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For those would-be investors wanting to jump into the stock market but wondering which stock to buy, legendary investor Warren Buffett has a suggestion: Try buying 500 stocks instead.“In my view, for most people, the best thing to do is own the S&P 500 index fund,” Buffett said at Berkshire Hathaway’s annual meeting in May. But what is the S&P 500, and how do you invest in one of its funds?Here’s an intro to how S&P 500 funds work, and whether one might be a good fit for your portfolio.What is the S&P 500?The S&P 500, or S&P, is a stock market index comprising shares of 500 large, industry-leading U.S. companies. It is widely followed and often considered a proxy for the overall health of the U.S. stock market.Standard & Poor’s, an American investment information service, created the index in 1957. Every quarter, its investment committee meets to review which stocks belong in the index based on each company’s market size, liquidity and group representation. Today, 505 stocks constitute the index, since some of the 500 companies have more than one class of shares.Contrary to popular belief, the stocks forming the index are not the 500 biggest U.S. companies, but they are arguably the 500 most important companies. Over .2 trillion is invested through the index, with these 505 stocks representing about 80% of the total U.S. stock market’s value.The S&P 500 is a cap-weighted index, meaning each stock within the index is weighted according to its market capitalization, or total market value (number of outstanding shares multiplied by current market price). The larger the company, the greater its influence on the index.As of Aug. 31, 2020, these are the top 10 companies by index weight in the S&P 500:Apple.Microsoft.Amazon.Facebook.Alphabet, Google’s parent company (shares in classes A and C).Berkshire Hathaway.Johnson & Johnson.Visa.Procter & Gamble.How do you invest in the S&P 500?An index is a measure of its underlying stocks’ performance, so you cannot directly invest in the index itself. Buying every company’s shares would be an arduous task (think 505 separate transactions), but thankfully there are index funds and exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, that replicate the index, effectively doing that work for you.While all S&P 500 funds track the holdings of this index, an investor must consider whether using an index fund (a passively managed mutual fund) or an ETF makes the most sense for them. The good news when weighing index funds versus ETFs is that there are solid S&P 500 options in each category, and all of these products leverage the diversity of the index itself.Because the S&P 500 is weighted by each company’s market capitalization, the larger companies in the index can sometimes have an outsize impact on the performance of the larger index. In other words, a big dip in price for Apple shares can create a dip in the index as a whole. Because of this, some investors prefer to purchase the S&P 500 in an equal-weighted format, so that each company has the same impact on the index. This is meant to create an index that is more representative of the overall U.S. market.After deciding your preference for an index fund or ETF, cap-weighted or equal-weighted, you can begin narrowing down which S&P 500 fund to purchase. To minimize your costs, look into each fund’s expense ratio — the percentage of your assets you’ll pay in fees each year — to see how they compare.Fees are important here since all of these funds track the same index, which means their returns should be roughly the same. The lower the fee, the more of that return you keep.Should you invest in the S&P 500?There are a number of things to think about before you choose any investment. But an S&P fund can generally be a good choice if you want to add broad exposure to the U.S. stock market to your portfolio.“The S&P 500 is a key part of a diversified investing strategy because it’s a good bet that the U.S. economy will continue to succeed and grow in the long term,” says Tony Molina, senior product manager at Wealthfront. The U.S. has the largest economy and stock market in the world, and is one of the most resilient and active, especially when it comes to innovation. That’s why it’s a no-brainer to include the S&P 500 as part of your portfolio.”Larger companies are generally more stable to invest in because they are well-established and widely followed. Thus, these stocks usually have less risk and lower volatility. The S&P 500 combines large companies across various industries, so investors access a broad, diversified mix of companies when investing in it.Choosing an index fund or ETF can also help investors avoid — or at least minimize — the behavioral pitfalls from stock-picking, which is a losing strategy, says Dejan Ilijevski, president of Sabela Capital Markets.Ilijevski cites the May 2018 study by professor Hendrik Bessembinder at Arizona State University, which examined investments in publicly traded U.S. stocks between 1926 and 2016 and found that just over 4% of the companies accounted for the total wealth created.“Picking those few individual winners is impossible,” Ilijevski says. “Your best bet is to own as much of the market with a fund that tracks the index.”Using index funds and ETFs can help investors generate strong returns while also minimizing their costs, says Kevin Koehler, chartered financial analyst and director of the investment strategy group at Miracle Mile Advisors in Los Angeles.“Investing in the S&P 500 the past 25 years would have given an investor over a 10% annualized return, proving that an investor does not need to be paying high expenses to get good market returns,” Koehler says.Are there drawbacks to investing in the S&P 500?There are caveats to consider. The S&P 500 consists of only large-cap U.S. stocks. Portfolio diversification encompasses buying mid- and small-cap companies along with large-caps; allocating funds to international companies along with domestic ones; and including bonds, cash and potentially other asset classes with stocks.Koehler also notes drawbacks in the S&P 500 related to its market-cap weighting.“As passive investing increases, investors are continually investing in S&P 500 funds, which has contributed to a ‘rich get richer’ problem, where the largest stocks are getting larger due to S&P 500 investing, rather than individual stock investing,” Koehler says. “This can lead to higher volatility, as active managers sell an individual stock on top of index funds selling a portion. The market could continuously be overvalued compared to its underlying value.”But relative to the downsides of many investment types, the flaws of S&P 500 funds seem relatively minor, especially when used as a part of your overall portfolio and held for the longer term. This helps explain why icons like Buffett have so publicly endorsed them.“I happen to believe that Berkshire is about as solid as any single investment can be, in terms of earning reasonable returns over time,” said Buffett at the May meeting, speaking about the investing company he’s turned into an empire. “But, I would not want to bet my life on whether we beat the S&P 500 over the next 10 years.”More From NerdWallet4 Ways Women Can Invest in Other WomenHow the Pros Ride Market Volatility — and Why You Shouldn’tIf Doing Less Means Saving More, Try These 5 Money MovesTiffany Lam-Balfour is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: tlambalfour@nerdwallet.com. 7573

FORT MYERS, Fla. —A man has been arrested after allegedly attempting to set a Planned Parenthood on fire in Fort Myers, Florida.The Lee County Sheriff's Office said Wednesday that Everett Little was taken into custody after a search warrant was served at his home.The 20-year-old man is being charged with arson, criminal mischief, and using an incendiary device.Officers believe Little committed arson at the facility on Commerce Park Drive on Oct. 10.The act was caught on surveillance cameras and law enforcement distributed the photos of the suspect, asking the public for help locating him.In the end, authorities said they identified Little thanks to the community’s help."That act was caught on camera, and through Crime Stoppers, he's behind bars," said Sheriff Carmine Marceno in a statement on Facebook. "Those tips led to an arrest, and we were fortunate that those tips came in."If you have any information about this incident, call Crime Stoppers at 1-800-780-TIPS (8477) or submit a tip online.Staff at WFTX contributed to this report. 1057

Fired FBI Director James Comey said in an interview that aired Tuesday morning that the FBI's credibility is worse now than it was a few years ago but would be even worse had it not been for his actions leading the bureau."It's worse. But again, people can disagree about this. And people I respect will. But my judgment is it would be worse today had we not picked the least bad alternative," Comey said, speaking with NPR's "Morning Edition." "I think the decisions that we had to make and lots of other follow-ons, sure, the Department of Justice's and the FBI's reputation has been hurt," he continued. 614

For nearly a decade, 26-year-old entrepreneur Zachariah Reitano had only talked to one person about his erectile dysfunction: his doctor, who also happened to be his father.But over the past seven months, Reitano has told business partners, his girlfriend of four years, investors, and now the world.He's even created a business, called Roman, to help men discretely seek treatment. The startup connects them with doctors online who can diagnose ailments and write prescriptions, and Roman sends medication to their doorsteps. The startup has received .1 million in venture capital. 592

FLORIDA — Kratom is a natural plant native to Southeast Asia that has been used in the region for decades, but it's fairly new to the United States.Some people say it's helped them in reducing pain and has helped addicts recover. But others say it's dangerous and could even be deadly. Experts said it's been linked to deadly overdoses. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) identified 15 deaths connected to Kratom from 2014 to 2016. The FDA records at least 44 Kratom related deaths in the last decade. One of these deaths is 27-year-old Christopher Waldron. His mother, Laura Lamon says he was her only son and the love of her life.  On July 17th, 2017 she got a call from Tampa police. “He [investigator] said your son is deceased. I lost it. I just started yelling and I don't remember much after that,” Lamon said. Lamon thought that he had overdosed on narcotics, but a month later she received an autopsy report that indicated the cause of death was intoxication by Kratom, and strictly Kratom, according to the Hillsborough medical examiner. "I was shocked and then when I got it. I thought, 'What is this?' I had found some things in his room and I saw the packages of what he had taken but I didn't know much about it,” Lamon said. Director of SalusCare Steven Hill says one of the biggest dangers with Kratom is that it’s not regulated or monitored. “You never know exactly what you're getting. Anything could be in the packaging. There could be different levels of the active substance,” Hill said. Lamon believes that if the plant was properly labeled, her son would have survived. “There was no label on it at all. it didn't have a dosage amount, didn't have a warning label, didn't say don't mix it with this or that, if you have this condition, or whatever. a bottle of Tylenol has that on there,” Lamon said. She says that it is so devastating because her son didn’t want to die. She doesn't necessarily want to see Kratom banned, but thinks it should be researched and much more regulated.“It absolutely should be banned, it’s like playing a game of roulette,” Steven Hill, director of SalusCare, said. Adrianna Marrone, manager of Up in Smoke in the Cape says Kratom came to the U.S. recently, and now it’s one of their best sellers. “Just to help with the aches and pains and anxiety and depression,” Marrone said. A former addict, Amanda Raska, says that Kratom helped her overcome drugs. “He told me about Kratom and that day I tried and I never touched another pill, it literally saved my life,” Rasksa said. Raska said she started using Kratom five months ago when a friend who was also an addict told her about it. Before using the plant, she couldn't get out of bed without taking prescription pills. “It was a horrible life, I have 5 kids so i could not even take care of my children,” Raska said. She said that she grew up around addicts and has an addictive personality, but said Kratom isn’t addicting. If she goes without it, there’s no symptoms of withdrawal.Steven Hill says that he saw firsthand how people react to the drug. “It’s happened on our detox where people are coming in and the issue is with Kratom,” Hill said. Hill said the experience of taking Kratom can be described as a quick down feeling followed by hallucinations and visualizations. In 2016, there were less than 100 poison control calls regarding the drug, and by the middle of 2018, the number of calls were approaching 700. “So we're seeing more and more use and we're seeing the health concerns and health issues also go up. ER visits spiked,” Hill said. In August 2016, the DEA announced an intent to ban Kratom, but after strong reaction from the public, it was labeled as pending analysis. “We've seen and heard of people who have very bad reactions. people who have had to be hospitalized,” Hill said.  3982