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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Infectious disease experts say it may take months before the first doses of a COVID-19 vaccine reach an important population: kids.Some doctors worry it may already be too late to get a vaccine authorized for younger kids before the start of the next school year because of the time it takes to recruit children and conduct a new round of clinical trials.“Our children under 12 years of age are almost certainly going into next school year without a vaccine option available for them,” said Dr. Evan Anderson, a pediatrician at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and associate professor at Emory University.Dr. Anderson said such a delay could further impact school reopenings and have resulting consequences on children’s mental health, among other concerns. He said the window is rapidly closing to get a vaccine authorized in time for children older than 12 unless more trials begin immediately.In October, Pfizer tested its vaccine candidate for the first time in 100 kids aged 12 to 15. Moderna is expected to begin testing in that age group in January, according to Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. However, neither company has announced plans to begin testing their candidates in children under 12.That’s concerning to the American Academy of Pediatrics, which has been calling on vaccine-makers to include children in clinical trials since September. The AAP argues immunization is critical to stemming the pandemic.“We know that children can be infected with COVID-19 and can transmit it to others. To reduce the spread of this virus and control the pandemic as well as for their own safety, it’s crucial that children be included in the national vaccination program, and that vaccines are made available to children as soon as possible,” said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, chair of the AAP Committee on Infectious Diseases, in another push last month.Although COVID-19 takes a more severe toll on older adults, children make up about 12 percent of the infections in the U.S. and recent studies have shown kids over 10 years old can transmit disease as efficiently as adults, the AAP noted.More than 1.3 million kids had been infected with COVID-19 as of Nov. 26.Experts say it’s important that drug companies test COVID-19 vaccines in children separately from adults.“Kids' immune systems are really different than adults. As any pediatrician will tell you, kids are not just small adults, their immune systems behave really differently,” said Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego.Dr. Ramers said testing is needed to find the right vaccine dose for kids and see if there are any unexpected side effects.But there are challenging logistics in any pediatric trial. Since children’s immune systems change as they grow, vaccine-makers have to separate their trials into several age groups. That means more child volunteers are needed.“I mean it's more challenging, as an investigator myself for research, to enroll a kid into a study because you have to get permission [from parents],” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.Because parents have to sign off, experts say it can take much longer to enroll enough kids for a study.In a statement to ABC 10News, Pfizer said it is “working actively with regulators on a potential pediatric study plan.”“As we do with all vaccines which are initially studied in adult populations, we are following a careful, stepwise approach as we move down to younger age groups,” said Jerica Pitts, Pfizer’s director of global media relations.“Global regulatory agencies require evaluation of the candidate vaccine in pediatric populations. Moving below 12 years of age will require a new study and potentially a modified formulation or dosing schedule,” she added.Could a vaccine become mandatory at schools?Once a vaccine is approved for kids, a lot of parents are wondering if and when it might become mandatory at California schools.The California Department of Public Health told ABC 10News several things would need to be in place before it would consider making a vaccine mandatory at either schools or child care facilities.The vaccine would need to reviewed and approved by the FDA and recommended for use in children by the federal Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The state would also look for a recommendation by the American Academy of Pediatrics, and there would need to be "sufficient vaccine supply to enable access for all children."READ MORE: Will California make the COVID vaccine mandatory at schools? 4602

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Jurors have reached their verdict in the trial of a man accused of killing a Navy sailor on a Logan Heights freeway ramp in 2018.Edson Acuna, 26, was found guilty of first-degree murder, robbery, and several other charges in connection with the murder of 21-year-old Curtis Adams on Oct. 27, 2018. Adams was driving on I-15 at about 2 a.m., when he came upon what appeared to be a disabled vehicle. As Adams got out of his vehicle to check on the car's occupants when he was shot.Prosecutors say Acuna and three others had burglarized a Mt. Hope home that night, before getting into a shootout with the home's residents. As they fled, one of their vehicle's tires were shot out. RELATED COVERAGE:Closing arguments in trial for man accused of killing Navy sailor on freewayGunman kills good Samaritan in I-15 shooting near Mountain ViewSuspect in shooting of Navy sailor on freeway has criminal historyMurder suspect's brother arrested in Mexico, charged with Good Samaritan's deathAfter they pulled over, prosecutors say Acuna and the others believed the Navy man to be the homeowner and opened fire. Adam's girlfriend was also in the car with him at the time of the shooting.Acuna's 22-year-old brother, Brandon, and two other co-defendants, Harvey Liberato, 25, and Susana Galvan, 39, have pleaded guilty to charges including voluntary manslaughter and being an accessory after the fact.Adams enlisted in the Navy in 2016. At the time of his death, he worked as a steelworker with Amphibious Construction Battalion 1 at Naval Amphibious Base Coronado.Acuna was also found guilty of burglary, possession of firearm by a felon, transporting assault weapon, possession of assault weapon, prohibited person holding or possessing ammunition, and carrying loaded firearm in a vehicle. He was found not guilty of shooting at an inhabited structure, building or aircraft.He's set to be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole on April 10. 1965

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Inside Richard J. Donovan State Prison's 30-foot concrete walls, metal doors, and electrified fence is the Echo Yard. It's drawn attention as one of the state's most innovative programs for bringing together inmates of different security levels on the premise that they will coexist peacefully in exchange for some freedoms.The Echo Yard, the state's first non-designated yard, also aims to keep released inmates out of prison.Around 50 percent of people convicted of a crime in California are sent back to prison within three years, according to a 2019 state auditor report. Members of Echo Yard get greater access to self-help, educational, vocational, and rehabilitative programs through courses like anger management, victim awareness, job hunting, and money management. Early recruitment efforts were sluggish when the program was introduced a few years ago.While the prospect of better resources and a possible early release sounds promising, inmates had difficulty embracing the concept of sharing spaces with a potential rival."When we first interviewed maybe about 900 guys, we probably got about 30 of them that said, 'yeah, I'll give it a try' ... because they know prison politics are alive and well," said Daniel Paramo, a former warden at RJD.WATCH: Menendez brothers help paint massive mural as part of innovative prison programThe rules in the Echo Yard are far removed from the prison politics and policies made up by inmates designed to help keep the peace. Instead, the Echo Yard emphasizes inclusion. There is a ban on gang affiliation and racial segregation. It also welcomes transgender inmates and those convicted of sex crimes.Inmates of various backgrounds are housed together regardless of their designation (Sensitive Needs Yard or General Population). One of the men that entered into the experimental program said the environment is a culture shock."There’s so much diversity here; it’s a shock to the system…I am adjusting, but it’s rough," inmate Mike Briggs told the California Innocence Project blog.In 2018, the California Innocence Project said 780 men transitioned into the program, which is made available to those that demonstrate good behavior or show a commitment to Donovan's prison jobs. 2261

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In Pacific Beach, it's common to see scooters in the flow of traffic.At night, it's the same story. Firefighters plagued with trauma patients from scooter crashes. Crews say they often see people using them to bar hop.A study released Thursday reveals data supporting exactly that. The study focuses on 103 patients and after tests it shows that half of them were drunk. Even more surprising, 52% were high on drugs.The study pulled data from UCSD Medical Center, Scripps Mercy Medical Center, and a hospital in Austin, Texas."We were concerned this would become the next big public health issue," says UC San Diego Health Dr. Leslie Kobayashi.The study looked at patients between September 1, 2017 to October 31, 2018."Spinal fractures and spinal chord injuries," Kobayashi says, recalling injuries. "I myself saw one patient who was not able to be salvaged because of a severe overwhelming devastating head injury."Kobayashi seeing the skyrocketing trend from the emergency room.New rules started in June to combat these stats, like limiting the speed of scooters in places like the boardwalk and forcing riders to park scooters in corrals.Firefighters in Pacific Beach say they're seeing less injuries in the last month.Kobayashi hopes it's just the beginning."Reducing the speeds, limiting the times of day it can be used, and whether or not protective gear, most importantly helmets are going to have an impact on injury prevention," Kobayashi added.The conclusion of the study reads, "eScooter-related trauma has significantly increased over time. Alcohol and illicit substance use among these patients was common, and helmet use was extremely rare. Significant injuries including intracranial hemorrhage and fractures requiring operative intervention were present in over half (51%) of patients. Interventions aimed at increasing helmet use and discouraging eScooter operation while intoxicated are necessary to reduce the burden of eScooter-related trauma."10News reached out to Bird and Lime for a response.Lime said they are "piloting a new function in the app - “Don’t drink and ride” - whereby those trying to rent a Lime after 10pm now have to confirm they are not attempting to rider under the influence."Both companies said safety is their priority.Bird sent us this statement, in part, "The rules of the road, apply to everyone — whether behind the wheel, walking, cycling or on a scooter. We go to great lengths to educate and inform riders about the dangers of distracted riding, including riding under the influence, as well as educating them on how to identify drivers who might be operating cars under the influence." They provide in-app messages and emails reminding riders not to drink and ride.The study acknowledges their information may be skewed, "Using patients only from Level 1 trauma centers may skew our data by excluding many of the less severely injured patients who were triaged to lower level trauma centers and non-trauma centers." 2995

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In lieu of going door-to-door throughout the neighborhood, some parents will instead take their kids to a one-stop shop for candy and safety.On Halloween, multiple places will be running family-friendly, safety-oriented events to give parents the ability to take the kids trick-or-treating with peace of mind.So on Halloween night, consider these events for some spooky — and safe — fun!Alpine Harvest Festival — Alpine Christian Fellowship 487