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SAN FRANCISCO, June 8 (Xinhua) -- Facebook Inc. will be probed by European Union (EU) regulators over its latest facial recognition feature rolling out worldwide, U.S. media reported on Wednesday.The feature, called Tag Suggestions, uses face recognition software to match users' new photos to other photos they are tagged in. It groups similar photos together and suggests the name of the friend in the photos.Facebook rolled out the feature in the United States late last year, where users can opt out of the feature by going to their private settings. But Facebook switched it on by default without telling users first when it became available on Tuesday in countries outside of the United States.A group of privacy watchdogs from 27 EU nations will study the measure for possible rule violations, a Luxembourg official of Article 29 Data Protection Working Party told Bloomberg. The Working Party, an independent EU advisory body on data protection and privacy, comprises the data protection regulators of all the 27 EU member states."Tags of people on pictures should only happen based on people' s prior consent and it can't be activated by default," said the Luxembourg official, Gerald Lommel. He noted that such automatic features "can bear a lot of risks for users" and the European data- protection regulators will "clarify to Facebook that this can't happen like this."Authorities in Britain and Ireland said they are also looking into the new function on Facebook. The British Information Commissioner's Office told Bloomberg that "the privacy issues that this new software might raise are obvious," saying it is "speaking to Facebook" about the issue.Facebook has been under scrutiny by EU regulators for several privacy concerns, such as users' default settings and how the company uses the information collected from its social network website.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 18 (Xinhua) -- Black scientists were significantly less likely than their white counterparts to receive research funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), according to an analysis of data from 2000 to 2006.University of Kansas Professor of Economics Donna Ginther was the lead author on the study commissioned by the NIH, which will appear Friday in journal Science.The researchers found a 10 percentage point gap in research funding -- even after taking into consideration demographics, education and training, employer characteristics, NIH experience and research productivity. For example, for every 100 grants submitted to NIH, 30 grants from white applicants were funded, compared to 20 grants for black applicants.Applications for NIH funding go through peer review that considers the significance, innovation and approach of grant applications, the investigator(s) and the research environment. About half of the applications are determined to be worth scoring. Among those scored, budgets and NIH Institutes priorities determine which applications are funded. Priorities can vary by year and by Institute.The study found that applications from black researchers were less likely to be scored and on average had worse scores. After controlling for the score of the grant, there were no race or ethnicity differences in funding.Applicants self-identify race, ethnicity and gender, but that information is not available during the peer review. However, biographical facts that are included in the review materials can provide clues to the identity of the applicants.The research suggests it is possible that cumulative advantage may explain the funding differences."Small differences in access to research resources and mentoring during training or at the beginning of a career may accumulate to become large between-group differences," the paper says.Additionally, the paper suggests further research is needed to determine why black researchers are less likely to be funded.NIH Director Francis Collins and Principal Deputy Director Lawrence Tabak call the findings unacceptable and commit to immediate action by the NIH."NIH commissioned this study because we want to learn more about the challenges facing the scientific community and address them head on. The results of this study are disturbing and disheartening, and we are committed to taking action," said Collins in an accompanying commentary. "The strength of the U.S. scientific enterprise depends upon our ability to recruit and retain the brightest minds, regardless of race or ethnicity. This study shows that we still have a long way to go."NIH initiated the study in 2008 to determine if researchers of different races and ethnicities with similar research records and affiliations had similar likelihoods of being awarded a new NIH research project grant.

THE HAGUE, June 24 (Xinhua) -- Bird flu was discovered at a poultry farm in the central Dutch province of Flevoland, the Ministry of Agriculture said Friday.It said the virus discovered was a mild variant. The farm's 47,000 chickens were slaughtered to prevent the virus turning into a contagious and deadly variant.It remains uncertain whether the chickens were infected with the high or low pathologene H7 variant. The low pathologene version can mutate into a high pathologen, which is extremely transmittable.Poultry from other farms in a zone of three kilometres of the contaminated farm will be tested. A prohibition of transport for poultry, eggs and poultry manure has been set.

BEIJING, Aug. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Researchers have discovered how a human egg captures an incoming sperm for fertilization, paving the way to help couples suffering from infertility, according to media reports on Monday.An international team of researchers found that a sugar chain known as the sialyl-lewis-x sequence (SLeX) makes the outer coat of the egg “sticky,” which has proven to be helpful in binding the egg and the sperm.As a result, this observation has filled in a huge gap in the understanding of fertility and provides hope for ultimately helping couples who currently cannot conceive.Scientists and doctors know that a sperm identifies an egg when proteins on the head of the sperm match and bind to a series of specific sugars in the egg’s outer coating. With a successful match of proteins, the outside surfaces of the sperm and egg then bind together before merging, which is then followed by delivery of sperm’s DNA into egg.To identify this molecules, the researchers used ultra-sensitive mass-spectrometric imaging technology to observe and identify which molecules are most likely to be key in the binding process.They experimented with a range of synthesised sugars in the laboratory and found that it is SLeX that specifically binds sperm to an egg.According to the World Health Organisation, infertility affects about 15 percent of reproductive-aged couples around the world and almost one in every seven couples in Britain has problems conceiving a child for various reasons.

BEIJING, Sept. 4 (Xinhua) -- China's railway system has transported some 1.27 billion passengers during the first eight months of this year, up 11.8 percent from a year earlier, the Ministry of Railways said Sunday.The figure has accounted for 67.4 percent of the ministry's full-year target, said the ministry in a statement on its website.The Ministry of Railways has planned to send 1.9 billion passengers in 2011, up 13.1 percent year-on-year.The country's high-speed trains had been operating with improved order and efficiency, said the ministry, which has been required to run high-speed trains at slower speeds, as well as to reorganize bullet train schedules nationwide, for safety reasons.The State Council, or Cabinet, ordered increased safety checks after a fatal train collision that killed 40 people in July raised concerns over the safety of the country's high-speed railways.The ministry cut the number of high-speed trains running between Beijing and Shanghai to 66 pairs from 88 pairs per day, effective as of Aug. 16.Meanwhile, the railways transported more than 2.6 billion metric tons of goods from January to August, up 7.8 percent year-on-year, the ministry said.