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¡¡¡¡TEMPE, Ariz. ¡ª It's a huge breakthrough for the highly contagious and deadly norovirus as researchers at the Arizona State University¡¯s Biodesign Institute have come up with a vaccine made from plants.The norovirus is known as the perfect human pathogen. It can have you feeling awful for days, but researchers at ASU say a form of the tobacco plant may be the key to a vaccine.Also known as the cruise ship illness, norovirus hits nearly 20 million Americans every year. According to Andy Diamos, a post-doctoral researcher at ASU, the average person has the stomach bug five times in their life.¡°Norovirus is a horrible bug to get,¡± said Diamos. ¡°It causes vomiting, diarrhea, all sorts of nasty stuff.¡±There is no vaccine for the highly contagious bug because it's notoriously difficult to produce in a lab, until now, thanks to Diamos and Hugh Mason with the Biodesign Center.¡°Genetic engineering has allowed us to design systems like plants to produce useful things like vaccines,¡± said Diamos.By using a form of the tobacco plant, researchers discovered that a harmless bacteria would help grow a norovirus vaccine when the proper genes are transferred to the leaves.¡°You can basically put in whatever genes you want and transfer those to the plant, so that's how we get the plant to make the vaccine,¡± said Diamos.According to Diamos, real viruses are surrounded by a shell that protects its genes. The vaccine that grows inside the tobacco plant is essentially that shell without the harmful insides.¡°If you give that to someone as a vaccine, it looks just like the real virus, but there is nothing on the inside,¡± said Diamos. ¡°It can't cause disease; it can't actually infect you.¡±That's what makes these plant-based vaccines safe and effective.¡°One of the main reasons why we're focusing on plants is because they're so cheap to work with. These vaccines will hopefully be much cheaper to produce than traditional methods,¡± said Diamos.Many discoveries from ASU researchers hit the market, this one could too, but it needs further study and would eventually need to be picked up by a pharmaceutical company which could take years. 2154
¡¡¡¡Swiss authorities are investigating a series of bizarre deposits.Investigators in Geneva are trying to understand why two Spanish women flushed roughly €100,000 (0,000) down toilets at a UBS bank branch and three nearby restaurants.Vincent Derouand of the Geneva Prosecutors' Office said the first incident involving cut-up €500 bills occurred in May.Security camera footage led investigators to the two Spanish women. Derouand said that a lawyer for the women confirmed the cash belonged to them."It may be illegal [cash] and they tried to get rid of it," Derouand said. "We have to check where the money is coming from."Derouand declined to identify the women."This is a strange story," he said. "It does not happen often."UBS declined to comment on the cash found at the Geneva branch, citing the ongoing investigation.The European Central Bank plans to kill off the €500 note next year because of concerns that it "could facilitate illicit activities."Europe's top law enforcement agency says the note (worth about 0) is often used by money launderers because of its unusually large denomination and portability. Plus, using cash helps criminals keep transactions and savings anonymous.In a 2015 report, Europol said cash was still the "instrument of choice" for terrorists and €500 bills were in high demand.Switzerland was long known for banking privacy laws that made it possible for banks to refuse to hand over their customers' data to authorities.But in recent years the country has agreed to start sharing financial information with outsiders, including the European Union and the U.S. 1610
¡¡¡¡Students across the country are expected to walk out of their classrooms Wednesday morning to protest gun violence. The National School Walkout is scheduled to begin at 10 a.m. in every time zone and last for 17 minutes -- a minute for each life lost in the Parkland school shooting.If you're a student who's thinking of taking part (or the parent of one), you probably have lots of questions: Can the school retaliate? Will it hurt your chances of college? Can you just stay home for the day?For help with answers, we turned to a couple of experts:Ben Wizner is the director of the ACLU's Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project and an adjunct professor at New York University School of Law. He's litigated numerous cases involving the intersection of civil liberties and national security. He's also the principal legal advisor to Edward Snowden.Christine V. Hamiel is an attorney at the von Briesen & Roper law firm in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. She chairs the firm's school law section and advises school districts on legal matters involving student issues, among other things. 1088
¡¡¡¡The agent for Ezekiel Elliott says the star running back of the Dallas Cowboys has tested positive for the coronavirus. Rocky Arceneaux tells the NFL Network Elliott is feeling OK and recovering. Elliott tweeted out the word "HIPPA???" which stands for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, in regards to why his medical information was leaked. 367
¡¡¡¡STOCKTON, Calif. (KGTV) -- A school fight in Stockton came to an unexpected end after a Marine tackled a pair of students to the ground. The Marine was on campus Wednesday to help with military recruitment when he saw the students fighting and sprinted toward them. Video shows the Marine tackling the students, who were throwing punches. Some parents say the Marine used unnecessary force while others say his actions were justified. The Marine has been reassigned to office duties and will no longer be around students, the Marine Corps says. 553