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WELLINGTON, May 24 (Xinhua) -- New Zealand researchers have found a way to stop the growth of certain cancer tumors by " silencing" a group of PAX genes, members of a small family of genes that play important roles in embryonic development, but also allow cancer cells to grow and divide in adult tissue.In an article published in UK medical journal Oncogene, Otago University Professor Michael Eccles and colleagues revealed how they used the PAX8 gene to kill cancer cells.After detecting high levels of PAX8 protein in the majority of kidney, ovarian and thyroid cancers they studied, the researchers used molecular techniques to silence the PAX8 gene in several cancer cell lines."We found that these PAX8-depleted cancer cells ceased growing and dividing. The cells were essentially stopped in their tracks through the failure of multiple mechanisms and pathways crucial to their cell division cycle. They then entered into a state called senescence in which they no longer divided, and after that they ultimately died," Eccles said in a statement from the university Tuesday.The findings suggested that PAX8 could be a good target for the development of new cancer therapies, he said."Any resulting drugs would be a long way down the road, but in the meantime this research helps confirm that a focus on PAX genes may prove to be a fruitful line of attack against a number of cancers," he said.The research was supported by grants from the Health Research Council of New Zealand. It formed the main piece of work carried out by Otago doctoral graduate Caiyun (Grace) Li, now a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University. Study co-authors also included Professor Antony Braithwaite and master's student Jen Nyman.In 2003, research led by Eccles discovered that proteins from one or more of the nine PAX genes were present in many common cancers. They found that "silencing" the gene expression of PAX2 in ovarian and bladder cancer cells, and of PAX3 in melanoma, led to the rapid death of the cells.

WASHINGTON, April 11 (Xinhua) -- In the first clinical trial of gene therapy for treatment of intractable pain, U.S. researchers from the University of Michigan's Department of Neurology observed that the treatment appears to be able to provide substantial pain relief.In a study published online in the Annals of Neurology and seen on Monday, the researchers showed that the novel agent NP2 is safe and well-tolerated. In addition, measures of pain in the treated patients suggested that NP2 may provide a substantial analgesic effect.NP2 is a gene transfer vector that expresses the naturally- occurring opioid peptide enkephalin. In preclinical work in animals, David Fink, chair of the Department of Neurology, and his coworkers had demonstrated that injection of NP2 into the skin reduces pain in models of pain caused by nerve damage, inflammation or cancer.In the clinical trial, 10 patients with unrelenting pain caused by cancer were injected with the gene transfer agent in the area of skin related to the location of pain."The concept underlying this therapeutic approach is that injection of NP2 into the skin results in uptake into the nervous system and the production and release of a pain-relieving chemical in a controlled site in the pain pathway," says Fink. "In the study, patients who received the low dose of vector showed little reduction in pain; patients receiving the higher doses showed a greater than 80 percent reduction in pain over the course of four weeks following treatment."Fink's laboratory has been working on the use of modified herpes simplex virus-based vectors that are taken up by sensory nerves following skin injection to develop therapies for diseases of the nervous system for more than 20 years. Patents related to this technology have been exclusively licensed by Diamyd Medical, a publicly-traded Swedish biotechnology company that sponsored the trial, and the human-grade vector NP2 was produced by Diamyd, Inc, the U.S. subsidiary of Diamyd Medical.A phase 2 trial to compare NP2 to a placebo control has already been initiated under sponsorship from Diamyd.

LOS ANGELES, April 2 (Xinhua) -- People taking antidepressants may be more likely to develop thicker arteries which may raise the risk of heart disease and stroke, a new study suggests.Depression can heighten the risk for heart disease, but the effect of antidepressant use is separate and independent from depression itself, according to the study make public by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) on Saturday.The data suggest that antidepressants may combine with depression for a negative effect on blood vessels, said study first author Amit Shah, MD, a cardiology fellow at Emory University School of Medicine.Study findings will be presented on April 5 at the American College of Cardiology meeting in New Orleans, according to the AAAS.The study included 513 middle-aged male twins who both served in the U.S. military during the Vietnam War. Twins are genetically the same but may be different when it comes to other risk factors such as diet, smoking and exercise, so studying them is a good way to distill out the effects of genetics.Researchers measured carotid intima-media thickness - the thickness of the lining of the main arteries in the neck -- by ultrasound. Among the 59 pairs of twins where only one brother took antidepressants, the one taking the drugs tended to have higher carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), even when standard heart disease risk factors were taken into account.The effect was seen both in twins with or without a previous heart attack or stroke. A higher level of depressive symptoms was associated with higher IMT only in those taking antidepressants."One of the strongest and best-studied factors that thickens someone's arteries is age, and that happens at around 10 microns per year," Shah said. "In our study, users of antidepressants see an average 40 micron increase in IMT, so their carotid arteries are in effect four years older."Antidepressants' effects on blood vessels may come from changes in serotonin, a chemical that helps some brain cells communicate but also functions outside the brain, Shah said."I think we have to keep an open mind about the effects of antidepressants on neurochemicals like serotonin in places outside the brain, such as the vasculature. The body often compensates over time for drugs' immediate effects," Shah said. " Antidepressants have a clinical benefit that has been established, so nobody taking these medications should stop based only on these results. This isn 't the kind of study where we can know cause and effect, let alone mechanism, and we need to see whether this holds up in other population groups."

BEIJING, Jan. 22 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese central government in Beijing pledged Saturday that it would work to ensure smooth and safe traveling for the public as many return home to reunite with families during the Spring Festival.It is expected that some 700 million people are to travel during a 40-day Spring Festival travel period that began Wednesday, but heavy snow and icy rain, which has continued since the new year began, has disrupted traffic and cut water and power supplies to some regions in south and southwest China.The lingering freezing weather also poses great challenges to transportation and railway authorities, as they work to avoid another travel disaster, as was seen in early 2008 when unprecedented heavy snow and freezing rain inundated the south of the country, bringing traffic to a standstill at the peak holiday season.Due to this, the Ministry of Public Security announced on Saturday that it had drawn upon the experiences gained from the 2008 weather disaster, and has ordered local bureaus to begin planning precautionary measures to combat the freezing weather.It also issued orders to local departments beginning in late December to step up snow clearance and make sure expressways and key trunk lines are not closed by snow."More police will be deployed to maintain traffic order and security, and to reduce offences such as drunk driving, speeding, passenger overloading of cars and trucks, and driving while fatigued," Huang Ming, Vice Minister of Public Security, said in a press conference held in Beijing.Meanwhile, over 8,300 service stops would be established across the country in order to provide necessities such as water and medical help to drivers and migrant works returning home for the festival.China's meteorological authority forecast Saturday that snowy weather will weaken in most regions over the next three days, but the eastern areas in southwest China will continue to see more rain and snow.On Sunday, the weather forecast anticipated that moderate snow would hit some regions in Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, and Hainan, as the southwestern province of Guizhou will see more icy rain.Local authorities said nearly 10 million have been affected in Hunan after a blizzard that started Monday, which also forced the evacuation of 73,000 people. About 15 power lines were shut down and 132 roads were closed because of snow and icy rain in Guangxi.As the freezing weather makes travel on roads more difficult, railway stations are seeing surges in passenger numbers.An official with the Ministry of Railways (MOR) said nearly 4.8 million passengers took trains on Jan. 19, the first day of the travel peak season this year, up 11.9 percent compared to the corresponding day last year. The next day, over 4.9 million passengers traveled on railways, up 17.5 percent. The Nanchang railway station even saw passenger number jump 30 percent.The MOR said earlier that it would run an additional 293 pairs of trains per day during the rush period in order to meet climbing passenger demand.Further, the Vice Minister of the country's National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic planning body, said the ministry would work with other government departments to implement multiple measures in maintaining a stable supply of coal, electricity, oil, and gas so that residents' demands for heating and power use can be met during the festival.The traditional Chinese Spring Festival, or chun jie in Chinese, is the country's most important festival. It falls on Feb. 3 this year. Workers nationwide enjoy a seven-day holiday that ends on Feb. 8.

BEIJING, May 10 (Xinhuanet) -- Professional social networking site LinkedIn is aiming for a valuation of 3.3 billion U.S. dollars for its initial public offering, media reports said Tuesday.The Mountain View, California-based company is expected to begin trading on the New York Stock Exchange within the next month and will use the symbol "LNKD."It plans to offer 7.84 million shares priced at 32 dollars to 35 dollars each, according to the filing, which it submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission.LinkedIn, which has more than 100 million members in over 200 countries and territories, is seeking to raise as much as 274.4 million dollars from the initial public offering (IPO) with 146.6 million dollars going to the company itself.In 2010, LinkedIn made 15 million dollars in profit on 243 million dollars in revenue, according to the filing.LinkedIn's biggest shareholder is its founder and chairman, Reid Hoffman, who owns more than 21 percent of the company.