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As health officials around the world tack COVID-19 infection rates, two universities in the U.S. have partnered with Facebook to try to predict infections with real-time survey data.Dr. Alex Reinhart, an assistant teaching professor of statistics and data science at Carnegie Mellon University and a member of the Delphi Group, says that as health officials were struggling with testing capacity in the spring, they realized they might be able to predict infections by analyzing social media."They realized that if we could know when people are experiencing symptoms, they probably experience symptoms a few days before seeing a doctor. That's probably a few days before they get test results back and so that could potentially be an early indicator," Reinhart said.The Delphi Group reached out to Facebook, which agreed to help them survey its users."Every day Facebook takes a random sample of their active users that day in the United States and internationally and invites them through a little blurb at the top of their newsfeed that says, 'you can help coronavirus research' if you take this survey, which is voluntary," Reinhart said.Once Facebook users click on the survey button, it takes them to Carnegie Mellon's page for the survey. The University of Maryland also jumped on board with the project and conducted the survey for all international Facebook users.Facebook does not receive any survey data and only refers to the interested participants to the survey links. So far, more than 30 million people have taken the survey.Dr. Frauke Kreuter, who is working with the University of Maryland in Germany on the international side, says she's not aware of another global survey on COVID-19."There are two factors globally, I would say. One, is that many countries do not have good reporting systems and so they rely even more on alternative data sources. And the other one is, you want to compare yourself to other countries, but for that you need to have kind of the same measure in each country," Kreuter said. "And that's what we're lacking with a lot of measures right now because each country does there reporting slightly different."So far, Carnegie Mellon and the University of Maryland have been able to develop heat maps showing coronavirus symptoms across the country and world. Reinhart says they've been on par with COVID-19 infection rates being reported from health officials and says the survey has helped them identify patterns when it comes to mask-wearing and infection rates."In early September, we started asking questions about mask usage and we soon found that there is a striking difference in mask usage across the country," Reinhart said. "At the time, places that had lower mask usage seemed to be having a worse time in the pandemic."Reinhart says the survey results are helping them learn more about the effects of mask mandates. Researchers are hoping to continue the survey as the pandemic evolves — for example, they hope to begin gauging users on vaccine usage and skepticism in the coming months.The data is available for anyone to view and use."It's different from what you can get from cell phone mobility data that we see people use because we get to directly ask people what they're thinking, how they're feeling, what they're experiencing," Rinehart said. "We'd like as many people as possible to discover this data and use it for their own important research questions." 3430

An influx of college financial aid applications this year means that money could run out for students who don’t file early.Due to financial strain caused by COVID-19, nearly 40% of families that didn’t previously plan to apply for federal financial aid now expect to do so, according to a recently released survey from Discover Student Loans.The federal government, states, colleges and other organizations use the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, to award financial aid. You must complete the FAFSA to be considered for financial aid.You have 21 months to submit the FAFSA for any given academic year. For the 2021-22 school year, the FAFSA opens Oct. 1, 2020, and closes June 30, 2022. But that doesn’t mean you should wait.“There is no downside to applying early, but a lot of risk in applying late,” says Manny Chagas, vice president and head of marketing and product at Discover Student Loans.Here’s why you should file the FAFSA now.Better shot at more free moneyThe sooner you submit the FAFSA, the greater your chances are of getting free aid you don’t have to repay, such as grants or scholarships.Federal Pell Grant money likely won’t run out, but other need-based aid, including that awarded through your school and state, is limited and awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. Jack Murphy, financial aid counselor at the University of Northern Iowa, named the Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant and his school’s tuition assistance grant as examples.The Federal Work-Study Program also has limited funds, so you’ll want to file the FAFSA early to take advantage of it.More time to appeal a financial aid decisionStudents and parents who are dissatisfied with their aid amounts or have a change in economic circumstances can appeal the financial aid award from their school. To do this, you need to petition your school with a financial aid appeal letter and provide evidence to support your need for more aid. If you wait too long, the aid money could run out.Those who file the FAFSA early are more likely to receive their school-based financial aid awards with their college acceptance letters. While your federal aid will be the same no matter where you attend college, you can send your FAFSA information to several schools to see which will give you the best school-based aid package. Doing so early will allow you to compare offers and appeal if necessary.If you apply for the FAFSA late, you not only risk a smaller award to begin with, but you also have less opportunity to “shop around” and submit a successful appeal letter.A quarter of parents surveyed by Discover Student Loans say they’ll appeal their financial aid decision because of previous award amounts and pandemic-induced changes in family finances. In speaking about the survey, Chagas emphasizes that there tends to be more money available early in the process, so students should make the FAFSA a priority.Murphy agrees. “Filing early makes sure you’re in the running to receive as many awards as possible,” he says. “We see students that get [aid] one year, but not the next.”They don’t lose out on aid because they no longer qualify, Murphy explains. They just waited too long.More From NerdWalletNerdWallet’s FAFSA GuideYour FAFSA Questions AnsweredWhat Are the FAFSA Requirements?Cecilia Clark is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: cclark@nerdwallet.com. 3387

An outbreak of salmonella infections linked to chicken salad has sickened 65 people in five states, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported Thursday. No deaths have been reported, but 28 people have been hospitalized.Diarrhea, fever and abdominal cramps are the symptoms of salmonella poisoning. Signs of illness usually occur within 12 to 72 hours and last for four to seven days in most cases.An investigation by the CDC and the US Department of Agriculture linked the outbreak to chicken salad produced by Triple T Specialty Meats Inc. in January and February and sold at Fareway grocery stores in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska and South Dakota. Most of the sick people are in Iowa.Triple T Specialty Meats has recalled all chicken salad sold at Fareway stores between January 4 and February 9.If consumers purchased chicken salad from Fareway but don't remember the date, they should not eat it, the CDC says. Either throw it away or return it to the store.Even if some of the chicken salad was eaten or served with no ill effects, the CDC advises throwing the rest away in a sealed bag so children or animals cannot eat it. Wash and sanitize countertops, refrigerators or freezers -- wherever the salad was stored.Because foods from animals may be contaminated with salmonella, never eat raw or undercooked eggs, poultry or meat, the CDC says.Most people recover from a salmonella infection without treatment. However, for some, the diarrhea may be so severe that hospitalization is necessary. In rare cases, an infection can lead to death unless a patient receives prompt treatment with antibiotics. 1648

An incident that began as an argument over masks led to an officer-involved shooting near Lansing, Michigan on Tuesday.A 43-year-old man from Grand Ledge was shot and killed by a police officer after a fight at a Quality Dairy store in Dimondale.Authorities say a 77-year-old man from Lansing who was wearing a mask and the 43-year-old man who wasn't wearing a mask got into an altercation.The unmasked man reportedly stabbed the masked man and fled the area. A deputy later spotted the vehicle and pulled him over.Once the man pulled over his car, police say he approached the deputy with two knives and a screwdriver.Authorities say the assailant continued to approach the deputy as she backed up, and she fired her weapon, fatally shooting the assailant.The deputy was not physically harmed and is on administrative leave.The case has been turned over to Michigan State Police.The 77-year-old man who was stabbed is reportedly stable.This story was originally published by WXYZ in Detroit. 1000

Anthony Mele was dining at a steakhouse in Southern California with his daughter on his lap when a homeless man allegedly walked up to him Wednesday and stabbed him in the neck.Jamal Jackson, 49, was arrested shortly after the attack in Ventura and has been charged with premeditated first -degree murder, the Ventura County District Attorney's Office said.Mele died the next day, but his daughter was not injured. The two men did not know each other, the Ventura Police Department said. 495