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BEIJING, Oct. 1 (Xinhua) -- China plans to decrease leprosy rates by 50 percent over the next 10 years, according to a joint plan to fight the infectious disease issued by the Ministry of Health and ten other ministerial-level institutions.The prevalence rate is targeted to be brought down to one case per 10,000 people by 2015. The rate will further shrink to one in every 100,000 people by 2020 in at least 98 percent of the country's counties, according to the plan.A total of 500,000 cases of leprosy have been reported and treated for free throughout the country since the founding of the People's Republic of China on Oct. 1, 1949.The number of leprosy cases has plummeted over the past 62 years, but the country still faces challenges in fighting the disease, the plan said.Leprosy, an infectious disease that has affected humanity for over 4,000 years, is primarily characterized by skin lesions and progressive physical debility, and can cause permanent nerve damage.Despite sustained efforts -- and considerable success -- in bringing the disease under control, leprosy is still a serious disease in some parts of China and people who have been cured of the disease continue to face discrimination.More than 1,700 new cases have been reported annually in the past five years. The provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Hunan and the Tibet Autonomous Region are most affected by the disease, according to the plan.

BEIJING,Nov. 9 (Xinhuanet) – Yinghuo-1, China's first interplanetary spacecraft, is set to hitch a ride with Russia's Phobos-Grunt Mars mission in the early hours on Wednesday, after a two-year delay.A Zenit-2SB rocket will carry Yinghuo-1 and Phobos-Grunt into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome launch site in Kazakhstan.It is China and Russia's first joint Mars operation and also marks China's first voyage to the Red Planet, China Great Wall Industry Corp said in a news release on Tuesday.Yinghuo-1 will work in orbit with Phobos-Grunt for more than 12 months in collecting data on the Martian atmosphere.Both spacecraft will travel for more than 10 months before entering Martian orbit. During the trip, Yinghuo-1's power supply, communications and temperature gauge will be controlled from the Russian craft, scientists said.Both craft will orbit the planet three times before decoupling. The 106-kg Yinghuo-1 will circle Mars in an elliptical orbit, while Phobos-Grunt will actually land on Phobos, one of the two Martian moons, and bring back soil samples to Earth."The collaboration with Russia will enhance China's ability in deep space exploration, improve spacecraft design and development, and promote planetary exploration," said an unnamed official with the corp, a subsidiary of the China Aerospace Science & Technology Corp. Russia's Lavochkin Research and Production Association signed a cooperation contract, based on an agreement between the Chinese and Russian governments, with China Great Wall Industry Corp in 2007.Yinghuo-1, with a two-year lifespan, also has its own scientific goals.These include analyzing the planet's magnetic environment and ionosphere (upper atmosphere), taking images of topographical features and studying gravity fields on the Martian equator.Pang Zhihao, deputy editor-in-chief of the monthly publication, Space International, said China's focus on the planet's upper atmosphere is significant.Twenty detectors have explored parts of Mars, but most of them have looked for traces of life or water or places suitable for setting up colonies, he said.But studying the upper atmosphere is also vital if humans are to live on the planet, he said.The mission was set for October 2009, but later postponed to this year to enhance the reliability of the project.Only the United States, the former Soviet Union and the European Union have succeeded in landing probes on Mars. Five are in operation, four belong to the US and one belongs to the EU.At least 21 probes sent to the planet have failed. The Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology under the CASC, which designed Yinghuo-1 in 23 months, said that the satellite posed a major technological challenge as the furthest space destination for China before had been the moon. The moon's average distance from Earth is about 384,000 km. The distance between Mars and Earth, depending on orbits, ranges from approximately 55 million km to about 350 million km.Yinghuo-1 will have to endure periods in the freezing dark side of the planet.It underwent simulated tests that matched the Martian temperature, - 260 C.Because of the distances involved, the satellite cannot rely on ground control to adjust position. It will rely on its own onboard computer, scientists said.

JIUQUAN/BEIJING, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- Commander-in-chief of China's manned space program Chang Wanquan announced early Tuesday that the launch of Shenzhou-8 unmanned spacecraft was successful.The spacecraft was sent into the designated orbit after the blastoff at 5:58 a.m. from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest Gobi desert, carried by an upgraded Long March-2F rocket.It is heading for rendezvous with Tiangong-1, or "the Heavenly Palace" that was put into space on Sept. 29 for the country's first space docking.The move, if successful, will pave the way for China to operate a permanent space station around 2020 and make the nation the world's third to do so.The combined photo taken on Nov. 1, 2011 shows the blast-off of a modified model of the Long March CZ-2F rocket carrying the unmanned spacecraft Shenzhou-8 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China's Gansu Province. Commander-in-chief of China's manned space program Chang Wanquan announced that the launch of the spacecraft was successful.Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang viewed the launch at the Jiuquan center. The launch was also observed on site by senior officials from the European Space Agency and the German Aerospace Center.The docking is scheduled to occur within two days after the launch of Shenzhou-8 and at a height of 343 km above the Earth's surface. It will return to the Earth after two docking tryouts.Chinese and German scientists will conduct 17 life science space experiments on the Chinese spacecraft Shenzhou-8, Wu Ping, spokeswoman for China's manned space program, said Monday.To ensure the success of the mission, Chinese space engineers have made "considerable modifications" on Shenzhou-8 to previous versions of the spacecraft.Shenzhou-8, with a length of nine meters and a maximum diameter of 2.8 meters, has a liftoff weight of 8.082 tonnes."More than half of the 600 or so sets of equipment have been modified, while newly designed devices account for about 15 percent of the total," Wu said.The modifications were mainly aimed at arming the spacecraft with automatic and manual rendezvous and docking capacities, and enhancing the vehicle's performance, safety and reliability, Wu said."After the improvements, the spacecraft will be able to connect with the target spacecraft Tiangong-1 for 180 days," Wu said.The unmanned spacecraft is also equipped with devices for recording real images and mechanical parameters during its flight, to test the space docking before a manned attempt.Once China has mastered the technologies of rendezvous and docking, it will be equipped with the basic technologies and capacity required for building a space station, said Zhou Jianping, chief designer of China's manned space program.Tuesday's mission will be followed by launches of spaceships Shenzhou-9 and -10 in 2012, which are also expected to dock with Tiangong-1. "At least one mission of the two will be manned," Wu said.The crew members, including probably two female astronauts, have already been selected for the possible manual space docking mission in 2012 and are being trained for manual docking skills.The space docking tests and experiments will provide crucial experience of China's construction of a 60-tonne permanent manned space station around 2020 when Chinese astronauts are expected to operate more research projects in space."It will make it possible for China to carry out space exploration of a larger scale," Zhou said.

BERLIN, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- The Sino-German strategic partnership has been further intensified and expanded in the year 2011, Chinese Ambassador to Germany Wu Hongbo told Xinhua in a recent interview prior to China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin's visit to Germany.The frequent, high-level mutual visits between China and Germany have pushed forward progress of political, economic, cultural and other cooperations steadily, and strengthened the communication and coordination on key international and regional issues, he said.This year has featured frequent mutual visits between the leaders of China and Germany, as Vice Premier Li Keqiang visited Germany at the start of the year, followed by the first round of bilateral minister-level strategic dialogue between German vice-chancellor and foreign minister Guido Westerwelle and Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi during Westerwelle's visit to China three months later.In June, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his German counterpart Angela Merkel co-chaired the first round of China-Germany inter-governmental consultation. Attended by more than 20 ministers from both sides for 8counterpart conversation on a wide range of topics, the consultation wound up with substantial accomplishments.It was the first time China had ever established such a high-level inter-governmental negotiation mechanism with a European Union (EU) country. In addition, both countries have also carried out active and effective cooperations on global economic governance reform, handling of climate changes, nuclear safety and many other international issues."The two countries have signed some 20 documents on bilateral cooperations and important economic agreements, involving over 15 billion U.S. dollars," Wu said.A wide range of common ground were established, including the establishment of strategic partnership in producing electric-powered automobile, expanding cooperations in tapping new energy, environmental protection, energy saving and energy efficiency-improvement, according to him.Furthermore, China has earmarked some two-billion-euro worth of special loans to sustain the cooperations among the medium- and small-sized firms of the two countries.The two sides have also set up a standardization cooperation committee to work together to probe into and draw up the international standard, and intensify the cooperation in the field of accreditation, in addition to mapping out 5-year agricultural cooperative plan, expanding the innovative cooperative platform in life sciences, founding the professional education cooperation league and model partnership among higher learning institutes, as well as exchanges in hospital management."So far, all these cooperations are making steady headway and are gradually fulfilled," the ambassador said.Referring to the Sino-German economic and trade cooperations, Wu said that the trade volume between the two countries in 2010 reach 142.4 billion dollars, accounting for almost 30 percent of that between China and the whole EU, which is of special significance particularly against the backdrop of a looming recession overshadowing world economic prospect and the escalating eurozone debt crisis.The bilateral trade volumes has totaled up to 127 billion dollars during the first nine months of the year, according to the ambassador, expressing his belief that it is convincing that the Sino-German trades are sure to scale new height, not to mention the reciprocal investment that has gained strong momentum.Wu stressed that China and Germany, both are important economies and large exporters in the world, and claim as the mutual biggest trade partners in respective regions, on account of that, both countries share extensive common and interests and solid foundation to further cooperation, adding that both sides should walk hand in hand to promote the all-around and sustainable development of the economy, not only for both countries but also for the whole world, and turn against whatsoever forms of trade and investment protectionism.He also pointed out that China and Germany have conducted very active interchanges in terms of human and culture, sciences and technologies as well as education, exemplifying that Chinese-German Year of Science and Education program was held successfully last year, as up to 45 universities in Germany held "China Week" simultaneously, which is unprecedented."The project entitled 'Germany and China -- Moving Ahead Together' concluded with success at the Shanghai World Expo and thus tremendously enhanced mutual understanding and friendships between the two peoples," Wu said.China will continue to invite some 200 German middle school students to take part in the summer camp in China this year, while the Year of Chinese Culture will be held in Germany next year to mark the 40th anniversary of the establishment of bilateral diplomatic relations, as all the preparatory works are fully underway, the ambassador said.Wu said that the two sides attached great importance to the visit of Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)."During the visit, Jia will meet a number of prominent political and business figures in Germany, including German President Christian Wulff, and convey the supports by the Chinese government and people to EU countries' action in dealing with the eurozone debts crisis," Wu said.The visit will inject new vitality to Sino-German relations by increasing common agreements and friendships, while intensifying mutually-beneficial cooperations in various fields, said Wu.

BEIJING, Nov. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Global AIDS deaths and new HIV infections have each dropped 21 percent since the peak of the AIDS pandemic in 1997, according to a UN report released Monday.One major factor responsible for the result is that life-saving HIV treatments have become more popular and got to 1.35 million more people in 2010 than in 2009.In middle-income and underdeveloped nations, these treatments have saved 2.5 million lives since 1995."We have seen a massive scale-up in access to HIV treatment, which has had a dramatic effect on the lives of people everywhere," said Michel Sidibe, executive director of the U.N. AIDS program.However, 53 percent of people who need HIV/AIDS treatments -- about 7.6 million people -- cannot get them, which accounted for 1.8 million AIDS deaths in 2010.There are now 34 million people living with HIV. And just in last year there were 2.7 million new infections.The decline in deaths and new infections means the AIDS pandemic is at a turning point, the UNAIDS report argues, adding smart investment can save millions of future deaths.