济南割包皮的手术费用是多少(济南阴囊潮湿早泄的治疗) (今日更新中)

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have corrected sickle cell disease in adult laboratory mice that had been bred to have the inherited blood disorder by activating production of a special blood component, according to a study published online Thursday in the journal Science.Sickle cell disease results from an abnormality in hemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. People living with sickle cell disease have two copies of an altered gene that produces sickle hemoglobin instead of normal adult hemoglobin. Sickle hemoglobin changes shape after releasing its oxygen, causing the red blood cell to become stiff, misshapen and sticky, and slowing blood flow to tissues. This process damages organs and causes pain.The study tested a new approach to increasing the production of a third form of hemoglobin -- fetal hemoglobin. Production of fetal hemoglobin predominates before birth, but turns off thereafter as adult hemoglobin production takes over. People with sickle cell disease are unable to make normal adult hemoglobin, and instead make sickle hemoglobin starting in infancy.An elevated level of fetal hemoglobin within the red blood cell reduces the tendency of sickle hemoglobin to change the shape of red blood cells. Considerable research has shown that the drug hydroxyurea increases production of fetal hemoglobin and reduces the number of pain crises and other complications of sickle cell disease in adults and children. However, not all patients respond well to hydroxyurea, and adverse side effects are a concern.The current study explores a more targeted approach to increasing fetal hemoglobin production. It builds upon earlier studies that discovered a protein called BCL11A normally suppresses the production of fetal hemoglobin soon after birth. The researchers viewed the BCL11A protein as a target for therapy and decided to see what would happen if they blocked production of the protein.The paper details how the research team silenced the mouse gene that produces the BCL11A protein in mice with sickle cell disease. Silencing the gene turned off production of the BCL11A protein and allowed the adult mice to continue to produce fetal hemoglobin. It appears to have eliminated disease symptoms without affecting other aspects of blood production."This discovery provides an important new target for future therapies in people with sickle cell disease," said Susan Shurin, acting director of the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which co-funded the study. "More work is needed before it will be possible to test such therapies in people, but this study demonstrates that the approach works in principle."Approximately 100,000 Americans live with sickle cell disease. It is most prevalent in people of African, Hispanic, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent. There is no widely available cure for sickle cell disease. Bone marrow transplants have cured some patients, but the treatment is not without risk and most patients do not have relatives who can donate compatible and healthy bone marrow to them.

BEIJING, Dec. 11 (Xinhua) -- China is faced with severe challenges in collecting enough blood plasma to produce medicines, Health Minister Chen Zhu said Sunday.Chen called on the public to join blood donation after donating blood plasma at the Beijing Red Cross Blood Center on Sunday, the fifth time since he took office in 2007.Blood plasma is needed to make blood products like prothrombin complex which is vital for hemophiliacs.The total volume of blood plasma collected last year was 4,180 tonnes, while the volume needed to produce enough medicines was 8,000 tonnes, said a statement from the ministry. The situation became even worse this year.Donations of blood plasma in China fell dramatically in recent years, as a result of safety concerns from donors and the government's efforts to regulate blood collection after contamination triggered HIV infection scandals.In an overhaul of plasma collection services in 2004, the ministry closed 262 donation centers, leaving only 138 in operation, resulting in the plasma donations falling at least one-third from 5,000 tonnes in 2003.Blood plasma are currently collected at 144 designed stations across the mainland. The stations, as requested by law, are all owned by major manufacturers of blood products.Chen promised to encourage qualified drug makers to set up more collection stations in the next five years.He also assured the public the safety of blood donation at authorized stations.

BEIJING, Oct. 11 (Xinhuanet) -- An experimental drug that can remove amyloid plaques from the brains of Alzheimer's patients is being developed by Swiss Roche Holding AG in a small early-stage study, according to a report published in the Archives of Neurology on Monday.Researchers suspect the build-up of such plaques may be a cause of the memory robbing disease, although that theory has yet to be definitively proved. Gantenerumab, a biotech drug designed to bind to amyloid plaques in the brain and remove them, is being targeted at the early stages of Alzheimer's with the hope it can slow progression of the disease while patients are still able to function.The Phase I study of 16 Alzheimer's patients tested gantenerumab at two doses against a placebo over six months of treatment.The Roche drug led to a dose-dependent reduction of brain amyloid, while amyloid load increased in patients receiving a placebo, the report said.The next step will be to investigate whether removal of brain amyloid translates into clinical benefit for patients at doses of the experimental drug that are well tolerated and safe, the report said.Much larger trials and further study will be needed to fully understand how gantenerumab works and whether it can stave off Alzheimer's, said the report.Roche is approaching the disease far earlier because amyloid accumulates for 15 years before dementi.

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 13 (Xinhua) -- Apple is in talks to acquire Israeli fabless semiconductor maker Anobit for 400 million to 500 million U.S. dollars, U.S. media reported on Tuesday.Apple is likely interested in Herzliya Pituach, Israel-based Anobit for an exclusive access to its embedded flash controllers which can significantly boost memory performance of smartphones and tablet computers, said technology news site TechCrunch, citing Calcalist, an Israeli newspaper in Hebrew which first reported the possible acquisition.Apple already uses Anobit's technology in iPhone, iPad and the MacBook Air.If the deal works out, it could be Apple's largest acquisition ever, surpassing its 404 million-dollar purchase of NeXT in 1997.It could also become Apple's first acquisition in Israel and the first with Tim Cook as the chief executive officer of the company since its iconic leader Steve Jobs passed away in early October.

BEIJING, Nov. 30 (Xinhua) -- China's efforts to fight AIDS are impressive and its experience can be shared, according to Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)."We have seen progress in terms of new infections. The number of people going into treatment is increasing and the mortality rate is going down very quickly in China," Sidibe said during an interview with Xinhua on Wednesday.Sidibe said he was impressed by the country's political leadership and commitment to controlling AIDS.According to UNAIDS, the country has reported a 60-percent reduction in deaths due to AIDS over the past eight years.New HIV infection cases in China have been reduced from 70,000 people annually in 2005 to around 48,000 in 2011, according to the country's health department."However, China's success will not only be measured by what it has done for the Chinese people," Sidibe said.China has successful experience in reducing new HIV infections among intravenous drug users, which can be shared with the rest of the world, particularly east Europe and south Asia where HIV infections among drug abusers is a major challenge, he said.Sidibe suggested that the country should work with the rest of the developing world, particularly Africa, in fighting AIDS.A partnership between China and Africa will make a "big, big difference" in reducing AIDS mortality rates and introducing new technology and perspectives in Africa, said the official who had worked for UN in several African countries for more than two decades.Admitting the challenges of funding AIDS control programs during the current global economic downturn, Sidibe called for global solidarity and increasing shared responsibilities among countries."It is a critical moment now. It is not a time to stop investment but to redouble our efforts, to make sure that we will continue to make progress in the fight against HIV," Sidibe said."Getting to Zero" has been chosen as the main theme of World AIDS Day for the next five years, referring to UNAIDS' vision of "zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths."Sidibe met with Li Congjun, president of the Xinhua News Agency, on Wednesday before the interview. The agency has launched a global media campaign in cooperation with UNAIDS to raise public awareness about HIV/AIDS."The partnership (with Xinhua) is not only about writing news about HIV. It is about helping people to change their attitude and make decisions to help protect themselves," Sidibe said.

来源：资阳报