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WASHINGTON (AP) — President Donald Trump has welcomed Poland's president to the White House, and sending more U.S. troops to Poland to bolster NATO's eastern flank against Russian aggression is at the top of their agenda.Even before Andrzej Duda arrived, the U.S. ambassador to Poland said the U.S. will send another 1,000 troops to Poland — over and above the 1,000 declared last year.But the troops might not necessarily be transferred from Germany, where Trump is planning to withdraw about 10,000 U.S. troops.This is Duda’s third visit to Washington since Trump took office and the first head of state visit at the White House since the pandemic began.Trump and Duda are expected to hold a joint press conference at about 3:30 p.m. ET at the White House. Watch it live below: 787

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Louisiana is a state dealing with not one, but two multi-billion-dollar natural disasters within the span of six weeks: Hurricanes Laura and Delta.“This family had just moved in less than a week ago,” said Chuck Robichaux, mayor of the town of Rayne, Louisiana. “They’re just getting settled in, haven’t even put all their things in place, and they’re having to move out until we can get it repaired.”It’s a heartbreaking scenario playing out across the country this year.Up until Hurricane Delta, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said the country experienced 16 natural disasters this year, each with damages over a billion. Those included wildfires and droughts in the West, tornadoes, severe weather and flooding in the Midwest and hurricanes along the East and Gulf Coast.That number, 16, tied the record for the most billion-dollar disasters ever recorded in a single year, until Hurricane Delta broke the record with at least billion in damages.“The overall trend is one of an increasing number of billion-dollar disasters,” said Jeff Schlegelmilch, director of the National Center for Disaster Preparedness at Columbia University.He said there are two main reasons there have been more of these high-priced disasters.The first is climate change.“To deny climate change is to deny one of the critical drivers of these disasters,” Schlegelmilch said.The other reason, he said, comes down to where people choose to live. The population is growing, which is leading to more development in vulnerable areas, like in hurricane-susceptible coastlines and in wooded areas susceptible to wildfires.“Are we prepared to accommodate such large numbers of people in areas that are increasingly vulnerable to disasters?” Schlegelmilch said. “And, if not, what investments do we need to make in order to do that?”That might mean putting stricter building codes in place and rethinking disasters beyond just responding to them when they happen, the way FEMA and states do now.“It's not just about responding to the disaster, it's about preventing it, it's about mitigating it,” Schlegelmilch said. “So, looking at this more holistically, I don't think we yet have a great model for doing this federally or at the states or at the community level.”It’s more than just about the numbers, though, when it comes to billion-dollar disasters. There is a tremendous personal cost, too.“What we don't really capture as accurately within those numbers are the loss of lives, the loss of livelihoods and the communities that can actually be held back for a generation or more,” Schlegelmilch said.That leaves impacts felt both now and potentially by generations that follow. 2707

WASHINGTON, D.C. — A home test for COVID-19 will soon be on U.S. store shelves.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Tuesday issued an emergency use authorization for the first kit that consumers can buy without a prescription to test themselves entirely at home.Regulators granted use for a similar home test last month, but it requires a doctor’s prescription.The new test kit from Australian company Ellume allows users to swab themselves and get the results at home in about 20 minutes.The test detects fragments of proteins of the coronavirus from a nasal swab sample from anyone 2 years old and up. It connect to a digital app to help users interpret the results.Similar to other antigen tests, the FDA says a small percentage of positive and negative results from this test may be false. Therefore, for patients without symptoms, positive results should be treated as presumptively positive until confirmed by another test as soon as possible.Individuals with positive results should self-isolate and seek additional care from their health care provider. Those who test negative and experience COVID-like symptoms should follow up with their health care provider as negative results do not preclude an individual from coronavirus infection.The company says it will have 3 million tests available next month.“The FDA strongly supports innovation in test development and we have worked tirelessly with test developers to support the shared goal of getting more accurate and reliable tests to Americans who need them. Today is a promising step forward and we are eager to continue advancing additional innovation in COVID-19 testing that the science supports,” said Jeff Shuren, M.D., J.D., director of FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health. 1773

WASHINGTON, D.C. – One of the most contentious battles in politics isn’t just the current battle for the White House, it’s also the upcoming battle over who could ultimately end up in the halls of Congress and state capitols everywhere, in a process called redistricting.“The basic idea underlying that system is that we should form a constituency with people who live near us,” said Charles Blahous, a senior research strategist at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University in Virginia.New district maps are created based on census population numbers every 10 years. Yet, those maps can end up getting distorted to favor one political party over another when gerrymandering comes in to play.“I think gerrymandering is of concern to most voters because it seems to violate the foundational principle of our representative system, which is that we are divided into districts geographically,” Blahous said.Geography is something gerrymandering throws out the window. Some of the unusual congressional district maps can end up looking like animals.There is Maryland’s Democratic 3rd district, which looks like a snake, stretching from Baltimore into counties south. There is also northern Ohio’s Republican 4th district, known as “the duck.”So, who designed these?“The Constitution gives the power to state legislatures to draw these maps,” Blahous said.Since politicians draw the maps, they can be skewed to favor a particular party or incumbent. However, they can also be used to favor people from a particular racial or ethnic group, who have often been under-represented in the halls of power, in order to comply with federal Voting Rights Act rules on representation.Still, there are now efforts to take the map drawing out of the hands of politicians.In Virginia, voters will decide this November whether an independent commission should be in charge of the process instead. There are other ideas emerging, too: like using artificial intelligence to make the maps.“It takes an enormous computer capacity, which was not there 30 years ago, and writing the programming to make that all happen is also not a trivial matter,” said political science professor Bruce Cain, director of the Bill Lane Center for the American West at Stanford University.Prof. Cain said he and a colleague, Prof. Wendy Tam Cho of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, believe an algorithm they’ve developed might be the best alternative for making fairer maps.“What you want to be able to do is take every plan and classify it and say, ‘yeah, this one's better for minorities, this one's better for compactness,’ but is there something that combines both of them?” he said.It is all part of the ongoing effort to make sure America’s representative democracy remains truly representative of the people. 2801

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- On Monday, 17 states and the District of Columbia announced they are suing the Trump administration over the president’s plan to revoke foreign student visas if they only take online classes.Along with D.C., the lawsuit was filed by these states: Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin. California has also filed a similar lawsuit.Last week, ICE announced international students would have to return home or risk deportation if their universities switch to online-only courses come fall and they cannot find alternative plans. “It’s really hard and really painful,” said Maha AlHamoud, an incoming senior from Saudi Arabia at the University of Washington in Seattle. "No one should have to really make a choice between their health and their education.” At 17%, the University of Washington has one of the highest percentages of the more than 1 million international students in the United States. In 2018, the Institute of International Education estimated they contributed more than billion to the U.S. economy. "This has thrown into a little bit of chaos the reopening plans that higher education institutions had for the fall,” said Theresa Brown, Director of Immigration and Cross Border Policy at the Bipartisan Policy Center. “We could lose a generation of students who come to the U.S. and spend money to support their education, which supports the education of Americans in many instances.” ICE has always required international students take in-person classes if they hope to get a visa. What’s unprecedented in this case, says Brown, is the short time students have to make other arrangements. She says they could apply to other schools that have in-person courses, but that is assuming those universities are welcoming students and their credits would transfer. They could go to other countries like Canada, but that requires starting life over in a country they are not accustomed to.Brown adds foreign-exchange students could also apply to have their temporary status in the United States change, but that requires time, particularly since U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services intend to furlough 70% of its workforce next month. “This could have long-standing implications,” said Brown. “If you are a foreign national looking where to pursue your education, and you’re looking at the U.S. maybe you think about it again. Maybe you rethink the U.S. is really where you want to be when all these changes come very quickly.” “We really want the institutions that we’ve contributed so much to to protect us,” added AlHamoud. For AlHamoud, the decision on what to do next is particularly tough. During her freshman year, she was diagnosed with a form of blood cancer. It means her decision now is guided as much by her future as it is her health. “I was fighting for my life away from my family and friends,” she said. “But I made that sacrifice for my education hoping I would never have to make that choice again. So now, to be forced into a situation where I have to risk my health to attend my classes seems unfair.” One more caveat, according to Brown, is the ability for these students to go back to their home country if they cannot find a viable alternative. Many, she says, will not accept their own nationals because they have closed off their borders due to the pandemic. 3489