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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Commuters trying to avoid traffic along the 56 in Carmel Valley are using side streets, worrying people who live in the Pacific Highlands Ranch neighborhood."It's the worst between 7:30 and 8:30 in the morning," says longtime resident Randy M. She lives in the Portico West part of the development and says she sees cars going 50-60 miles an hour down her block every day."Sometimes, if I'm walking my dog, they'll almost run me over," she says. "So I have to be really careful."The traffic is coming from State Route 56. When that backs up, people will use Carmel Valley Road as an alternative. But that gets jammed as well, leading some drivers to turn into the neighborhood and use side streets and alleys.Making traffic worse, a half dozen schools are in the area (see map above) and all of them start between 8 and 8:40 am."It's a nightmare," says Naz Nahani, who drives her daughter to Pacific Trails Middle School every morning."When you reach this area, you're pretty much at a stand still," she says.The Carmel Valley Planning Board has held a pair of meetings about the issue. Chairman Frisco White says they're trying to find a solution."If the streets are private, we may look into blocking them from traffic during the morning," he says. They've also looked into placing no turn signs on Carmel Valley Road to discourage drivers from entering the neighborhood.Another option that White has heard would be to ask the school districts to further stagger the start times, so the traffic will be spread out over a longer period of the morning.White says the problem may get worse before it gets better, as hundreds of new apartments and homes are being built in the area.Nahani thinks the city should add more lanes to SR-56 and to Carmel Valley Road."We're planning to move closer to the school because of this," she says. 1864

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- As drugmakers race to develop a vaccine against the coronavirus, several legal questions are emerging: could the government require people to get it? Could people who refuse to roll up their sleeves get banned from stores or lose their jobs?The short answer is yes, according to Dov Fox, a law professor and the director of the Center for Health Law Policy and Bioethics at the University of San Diego.“States can compel vaccinations in more or less intrusive ways,” he said in an interview. “They can limit access to schools or services or jobs if people don’t get vaccinated. They could force them to pay a fine or even lock them up in jail.”Fox noted authorities in the United States have never attempted to jail people for refusing to vaccinate, but other countries like France have adopted the aggressive tactic.The legal precedent dates back to 1905. In a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case, Jacobson v. Massachusetts, the court ruled Massachusetts had the authority to fine people who refused vaccinations for smallpox.That case formed the legal basis for vaccine requirements at schools, and has been upheld in subsequent decisions.“Courts have found that when medical necessity requires it, the public health outweighs the individual rights and liberties at stake,” Fox said.In 2019, New York City passed an ordinance that fined people who refused a measles vaccination.That said, recent protests over face coverings show there could be significant backlash to a vaccine mandate, Fox said. Just because states have the power to do it, doesn’t mean it’s the best public policy, he added.Although states would have the authority to mandate vaccinations, there’s more doubt about whether Congress could enact a federal requirement.The most likely federal vaccination requirement would come in the form of a tax penalty, but Fox said given the current composition of the Supreme Court, a federal vaccine requirement would likely be found unconstitutional.Opponents of a federal mandate would cite the Supreme Court’s 2012 decision on the Affordable Care Act, Fox said. In that case, the justices ruled that Congress could not use its powers to regulate interstate commerce to require people to buy health insurance, even though the ACA’s individual mandate was ultimately upheld on separate grounds.That means the U.S. could have a patchwork of different vaccine requirements in different states.States that explore a vaccine requirement should only do so if the vaccine is widely and readily available, Fox said.“Otherwise you create an underclass of people who are less safe and without access to the basic means of society,” he said.States would need to allow exemptions for people with legitimate medical risks, like pregnancy, but not exemptions on religious or philosophical grounds, he said.“Religious exemptions are not constitutionally required by the First Amendment’s Free Exercise clause, provided that the vaccine mandates don’t single out religion; they’re not motivated by a desire to interfere with it,” he said.In the workplace, private employers would have a lot of flexibility to require vaccinations and fire workers who refuse them for anything but legitimate medical concerns.As long as employers show there are significant costs associated with having unvaccinated workers, they would not need to offer religious exemptions to employees, Fox said.Under the 1964 Civil Rights Act, employers are not required to accommodate religious employees if doing so would pose more than a “de minimis,” or minimal cost. 3561

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Being shot to death by a cop. The fear is real for many families who have to call 911 on their mentally ill loved ones. As part of the Team 10 Transparency Project, 10News rode along with San Diego police to understand how officers respond to mental health emergencies. 10News is examining what police say they’re doing right to de-escalate potentially deadly encounters.This October, SDPD released officer-worn camera footage that showed the moments before officers shot and killed an El Cerrito man this summer who had charged them with a shovel. His family says he was mentally ill. The family called police when he started throwing bricks at his aunt.Police say an officer deployed a Taser but it didn't have any effect on Dennis Carolino, who began to advance. The San Diego County District Attorney’s Office is still reviewing the case, but it's stories like Carolino’s that alarm local mother Cheryl Canson. One of her adult sons has Bipolar Disorder. The other son has Schizophrenia. She says both of them experience episodes of psychosis. “They're unable to identify or distinguish whether the voice is outside [their heads] or it's their own voice or a separate voice inside,” she explains.Both of Canson’s sons are now incarcerated, but she says she always worried about their interactions with police. “I don't really look at law enforcement in a bad way but they need to be trained in dealing with mentally ill people,” she adds.RELATED: Mental health program for first responders gets OK from San Diego County supervisors“I'm very proud of the training that we receive,” says SDPD Lt. Carmelin Rivera. Lt. Rivera drove 10News around Balboa Park where he says his officers meet people from all walks of life. “It's also a place [where] oftentimes we encounter individuals that have mental illness,” he adds.San Diego County PERT (Psychiatric Emergency Response Team) Director Dr. Mark Marvin rode around with 10News, too. “We are basically providing the bulk of mental health training to law enforcement in San Diego County,” he tells 10News. The region’s eleven law enforcement agencies include San Diego Police Department, Carlsbad Police Department, Chula Vista Police Department, Coronado Police Department, El Cajon Police Department, Escondido Police Department, Harbor Police Department, La Mesa Police Department, National City Police Department, Oceanside Police Department and the San Diego County Sheriff's Department.PERT teams are made up of unarmed licensed mental health clinicians and trained sworn peace officers. Together, officers and clinicians respond to 911 calls for mental health related situations. A law enforcement officer first assesses the scene for safety, followed by a clinician, who provides specialized care.“The goal is always de-escalation,” Dr. Marvin tells 10News.This year, the San Diego County District Attorney’s Office announced an initiative to fund de-escalation training for police officers. A 25-year study from the DA’s found that 79% of officer-involved shootings had some evidence of drug use or mental health concerns.RELATED: What to do in a mental health crisis“Our training philosophy is when officers or PERT clinicians are encountering people in crisis, they're not just a collection of symptoms. They're people. They have tough stories to tell and we want to know what their stories are,” adds Dr. Marvin.Lt. Rivera tells 10News, “Really, it's about coming in with the appropriate level and tone, just like anything else.”Officers are taught how to communicate and look for cues before turning to any force. Lt. Rivera adds, “It depends on a lot of factors. Are people clenching their hands? Are they not responding to basic commands? Do they have any weapons in their hands? Have threats been made?California law mandates that officers get mental health training. Some agencies like SDPD get more field training and classroom time than other agencies.Dr. Marvin says that San Diego County is well ahead of the national training curve, but breaking stigmas will take time.The National Alliance on Mental Illness has a list of recommended things to say and do if you have to call 911 on a family member or loved one who is having a mental health crisis. Click here for more.Join our Facebook group for constructive conversation around these issues. If you are a community member with questions about how the police investigate themselves or have suggestions on how officer-involved shootings or police misconduct can be prevented, we welcome you to join this group and the conversation. Follow this link to join. 4608

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As COVID-19 cases surge, Governor Gavin Newsom says he’s considering the possibility of a statewide curfew that could draw on examples from Europe and the Middle East.The restrictions could also be informed by policies in San Diego County. The state has asked San Diego County to provide information about its 10 pm mandated closure policy for restaurants, a county spokesman said.Starting Friday, Los Angeles County will enact a similar measure it’s calling a “business curfew” that will require restaurants and other non-essential businesses to close at 10 pm.“We have a lot of questions about what [a statewide curfew] looks like,” Newsom said in a press conference Monday. “Who does it impact? Who doesn’t it impact? What does a real curfew mean in terms of certain kinds of industry and business activities? That’s what we’re referring to in this space.”Newsom seemed to suggest a statewide curfew isn’t a foregone conclusion, but said he is reviewing studies on curfews in France, Germany and Saudi Arabia. He later cited Portugal as another potential example.The decision on how to craft a curfew policy will be based on data from those studies, he said.In all four countries, restrictions have changed over time and it is not clear which iterations California is reviewing. The California Department of Health declined to provide more information when contacted Tuesday.“If we have additional details, we'll let you know,” a spokesperson said via email.Under France’s old rules, restaurants and bars had to close from 9 pm to 6 am. In Germany, restaurants previously closed at 10 pm. However, many European countries announced more strict lockdown measures in October amid surging rates of transmission that include limits on movement and travel.“Where there are areas that are very high risk, do you close them off in some way to not allow the spread to the areas with lower risk? We’ve seen that across the world,” said San Diego State University epidemiologist Dr. Eyal Oren.Under France’s new month-long lockdown, police ticket people who do not carry written permission justifying their need to leave home for a valid reason. Valid reasons include going to work, buying groceries, getting medical help or taking a child to schoolFrench citizens are allowed outside to exercise for one hour a day.In most of Portugal, shops close at 10 pm, restaurants close at 10:30 pm and people have to be in their homes by 11 pm with limited exceptions.On Saturdays and Sundays, the restrictions take effect even earlier: people have to stay home starting at 1 pm. There are also police checkpoints limiting travel between cities.Restrictions in Saudi Arabia have eased as the country prepares to host the G20 summit, but from March until late June the kingdom imposed a series of curfews that significantly limited movement.At times, police enforced a so-called “24-hour nationwide curfew.” Under this policy, people were only allowed outside their homes from 6 am until 3 pm for essential purposes like getting medicine, food or supplies. Individuals who left home were required to stay within their specific neighborhood; they were prohibited from traveling to other parts of a city.“Areas can be cordoned off to restrict transmission and that can work,” Dr. Oren said. “The degree to which people want to have the government do that is a whole different kind of question.”Dr. Oren said studies have shown links between curfews and lower case rates, but he says compliance and enforcement of those policies can be challenging.Many European countries paired their restrictions with big financial assistance programs to make them more popular. In Saudi Arabia, the kingdom covered 60 percent of employee salaries in the private sector and made healthcare free for everyone in the country.If the upcoming restrictions in Los Angeles County are any indicator, California’s statewide curfew could be very similar to restrictions already in place in San Diego County. But Dr. Oren said there would still be one significant difference: messaging.“I do think some of the words we’ve been using have become kind of stale,” he said, referring to phrases like stay-at-home orders.Simply labeling a policy as a “curfew” might help change the public’s perception of the dangers of the pandemic, he said. 4319

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Coronavirus vaccine trials are underway, but it's unlikely you'll be able to get one before next year.ABC 10News spoke with Dr. Anthony Fauci, the Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, about the next steps in the battle against the Coronavirus.Team 10 investigative reporter Adam Racusin asked Dr. Fauci when a safe and effective vaccine will be available."Well, Adam, we're hoping that's going to be as we get toward the end of this calendar year late fall early winter," he said. "In the United States, two candidates have already started a phase three trial. They started last week on July 27."Fauci said in the next few months, other companies will be getting into a phase three trial."We hope, and I think we can be cautiously optimistic about this, that we will have a safe and effective vaccine by the end of the year, beginning of 2021," he said. "There's never a guarantee Adam, and that's why you do the trials, and the phase three trials are about 30,000 people."Dr. Fauci explained that the government has invested hundreds of millions of dollars - if not billions on vaccine production even before they know if it will work. So, if it is valid, in early 2021, there could be tens of millions of doses ready to go.As for who'd get it first, Fauci said they have committees that advise the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They're also adding an extra layer of individuals from the National Academy of Medicine to complement that decision."The prioritization is usually for those who would benefit the most and need it the most such as health care providers, those who are vulnerable, the elderly, those with underlying conditions including minority individuals who we know disproportionately suffer much more both in infection rate and in serious consequences," Fauci said.But even if the vaccine is approved, the speed at which it'll be done makes some people cautious and even uncomfortable. Others have indicated they are against any vaccine."We're having what's called community engagement and community involvement," Fauci said. "This has been very successful when we had interventions during the earlier years of HIV/AIDS when there was some skepticism in the community about safety and efficacy in drugs. So we're going to get community leaders to help us get out there and be very transparent in outreaching to the various communities, including minority communities, that may have some skepticism to getting vaccinated."The vaccine is months away at a minimum, yet positive cases are still rising in some communities.Dr. Fauci said what's concerning to him is the capability of the virus to be efficient in how it spreads from person to person."We've got to take it seriously," he warned.Team 10 investigator Adam Racusin asked Fauci, while the country is waiting for a vaccine, does he believe school-aged kids should be physically in school.“Well, I think they should be what we call an overriding default position,” Fauci said. “That it is better, and we should try to the best of our ability to get the children back to school because of the deleterious effects to the children when they’re not in school and the ripple effects to parents of having to stop work to take care of them. However, and I underline the ‘however,’ this should not be sacrificing the health, the welfare or the safety of the children as well as the teachers.”He continued, “So we live in a big country, and you’ve got to realize that there are some areas locally where the infection is so low that you can get the kids back to school, no problem. You’ve got to be realizing and flexible that there are some areas of the country where the infection activity is so high that locally the individual people responsible may have to make the decision either to not get the kids back to school or to do it in a way that safeguards the children’s health by hybrid between online and in-person, physical separation, indoor-outdoor, morning afternoon. There are a lot of ways to do that. We have to be flexible. It’s not one size fits all with getting the children back to school.”To learn more about the clinical trials or to volunteer: https://www.coronaviruspreventionnetwork.org/ 4244

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