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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Authorities warned the public Friday to beware of crooks who have telephoned Poway-area residents in recent weeks and tried to swindle them out of money by falsely claiming that the victims were in arrears due to outstanding arrest warrants or other obligations to local government coffers."These scammers and impersonators sometimes provide the victims with genuine Sheriff's Department phone numbers, and in the past they have actually used the names of real department employees," sheriff's Lt. Christopher Collier said. "They may sometimes even want to arrange a meeting in the parking lot of a government building or station in an effort to appear legitimate."No employees of the regional law enforcement agency -- or of any other county body -- contact members of the public by telephone to discuss such matters, Collier noted."Nor would any employees ever try to arrange a meeting to allow (a) payment to be made," the lieutenant said. "If you receive a call from a person or persons claiming to be a Sheriff's Department employee, and that person is trying to solicit a payment of some sort, please hang up the phone immediately."Victims of such illicit solicitations are also advised to report the offenses to the Federal Trade Commission at www.ftc.gov, or to local law enforcement if the contact results in an actual loss of money or personal information. 1392

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Authorities asked the public today for help in identifying a man who robbed a South Bay financial-services office two weeks ago.The thief handed a demand note to a teller at the Mission Federal Credit Union branch in the 500 block of Telegraph Canyon Road in Chula Vista shortly after 9 a.m. Nov. 27, according to the FBI. In the written message, the robber claimed to have a gun, though none was seen.The bandit, who fled with an undisclosed amount of cash, was described as a roughly 5-foot-7-inch Latino in his 30s or 40s, wearing a white-and-blue-checkered long-sleeved shirt, a blue Chicago Cubs-logo baseball cap and black-framed glasses.Anyone who might be able to help the FBI track down the thief is asked to call the federal agency at (858) 320-1800. 786

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - City officials and homeless advocates announced an expansion Tuesday of the city's program to establish safe parking lots for residents who live out of their cars or recreational vehicles.Mayor Kevin Faulconer, Councilman Scott Sherman and representatives of Jewish Family Service of San Diego jointly announced that the city will make a parking lot in Mission Valley near SDCCU Stadium available to vehicles in the next 45 days.The lot, which will also have supportive services for homeless residents, like job training, financial education and housing assistance, has space for up to 80 RVs or 200 regular cars and trucks.Jewish Family Service oversees the two existing parking lots and will do the same at the third, which is located near the intersection of Friars Road and Mission Village Drive.RELATED: San Diego program to provide safe parking for homeless living in vehicles"Often when someone becomes homeless for the first time, they end up living in their car and don't know where else to turn," Faulconer said. "The Safe Parking Program helps those individuals find a stable place to stay while they access services, look for a job and, ultimately, find a permanent place to call home."The announcement comes on the eve of the City Council's Public Safety and Livable Neighborhoods Committee's scheduled discussion of a limited ban on residents sleeping in their cars to replace a 36-year-old ordinance the council repealed in February. The U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals struck down a similar Los Angeles vehicle habitation law in 2014 for being too vague.Under the proposed new ordinance, residents who live in their cars would be barred from parking within 500 feet of a public school, excluding colleges and universities, or a place of residence between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m.RELATED: San Diego mayor proposes city ban on living in vehiclesThe city's three safe parking lots will be open and available to residents during that same 12-hour stretch, however. The city did not say whether plans are in the works to open more safe parking lots in the immediate future.At the two existing lots (on Balboa Avenue and Aero Drive) and the new one, Jewish Family Service of San Diego will have the capacity to assist roughly 300 homeless individuals and families every night."Our goal is always to holistically help clients, so that they can get back on their feet and into a home," said JFS CEO Michael Hopkins. "This may include providing them access to food, transportation, benefits assistance and much more. We strive to help all San Diegans move their lives forward." 2605

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Authorities today publicly identified a U.S. Border Patrol agent who fatally shot a Mexican national last month during a scuffle just north of the international line in San Ysidro.Ryan Gonsalves, a nine-year member of the federal agency who is assigned to its Imperial Beach station, opened fire on 30-year-old David Angel Villalobos-Baldovinos early on the evening of Oct. 23 near Las Americas Premium Outlets mall on Camino De La Plaza, according to the San Diego Police Department.The events that led to the deadly gunfire began about 5:45 p.m., when Villalobos-Baldovinos allegedly tried to enter the United States illegally and was confronted by Gonsalves, SDPD Lt. Andra Brown said.When the agent tried to detain Villalobos-Baldovinos, a struggle broke out. During the fracas, the lawman shot the suspect once in the upper body.Gonsalves suffered minor injuries during the fight, Brown said. The SDPD Homicide Unit was called in to investigate the case, as is standard protocol in all instances of law enforcement shootings in the city.The findings of the probe will subsequently be reviewed by the U.S. Attorney's office, the lieutenant said. 1175