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BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. political rhetoric has recently been obsessed with the exchange rate of the renminbi. President Barack Obama has indicated on several occasions that he would take a tougher stance on this issue in order to address trade imbalances between his country and China.But does the renminbi hold the key to this issue? What are the backstage calculations behind those demands from Washington?RENMINBI A WRONG TARGETWhile addressing Democratic senators early this month, Obama said the issue of renminbi exchange rate must be addressed to ensure that American products will not be put into a huge competitive disadvantage given the fact that China is going to be one of America's biggest markets.In an interview with Businessweek on Feb. 10, Obama said he and Chinese leaders are going to have some "very serious negotiations" on the renminbi issue.Supporters of Obama include economists such as Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. Those experts say China's huge trade surplus is a result of an undervalued renminbi. Appreciation of the Chinese currency, in their view, would re-balance China's international trade.However, the validity of such argument is questionable.The Japanese yen, for example, has been appreciated enormously against the U.S. dollar over the past 40 years. Yet Japan's trade surplus with the United States has been continuously on the increase over the same period.The case with the Japanese yen has clearly demonstrated that international payment is not necessarily entirely linked to currency exchange rates. International trade balance is rather determined by international division of labor and product competitiveness.Stephen King, chief economist of the HSBC bank, said it is unreasonable to simply attribute China's big trade surplus to an undervalued currency. China's high savings rate is a more important factor in this respect, he told Xinhua.Nobel Prize laureate Andrew Michael Spence shared King's argument."Reducing the surplus in China involves deep structural change, much as reducing the U.S. deficits does. China's high savings are embedded in the structure of the economy," Spence wrote in Jan. 21's Financial Times.Without structural change, an appreciation of the renminbi might well lead to continued high savings and slow economic growth in China, rather than to a reduction of China's trade surplus, he wrote.International Monetary Fund (IMF) chief economist Olivier Blanchard believes that renminbi appreciation is not a solution for the U.S. economy.According to an IMF model, the American GDP will grow by 1 percent when the renminbi appreciates by 20 percent and other major Asian currencies also appreciate by a similar margin, he told Xinhua."This would be good news for U.S. growth. But this is clearly not enough, by itself to sustain growth in the United States," said Blanchard.World Bank chief economist and Vice President Justin Yifu Lin also said that the appreciation of the renminbi will not solve the problem of trade imbalance between China and the United States. On the contrary, such a move might damage both economies.CHINA BASHING NOT HELPFULObama has frequently attacked China over the renminbi issue in recent months. His motives are thought-provoking.In an article titled "Obama bashes China in order to win midterm elections," Japanese weekly Choice pointed out that after one year in office, the U.S. president now faces a sharp drop in approval ratings, a double-digit unemployment ratio and the loss of Democratic "supermajority" in the Senate.Trying to win the midterm elections under such circumstances, Obama had moved toward a "China-bashing" policy since the end of last year, including imposing high tariffs on Chinese products and pressuring China on renminbi exchange rate.But the truth is China has become the largest victim of U.S. trade protectionism since the outbreak of the global financial crisis.According to statistics released by the United States International Trade Commission, there were roughly 50 trade remedy cases filed by the United States between January and November 2009, half of which targeted China.At the end of last year, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua that some foreign countries kept asking China to appreciate its currency while using various protectionist measures against China. Their real motive was to contain China's growth, he said.Wen reiterated that China will never yield to external pressures on the exchange rate issue.In essence, a country's exchange rate policy is a matter of sovereignty.During a meeting with a visiting delegation of U.S. Chamber of Commerce in May 2005, Wen made it clear that the reform of renminbi's exchange rate was a sovereign right of China, and that every country had the right to choose a foreign exchange system compatible to its own national conditions and a reasonable exchange rate level.Wen said China would obey the rules of a market economy, but would never give in under foreign pressure.Any foreign pressure or attempt to manipulate the issue via news media represented a politicization of economic issues, which was unhelpful, the premier added.George Gilder, founder of Discovery Institute, said that it is neither realistic nor helpful for the United States to raise the renminbi exchange rate issue again with China.Pieter Bottelier, former chief of the World Bank's Resident Mission in China, told Xinhua that China and the United States share broad common interests.A prosperous, stable and strong China is in the interests of the United States and vice versa, said Bottelier. The two nations need to settle their differences through various dialogue mechanisms, he added.In recent years, China has been making efforts to balance international. The renminbi has been steadily appreciated against the U.S. dollar and the euro.Between July 2005, when China began its renminbi exchange rate reform, and the end of 2009, the value of the renminbi has appreciated by 21.21 percent against the U.S. dollar and up by 2.21 percent against the euro.Under such circumstances, China has been the fastest growing export market for the United States in recent years.In 2009, U.S. exports to China amounted to 77.4 billion dollars, accounting for an increasingly larger share in the country's total exports.During the same period, U.S. trade deficits with China dropped by 16 percent year-on-year.In the Asian financial crisis of late 1990s, China won worldwide applause for keeping a stable exchange rate of the renminbi.In the ongoing global financial crisis, while the world's major currencies all lost value, China has remained committed to a responsible renminbi exchange rate policy and has made significant contributions to the recovery of the global economy.Many experts familiar to China-U.S. trade pointed out that in order to achieve trade balance, the United States should take positive and concrete steps, such as increasing hi-tech exports to China and allowing Chinese firms to acquire shares in U.S. financial and technology sectors.

BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese political advisor said here Thursday that it was "groundless" that some foreign media reports alleged China had hidden part of defense budget.Jia Yong, a member of the National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), made the remarks when commenting on some foreign media reports that part of China's military expenditure might have gone hidden as the country's defense budget growth slowed to 7.5 percent this year.Speaking on the sidelines of the ongoing annual session of the CPPCC National Committee, the top political advisory body, Jia called such reports were merely meant to draw more attention.China publishes the national defense white paper every two years, which is more detailed in military expenditure than many other countries, Jia said.The per capita defense budget of China is the lowest among the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, and the country has dispatched the most servicemen and police officers for peacekeeping missions, Jia said.The Chinese government revealed last week that the country plans to increase its defense budget by 7.5 percent in 2010, compared with last year's 14.9 percent, to 532.115 billion yuan (about 78 billion U.S. dollars).

KUNMING, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu has called for more efforts to fight Yunnan's worst drought in 60 years when visiting the province in southwestern China.He urged local authorities to ensure water supply for urban and rural residents and for agricultural uses.He also asked local authorities to take more measures to limit the spread of forest fires.Hui visited several rural households to know if they had enough water. He also inspected affected crops, reservoirs and forests during his visit to Yunnan from Wednesday to Friday.Yunnan's drought has resulted in water shortages for locals, livestock and crops.The dry spell started in the autumn 2009 and has also hit neighboring Guizhou Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The seriousness, duration, areas affected and losses are rarely seen in history, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) said late Friday in a statement on its website.The ministry urged all affected regions to "take all possible means" to minimize the damages of the drought.The ministry also asked local civil affairs authorities of the four hardest-hit regions to report, on a 10-day basis, the number of people affected by the drought, people suffering from drinking water shortage, and people in need of government aid.

CHENGDU, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- Two giant pandas in the United States will fly back home in the southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan next week, according to local officials.Tai Shan, a 4-and-a-half-year-old male panda born at the National Zoo of Washington D.C., and Mei Lan, a 3-year-old female panda born at Zoo Atlanta, will arrive in Chengdu Feb. 5 after a 14-hour journey from Washington.Experts from the two zoos will escort the two giant pandas back to China.Tai Shan, who was born in July 2005 and raised up in the National Zoo, will return to the Ya'an Bifeng Gorge Breeding Base of Wolong National Nature Reserve.Tai Shan was supposed to get back to China at the age of two. The Chinese government agreed to postpone its return twice in 2007 and 2009 at the request of the National Zoo, where millions of people visited him.Tai Shan's father Tian Tian, 13, and mother Mei Xiang, 12, are also due to return December next year.Mei Lan will return to the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.Mei Lan was born in September 2006. Her parents Lun Lun and Yang Yang arrived in Atlanta in November 1999.There are now 13 Chinese giant pandas living in four zoos in the United States.Giant pandas, known for being sexually inactive, are among the world's most endangered animals.There are about 1,600 giant pandas living in China's wild, mostly in Sichuan and the northwestern provinces of Shaanxi and Gansu. Another 290 are in captive-breeding programs worldwide, mainly in China.

JINAN, Feb. 22 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese vocational school said Monday it has got bored with the repeated reports carried by the New York Times insisting that it was a source of the Google cyber attacks."The reports are too boring, simply unfounded and politically orientated," Li Zixiang, Party chief of the privately-run Lanxiang Vocational School (Lanxiang) in east China's Shandong Province, told Xinhua."We really do not want to read such reports again. If the reporter still has doubts, I invite him to come to our school to talk with us personally," he said.The New York Times has filed two reports recently claiming the cyber attacks on Google and other American firms last year have been traced to Shanghai Jiaotong University (SJTU) and Lanxiang.Google said last month that it might pull out of the Chinese market, citing it services had been hacked by sources originating in China and that it disagreed with some Chinese government policies.In the latest report, the New York Times insisted that Lanxiang had ties with the Chinese military as it was founded on land donated by the army and had sent graduates to join the army."We had indeed used abandoned barracks for teaching venues when our school was founded in 1984, but the barracks were not a 'donation' because we must pay rent regularly for it," Li said."We have already moved out of the old barracks and built our own new teaching buildings," he said.Currently, Lanxiang has more than 20,000 students learning vocational skills such as cooking, auto repair and hairdressing."Like any other country, our school graduates can join the army if they so wish. But you cannot say a school has a military background just because some of its graduates are servicemen," Li said.

来源：资阳报