts are offering a virtual-only program this fall."Many of the working parents, obviously, they’ve got to have childcare. Where they would have had before and after school care now they're going to need full day. So, what we’ve seen is our schools responding rapidly by many of them opening up classrooms to kindergarten programs," Jo Kirchner, CEO of Primrose Schools, said.Kirchner says some of their locations are adding kindergarten classrooms to accommodate the increased interest. Their schools offer a 1:10 teacher to student ratio, plus heightened sanitation protocols."Even the parents who stay home with their children, who now find themselves virtual versus sending them to school, don’t really have the skill sets to provide the academic learning support the children need,” Kirchner said. “Kindergarteners have a fairly short attention span so distance learning is not the best environment for a kindergartner.”While kindergarten families across the country consider their options, Miami-Dade County Public Schools is converting a lot of their enrollment from paper to digital. Additionally, they're doing a big push on the district's website and social media."We’re hopeful that registration does pick up in the coming weeks. We are rolling out with a major marketing campaign, and we’re trying to let the parents know that there are staff in our schools that are registering," said Cabrera.Cabrera adds, whether kindergarten is in-person or remote learning this fall, she hopes parents will enroll their children for this crucial first start to their academic career. 3309

Five-figure signing bonuses, free housing, college tuition for employees and their children.Hospitals and other medical facilities are getting so desperate to recruit and retain nurses they're offering all sorts of pricey perks and incentives."These are some of the grandiose examples we've heard from our members," said Seun Ross, director of nursing practice and work environment at the American Nurses Association. "Who knows what employers will come up with next?"America is undergoing a massive nursing shortage. Not only are experienced nurses retiring at a rapid clip, but there aren't enough new nursing graduates to replenish the workforce, said Ross.The nation's aging population is exacerbating the problem. The American Nurses Association estimates the U.S. will need to produce more than one million new registered nurses by 2022 to fulfill the country's health care needs.UCHealth, which operates nine acute-care hospitals and more than 100 clinics across Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska, currently has 330 openings for registered nurses. Since the nonprofit health system can't find all the nurses it needs locally, it has been seeking out candidates from other states -- and sometimes other countries.To entice these new recruits, it has offered relocation allowances and signing bonuses of up to ,000, said Kathy Howell, chief nursing executive for UCHealth.UCHealth is trying to sweeten the pot in other ways, as well. It provides nurses with up to ,000 a year to invest in continuing education. And it offers the Traveler RN program, which allows nurses to do a 13-week rotation at different UCHealth facilities.Meanwhile, across the country, Inova Health System is offering candidates who have at least two years of critical care experience and live more than 50 miles from one of its six Washington, D.C.-area hospitals a ,000 sign-on bonus and up to ,000 in reimbursable relocation costs, said chief nursing officer Maureen E. Sintich. Candidates who live within 50 miles of one of Inova's hiring hospitals are offered a ,000 signing bonus.This fall, West Virginia's WVU Medicine, which operates eight hospitals in the state, will start offering tuition reimbursement for employees and their children."It's for nurses and for all of our staff who've been here for five or more years. We're also extending it for their children to fully cover their college tuition if they go to West Virginia University or partially cover tuition if they go elsewhere," said Mary Fanning, director of WVU Medicine Nursing Administration.WVU, which is currently looking to hire 200 nurses, also offers free housing to some of its nurses as part of its commuter program. The perks, it said, are aimed at both attracting new recruits and retaining existing staff.Lacy Russell, 24, applied for a job as an intensive care unit nurse with WVU after she learned about the commuter program from a friend.Under the program, nurses who live 60 to 90 miles away from WVU's hospital in Morgantown, West Virginia, are offered a free place to stay. Russell, who was hired in 2016, lives an hour and 20 minutes away from the hospital. She stays at the hospital-owned lodging during her shifts Friday through Sunday."I save so much on gas by not having to drive back and forth," she said. "I graduated from nursing school with ,000 in student debt. So this really helps."She plans to work at the hospital for at least a few more years and also take advantage of the tuition reimbursement at some point so she can continue to advance her training and skills.Did you recently go to the emergency room and receive a big bill? Tell us about it here.Bonuses and incentives may help, but hospitals have another big force working against them: The booming US economy.Periods of economic upswing aren't necessarily good for the nursing industry, said Susan Salka, CEO of AMN Healthcare, one of nation's largest providers of medical staffing services."During economic downturns, nurses stay put in their jobs and attrition dips," she said. "When the economy is booming, attrition goes up. Nurses feel more comfortable pulling back on their hours or moving ahead with their retirement decision."In two-income households, if their partner is doing well financially, some nurses feel comfortable dropping out of the workforce to take a break from a grueling job, said Salka.The American Nurses Association's Ross worries that rich bonuses and creative perks may not go far enough to retain nurses in the long run."What's to stop nurses from accepting a job because of the perks and then hop to another hospital after two years because of their perks," she said.A better approach would be to invest in improving the work environment for nurses and offering better pay, career development and hours to help make sure they don't burn out, she said."All it takes is for one nurse to tell her friend that where she works is a great place for these reasons and applications will come in," Ross said. 5015