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Too few new antibiotics are under development to combat the threat of multidrug-resistant infections, according to a new World Health Organization report published Tuesday. Adding to the concern: It is likely that the speed of increasing resistance will outpace the slow drug development process.As of May, a total of 51 antibiotics and 11 biologicals -- medical products often made from natural sources -- are being developed, the new report said."The idea is that biologicals could replace use of antibiotics, which could help in overcoming the resistance problem," Peter Beyer, an author of the report and senior adviser to the WHO's Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products, wrote in an email.Seemingly, this large number of potential new drugs should suffice, yet it is not nearly enough.First, just 33 of the antibiotics in the pipeline target priority pathogens. This year, the WHO published a list of a dozen "priority pathogens": 12 separate families of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health.Among the priority pathogens is a drug-resistant tuberculosis, which kills about 250,000 people around the world each year, and a variety of multidrug resistant strains -- Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae -- which are responsible for infections in hospitals and nursing homes and among patients whose care requires ventilators and catheters.Of the 33 potential medicines for treating priority bug infections, only eight are innovative treatments. The other 25 are simple modifications of existing families of antibiotics. At best, then, the 25 will serve as short-term solutions since it is expected bacteria will quickly adapt to and resist these new (though somewhat familiar) drugs, according to the WHO."It is difficult to speculate why companies develop specific new medicines," Beyer noted. "But in general many new treatments do not necessarily constitute advances over existing treatments."TB infections require a combination of at least three antibiotics, according to the new report, yet only seven of the new TB medicines are even in clinical trials. Soon, there will be a serious lack of treatment options for this infection, the report warns.The same is true for gram-negative pathogens, which can cause severe, often deadly infections typically in hospitals and nursing homes.Gram-negative bacteria have more complex cell walls than gram-positive, explained Beyer. "In a nutshell, it is more complex to develop a novel antibiotic that can penetrate the complex gram-negative cell wall and stay inside the bacterium," he wrote.Finally, the WHO sees too few oral antibiotics being developed. These are necessary "to target the critical priority pathogens (and) be accessible in low- and middle-income countries," Beyer noted.To address the problem of developing new antibiotics, the WHO and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative set up the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership. However, new drugs alone cannot combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance. The WHO is also working to improve infection prevention and control while developing guidance for the responsible use of antibiotics."Always seek medical advice before taking antibiotics and then always follow the advice of the health-care professional," Beyer noted.The new report is a "fantastic (and very useful!) summary" of the antibiotic situation, wrote Bill Hanage, an associate professor of epidemiology at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, in an email. Hanage, who has also published studies of antibiotic resistance, was not involved in the new report.Although the risk of getting a completely resistant infection is low in the United States, about 2 million people each year become infected with "resistant enough" bacteria that are harder to treat, Hanage said. And every year, more than 20,000 people die of these infections."More resistant infections don't just mean you or someone you care about is more likely to die from one, they also mean healthcare will get even more expensive," Hanage said. "Many of the procedures we take for granted in medicine, from cancer treatments to surgeries, depend on our ability to handle infections that happen in the course of treatment."The number of new drugs in development is simply not enough, he said."The great majority will not make it into the hands of doctors or your treatment," Hanage wrote. "As the report states, for drugs to be used in humans they have to pass 3 hurdles, the phase 1, 2 and 3 trials. Drugs entering that pipeline have just a 14% chance of getting all the way through to be used in humans." 4676
TIJUANA, Mexico (KGTv) - A group of about 500 self proclaimed migrants from the caravan demanded more public restrooms and the Benito Juárez Stadium be reopened for them to sleep in Thursday.Before the planned press conference, a Honduran yelled at a French activist, calling him an infiltrator. The man defended himself, saying he was there trying to protect the community.Later during the press conference two men yelled at the group telling them to leave. Later Thursday, a humanitarian offered a warehouse for the migrants to sleep in.This all two days after a different group of 100 migrants demanded entry into the U.S. or ,000 each to return to their home country.Related link : Migrants demand entry or ,000 during march to US Consulate in TijuanaIn the U.S. some American sympathy is drying up after hearing these demands, "what a joke, what gives them the right to blackmail our country, our president, to give them ,000? Are you kidding me? Who does that? Criminals?" Agnes Gibboney walked their path. She was born in Hungary and her family tried twice to escape.The first time, when she was two, she woke up and started crying, causing them to get caught. She said everything was taken from them. Gibboney said the second time they escaped, an aunt drugged her so she would sleep through the escape.They lived in Brazil for more than a decade and came to the U.S. via her father's Green Card. "My heart goes out to them, but this is not how you do it, because if you do have a legitimate refugee issue, you go to the port of entry, you go to the embassy in your state in your country," she said.Her feelings on border security solidified in 2002, when her son was shot and killed by a man she calls a coward, gangster and undocumented. "He was going to shoot my son's friend in the back, because they got into fights and he wanted to get even," she said the bullet was not meant for her son, a father of two.The pain she says, has never gone away, "my world.... my world just collapsed."She believes all immigrants must be vetted to protect our nation. She will be speaking Friday at a press conference held by families that have been traumatized like her, at 11:30 a.m. at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. 2232

Three men have been punished after they allegedly put whole chickens into a thermal feature in Yellowstone National Park.It happened on August 7, 2020.Eric K. Romriell of Idaho was found guilty of violating 36 CFR 7.13(j) Foot travel in thermal area, and 36 CFR 1.5(f) Food in thermal area. He was ordered to pay ,250 in fines and fees, banned from entering Yellowstone National Park for two years, and placed on unsupervised probation for two years.Eric D. Roberts and Dallas C. Roberts of Utah were found guilty of violating 36 CFR 7.13(j) Foot travel in thermal area. Both were ordered to serve two days in jail and pay 0 in fines and fees. They were also banned from entering Yellowstone for two years, and placed on unsupervised probation for two years.The Yellowstone National Park website provides the following information about safety around thermal features:Always walk on boardwalks and designated trails. Keep children close and do not let them run on boardwalks.Do not touch thermal features or runoff.Swimming or soaking in hot springs is prohibited. More than 20 people have died from burns suffered after they entered or fell into Yellowstone’s hot springs.Pets are prohibited in thermal areas.Do not throw objects into hot springs or other hydrothermal features.Toxic gases may accumulate to dangerous levels in some hydrothermal areas. If you begin to feel sick while exploring one of our geyser basins, leave the area immediately. 1462
There are things you do that may take little thought, like text a friend, FaceTime a relative, or order something off Amazon. But, for many senior citizens, these actions are new."Technology is slowly opening up all these doors to different things. To watch YouTube videos, they’ve never seen anything like that," said Connie Nelson, franchise owner of Visiting Angels.Nelson works with the elderly, who need assistance in their homes. She says introducing this generation that’s used to delayed gratification to technology is playing a huge role in helping them get through this pandemic."I think the biggest surprise for them is how instant it is. They’re used to a phone call, somebody has to answer. This is just instant. You text a grandchild and they text you immediately," said Nelson.The technology Nelson’s at-home caregivers are teaching the senior citizens ranges from texting to ordering groceries from Alexa."They’re sitting there all day, waiting. They’re waiting for a phone call or they’re waiting for a visit, and sometimes they don’t come because everybody’s busy. But once you hand technology to them, the response is there," said Nelson.And while most of this education is for entertainment purposes, Nelson says they’re walking patients through telemedicine in hopes they’ll continue using it in the future."I think at first they’re a little standoffish. Like, ‘No, he has to see me, touch me. He has to check my ears.’ And, if they can get past that, they won’t get the physical exam, but you’ll get that face-to-face where you can actually tell him what’s going on. It’s not going to replace all visits, but some it can," said Nelson.Teaching them skills like FaceTime, even using social media like Facebook, is keeping them connected to those who may not be able to visit right now."Once they learn it, it’s so rewarding because they’re staying up to date with what’s going on in their loved ones’ lives," said Nelson.Learning the new tech is helping to cure the loneliness that can come with the COVID-19 pandemic. 2047
There is a conversation happening in the deaf community post-election about how to shorten President-elect Joe Biden’s name to become part of the colloquial American Sign Language, according to reports.A top choice is a hand gesture that has one hand making a “c” shape around an eye. It’s apparently a reference to Biden’s use of aviator sunglasses.However, many have reportedly pushed back on social media, saying the gesture looks like a gang sign, according to the Los Angeles Times.“We BIPOC (Black, Indigenous and people of color) completely disagree with that [sign],” American Sign Language influencer and TikTok user Nakia Smith signed in a video on Monday. "[The sign] feels so unsafe for us.” 711
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