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AUSTIN, Texas (AP) — Oscar-winning actor Matthew McConaughey will join the University of Texas as a professor who this fall will teach in the university's Department of Radio-Television-Film.McConaughey has been a visiting instructor at the flagship campus in Austin since 2015 and the university said in a statement Wednesday that the appointment recognizes his "outstanding work as a teacher and mentor."He will continue teaching a Script to Screen film production class for which he developed the course curriculum.The university says McConaughey is respected for his "willingness to work with students beyond the classroom."McConaughey earned a film degree from the school in 1993. He's appeared in more than 50 films, including "Dazed and Confused," ''The Wolf of Wall Street" and "Dallas Buyers Club," for which he won an Oscar and Golden Globe for his leading role. 880

At least five Marines assigned to the prestigious ceremonial Silent Drill Platoon in Washington were placed in pretrial confinement in recent days due to allegations they were involved in hazing at least one Marine at the unit, according to three defense officials.Hearings that took place this week resulted in one Marine being released from confinement but all could still face charges as the Naval Criminal Investigative Service has taken over the matter.The number of alleged victims has not been made public but the allegations came to light when one Marine came forward. Officials say a video had been made allegedly showing some Marines hitting at least one other Marine. It is not publicly known if that victim is the Marine who came forward.The platoon is a 24-man rifle unit that performs a drill exhibition largely in silence. It was founded in 1948 and performed for presidents and top officials as well as communities around the country tossing and spinning 10-pound M1 rifles with fixed bayonets.Multiple performances of the drill team were canceled in recent weeks due to the ongoing investigation, according to officials. The Marines did not publicize the reason for those cancellations or which performances were affected. The Marines said they began an investigation immediately at the unit, before turning it over the NCIS.The unit and the Marines are well known in the Washington community where they reside. In September they gained attention when several Marines ran to a nearby apartment complex to help rescue elderly residents when it caught fire. 1580

As wildfires rage across the western part of the country, firefighters are doing their best to contain the flames and prevent further devastation. Most of the fires are burning in areas that haven't seen a wildfire in a long time, making the loss of life and land even worse."It's been difficult. This is becoming all too common. Another record-breaking, severe, unprecedented fire season here in Colorado. And this was the largest forest fire in the White River National Forest history," said Forest Supervisor Scott Fitzwilliams, speaking about the Grizzley Creek Fire. Fitzwilliams says not all wildfires cause complete destruction. In fact, many provide some crucial ecological benefits. Take the big horn sheep who live in the forest. "Their defense mechanism is those big eyes on the sides of their heads so they can see predators coming. And so, they will abandon a habitat when there's too many trees and too much brush and so in many areas of the canyon, this fire improved big horn sheep habitat," said Fitzwilliams.The Grizzly Creek Fire also burned the top of a canyon, helping the habitat for elk and deer. A silver lining to the Grizzley Creek Fire, which also charred creeks that provide drinking water for an entire town in Colorado and was unexpectedly slowed by an early snowfall in the area.At Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks in Central California, fire officials conduct what they call "prescribed burns.""A prescribed burn is literally us giving a prescription to the forest," said Mike Theune, Fire Information Officer for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Prescribed burns are slow and steady, clear out unnecessary brush and naturally revitalize a forest, he says.Theune and Fitzwilliams say, for more than 80 years, fire services across the country used to put out any and all fires, even if they occurred naturally, such as from lightning."[In the] early 1900s when forest service came into view and smokey bear and we thought we needed to put out all the fires and we did. And we did a great job of it and Smokey Bear was the best spokesperson we could ever ask for but what that did is significantly change the landscape as far as the density of vegetation," said Fitzwilliams."We need to restore that ecosystem to what those natural levels are and one of the ways we can do it is through a very measured and very managed scientifically based approach to prescribed burning," said Theune.Theune says not all national forests in the country need prescribed burns as there are some states that deal with too many forest fires. National parks and forests officials say it's important to evaluate each individual ecosystem's needs in order to preserve their beauty for years to come. 2730

As questions arise over when a coronavirus vaccine should be granted FDA approval, the leaders of several major pharmaceutical companies announced they have signed a pledge not to rush the development of a vaccine.The companies, AstraZeneca, BioNTech, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson, Merck, Moderna, Novavax, Pfizer and Sanofi, released a joint statement on Tuesday confirming the pledge.The pledge includes the following points:Always make the safety and well-being of vaccinated individuals our top priority.Continue to adhere to high scientific and ethical standards regarding the conduct of clinical trials and the rigor of manufacturing processes.Only submit for approval or emergency use authorization after demonstrating safety and efficacy through a Phase 3 clinical study that is designed and conducted to meet requirements of expert regulatory authorities such as FDA.Work to ensure a sufficient supply and range of vaccine options, including those suitable for global access.There has been pressure on both the FDA and manufactures to develop and approve a vaccine for the coronavirus. There have been more than 190,000 coronavirus-related deaths in the US since March, and the economic impact of the virus has cost millions of jobs.While most developed countries have not had the same public health pain as the US, the economic impact of the virus has been felt worldwide. The International Monetary Fund estimates a nearly 5% loss in global GDP in 2020.In Russia, the country claimed to begin distributing a coronavirus vaccine despite US-based vaccine candidates likely being months away from being able to demonstrate efficacy.The pressure domestically has also ratcheted up as President Donald Trump has suggested a vaccine could be ready by this fall’s presidential election."We're going to have a vaccine very soon... maybe even before a very special date, you know what date I'm talking about,” Trump said on Monday.In late August, the CDC told states to begin to prepare distributing a vaccine by Nov. 1. But Surgeon General Jerome Adams said that just because states will be ready to help distribute a vaccine on Nov. 1 does not mean a vaccine will be ready by then."We've always said that we're hopeful for a vaccine by the end of this year or the beginning of next year,” Adams told Good Morning America."We want to make sure states are available to distribute it," he added.The companies signing on the pledge said that the FDA has strict protocols for vaccine candidates. A typical vaccine trial takes one to three years, but the companies believe only a safe and effective vaccine will be granted approval.“FDA has established clear guidance for the development of COVID-19 vaccines and clear criteria for their potential authorization or approval in the US,” the companies wrote in the pledge. “FDA’s guidance and criteria are based on the scientific and medical principles necessary to clearly demonstrate the safety and efficacy of potential COVID-19 vaccines. More specifically, the agency requires that scientific evidence for regulatory approval must come from large, high quality clinical trials that are randomized and observer-blinded, with an expectation of appropriately designed studies with significant numbers of participants across diverse populations.” 3296

As the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, researchers say it is important to track how the coronavirus mutates because it could affect the efficacy of a vaccine.Like all living cells, viruses evolve their chemical make-up changes. In viruses like the flu, that happens frequently, which is why every year there is a new vaccine to treat whatever strain is expected to circulate. With COVID-19, however, those mutations happen much slower, according to research out of Arizona State University.“One of the things we’re still keeping an eye on is the evolution of this virus because that virus is still around in the community,” said Dr. Efrem Lim, an assistant professor at ASU. “Everyone is coming in blind to this. This is a novel virus. This isn’t something we have seen before.”In March, Arizona State University played host to our country’s fourth COVID-19 case. As soon as it was detected, Dr. Lim started studying how the virus mutates and sent his findings to the World Health Organization. It's something that still continues to this day.“This virus, overall, mutates pretty slowly, which is a good thing,” said Dr. Lim. “However, we can have instances where the virus can have very large, dramatic, mutations, such as deletions in the genome.”While rare, Dr. Lim says those mutations can be significant as it changes how the virus acts inside the body.Currently, scientists are focusing much of their efforts on identifying ways to eliminate the function of the spike protein in COVID-19, as it is the way the virus binds to our cells and infects them (spike proteins are the stalks that protrude from the center of the virus that make it so recognizable).“It is very good news that the virus is not changing rapidly,” said ASU virologist Dr. Brenda Hogue. “We will have to see over time, as the virus continues to circulate, as we put a vaccine into play, whether or not there will be any issues.”Dr. Lim says right now there does not appear to be any issues because the virus mutates slowly, but he adds it could adapt to a vaccine once one begins to circulate.He says more testing needs to be done to determine that, however. 2140

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