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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In just days, Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine will go before a key group of scientific advisers to the Food and Drug Administration, and a San Diego doctor will be part of the process to cast an important vote.Dr. Mark Sawyer, an infectious disease specialist at Rady Children’s Hospital, will serve as a voting member of the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee or VRBPAC when the body meets Dec. 10 to publicly vet Pfizer’s COVID-19 candidate.Dr. Sawyer is also a professor of clinical pediatrics at UC San Diego. He has served before on this outside advisory committee to the FDA, but the stakes have never been so high.“I mean this is a tough decision,” he said in an interview Friday. “We're weighing the benefit of a vaccine against the risks. And with any new product, we don't know the risks and we have to estimate based on the data we have.”Dr. Sawyer said he received Pfizer’s full Phase 3 data Friday morning, making him one of the first Americans outside the FDA to see the full details of the company’s large-scale clinical trial. The FDA is expected to release the data to the general public by Tuesday, two days before the public meeting.Sawyer will be one of about 20 outside vaccine experts from around the country on VRBPAC. The FDA hasn’t yet released a full roster of the doctors and scientists who will take part. The independent advisory committee will hear comments from Pfizer and the FDA and listen to public input before voting on whether to recommend emergency authorization.The marathon meeting is expected to last up to nine hours.“The FDA counts on this advisory committee to be an independent group of people who are looking at the same information they looked at and asking us what our concerns are, or whether we reached the same conclusion that their staff have reached,” he said.The meeting comes on the heels of a study by Pew Research that found lingering skepticism of the vaccine. Just 60% of Americans planned to get vaccinated as of the survey released Monday.“I do think that's going to change once this committee meets and the data is made public and we can all talk together as a community about what we know about the safety, and what we don't know, frankly,” he said.Dr. Sawyer was a member of VRBPAC for four years and briefly served as the acting chair in 2017.The committee meets a few times each year to make recommendations on the annual flu vaccine and other drugs.The committee’s vote is not binding. The job of the outside advisers is to issue a recommendation and the FDA can overrule them, but the agency rarely does. From 2003 to 2019, VRBPAC made 105 recommendations. The agency fully implemented 84% of VRBPAC’s recommendations and partially implemented 10%, according to Union of Concerned Scientists.That means when the committee votes Thursday, it’ll carry a lot of weight. The FDA is expected to announce its final decision shortly after the vote, possibly within hours.Dr. Sawyer said the advisers will make a decision following the process they traditionally do, based on all the knowns and unknowns. “And we’re going to weigh that against what we're going through right now,” he said. “Our hospitals are getting overwhelmed. Our ICUs are getting full.”“We really need to do something to intervene and the vaccine is the best thing we've got going,” he added. 3369

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - If you couldn't work, how far could you go without a paycheck? No one is immune to an unexpected injury or illness, and the financial hit can be devastating. The Social Security Administration (SSA) reports that one in four of today's 20-year-olds will become disabled for 90 days or more before retirement age. Having a plan for the long term can relieve a lot of stress if the unexpected does happen.One option is disability insurance; there's short-term and long-term. Disability insurance pays a portion of your income if you are suddenly unable to work because of illness, injury, or accident.You can get coverage through an employer or buy it from an insurer. According to State Farm, long-term disability insurance:Pays monthly income directly to you when you're unable to work because of a covered total disability.You choose the length of time you must be disabled before you start receiving benefits (Elimination Period) and the length of time you would receive benefits.Options include a five-year benefit period or a "to age 67" benefit option.Maximum monthly benefit amounts range from 0 to ,000, based on your income and occupation. You can customize your coverage with different riders.While different factors affect the cost, the annual price for a long-term disability insurance policy generally ranges from 1% to 3% of your annual income.According to the Council for Disability Awareness, 34.6 months is the duration of the average long-term disability claim.The nonprofit helps prepare people for unexpected injury through its five-step financial plan to give you a clearer understanding of your financial "big picture," including:Your sources of income, monthly expenses, and lifestyleThe impact a long-term disability could have on themPreparing a plan of action to address the crisisResources after life-changing disabilityMost people never expect a life-changing disability will happen to them, including San Diego resident Kat Blue. Blue was rear-ended at a red light on Feb. 1, 2018, and had previous head injuries before that."This one resulted in a concussion that just never went away," said Blue.A few weeks after the accident, Blue realized she could barely complete simple tasks like writing an email or talking on the phone. She suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI), which would change her life forever. She constantly deals with nausea, dizziness, tetanus, and migraines. Blue has struggled to navigate the healthcare system and because she cannot work is constantly seeking resources so she can remain in San Diego."You have to advocate for yourself because there's no one within the system who is going to do it for you," said Blue. Blue says she does not have the resources to relocate and says San Diego offers a lot of support for TBI survivors. She's relied on Medicaid for medical care, which has helped with resources like a nurse care manager, but she says there are holes in the system."I'm still fighting to get a TBI specialist, I'm still trying to get a lot of the treatments and specialists and therapies that I believe could help me," said Blue. The San Diego County Health & Human Services Agency is ready to help San Diegans whose incomes have been impacted by an unexpected disability:CalFresh: Food assistance:Medi-Cal: Free or low-cost health coverage for children and adults with limited income and resources. If you qualify, you can enroll in Medi-Cal year-round.CalWORKS: Public assistance program that provides cash aid and services to eligible families that have a child(ren) in the home."You may not need our benefits today, but in the future, if you do we're here, and we encourage everyone to apply," said Rick Wanne, Director of Eligibility for the County of San Diego Health & Human Services Agency.Wanne says the County also has a close relationship with 211. "211 is a great resource for a number of reasons, they can provide general information over the phone about a whole variety of resources here in San Diego, additional food assistance, housing resources, where to find a local medical provider," said Wanne. Wanne said in addition to what the County offers many local nonprofits and other entities provide help.Blue says she's found the following resources helpful when advocating for herself:Legal AidCalifornia Department of Rehabilitation (DOR)Disability Rights CaliforniaBlue says she's also taken advantage of recreation opportunities through Sharp, some of which are free. Sharp also offers support groups for people with various disabilities. Another program that's been instrumental in Blue's recovery is Love Your Brain Yoga, a free program for TBI survivors. "A good part of my day is spent just trying to feel better, just trying to get well enough to do what I need to do that day," said Blue.Blue remains hopeful she'll get the care needed for her healing and says she'll continue to do everything possible to stay in the city she calls home. 4971

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Lifeguards are responding after several people got stuck while hiking above Blacks Beach. The three hikers could be seen in video just below the Torrey Pines Gliderport. It appeared the hikers didn't know whether to go up or down the cliff. At this time, it's unknown if anyone is inured. Sky10 is live over the cliffs. Watch the live stream in the player below:  416

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- It's a question some are grappling with as COVID-19 cases surge across the country.In June, a woman posted a picture of a San Diego barista on Facebook with the caption "Meet Lenen from Starbucks who refused to serve me cause I'm not wearing a mask. Next time I will wait for cops and bring a medical exemption."Someone started a GoFundMe for the Starbucks barista who went viral and has raised 0,000 in donations.Also last month, a woman went on a tirade after being asked to wear a face covering in a Trader Joe's store in North Hollywood.There's no shortage of stories about public debates over face masks.RELATED: New UCSD finding: Wearing masks significantly curbs spread of COVID-19In California, people are required to wear face coverings in most indoor settings and outdoors when physical distancing isn't possible.According to a Pew Research Center study conducted in early June, "Overall, 65% of U.S. adults say that they have personally worn a mask in stores or other businesses all or most of the time in the past month, while 15% say they did this some of the time. Relatively small shares of adults say they hardly ever (9%) or never (7%) wore a mask in the past month, and 4% say they have not gone to these types of places."Reporter Adam Racusin spoke with two doctors in different parts of California to get their take on masks."The primary purpose of wearing a face covering is to protect other people in case you're one of the probably significant number of people who are shedding the virus and not have symptoms," said Dr. Dean Winslow, a professor of medicine at the Stanford University Medical Center.Winslow said the risk of coming into contact with the virus is higher when in indoor settings.RELATED: Some San Diegans push for end of San Diego County face mask requirement"Historically, the major outbreaks we've seen we know where the point source is, and have almost always been indoors," he said."Eventually, the people around us, how healthy they are, is going to come back to haunt us," said Dr. Jyotu Sandhu, Family Medicine, Sharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group. "So we need to look at mitigating the risk for everybody, and masks – regardless of the type – can reduce the risk of spread.”Sandhu said the goal is to lessen or reduce the spread of COVID-19."They (people) want to hear a black or white answer, are masks good, or are they not good, are they protecting me? Are they not protecting me? And it's really a gray area," he said. "They are protecting you, but they are not 100 percent preventative."So, what's behind the decision not to wear a mask, and what are people thinking?RELATED: 8 mask hacks to follow rules while staying comfortable"What we're talking about is the curtailing of folks’ freedom," said Dr. Saurabh Gupta with Southern Californian Psychology Centers.Gupta said some of the factors influencing decisions are world experience, how people see their political leaders, and social responsibility."It's worth looking at people on kind of a spectrum," he said. "So there's some people who really appreciate the mask and recognize that their social responsibility dictates, they really care about other people, they want to make sure that if inadvertently they are infected they don't want to pass it on to anyone, gosh they would feel terrible about that. Then you have folks on the other end who just don't want their freedom curtailed in any way. They don't want to be told what to do, and to cover their face feels very personal. And then you have folks everywhere in between in that spectrum. They will say, alright, I'll put up with this if I have to, but as soon as I don't have to or I'm not being told to it's coming off because I don't like it on my face.”In a UCSD campus-released article titled "To wear a mask or not, is not the question; Research indicates it's the answer," Chemistry Nobel Laureate and UCSD Professor Mario Molina shows the data does not lie.A pivotal point of the study was when they looked at the numbers in Italy and New York after their respective mask mandates went into effect on April 6, 2020, and April 17, 2020. It was only then that the spread of viral air particles slowed drastically. 4211

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It's already been one year since the San Diego Zoo Safari Park saw the first southern white rhino born through artificial insemination arrive at its park.Edward turned one-year-old on July 28, celebrating with a party at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park’s Nikita Kahn Rhino Rescue Center with his mother Victoria, 8-month-old female calf Future, and her mother Amani."Even though he doesn’t know it’s his birthday, it is very special to see Edward – a healthy, robust rhino - running around, enjoying his special treats," said Barbara Durrant, director of Reproductive Sciences at San Diego Zoo Global. "We aren’t just celebrating his birthday but also are celebrating the significance of his birth."Edward was born last year after hormone-induced ovulation and artificial insemination with frozen semen from southern white rhino Maoto on March 22, 2018. Victoria gave birth 16 months later. Edward's birth was the zoo's first successful attempt to birth a southern white rhino via artificial insemination and a critical step toward recovering its distant cousin, the northern white rhino. Currently, only two northern white rhinos exist in the world and both are female.Researchers believe that a northern white rhino calf could be born from artificial insemination within 10 to 20 years. 1313

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