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NEW DELHI, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Doctors in India have claimed to have successfully performed a rare robotic heart surgery on a 23- year-old person at a hospital in the southern Indian city of Chennai, local media reported Saturday.Dr. R. Ravi Kumar, the Director of the Institute of Cardiovascular Disease at the Chettinad Health City, said the robotically assisted procedure involved replacing both the mitral and the aortal valve simultaneously.The surgery carried out on D. Vijayakanth, an auto driver from Vellore, was done by a three armed robot, took four hours and cost 225,000 rupees (4,500 U.S. dollars)."The best part about using a robot in cardiac surgery is that the patient's heart need not be opened and the surgery can be done using a small 4cm incision. This is not possible with normal surgeries without a robot," Dr Ravi Kumar was quoted by local daily The Times of India as saying.Robotic surgery, which is fairly new in the country, can be used for a gamut of medical procedures, said Dr Ravi Kumar."It requires a lot of precision and intense training because though the robotic hands do the surgery, it has to be controlled by a trained surgeon. One of the biggest disadvantages is the lack of sensory perception which is there when the surgeon actually does the surgery himself," he said.
LOS ANGELES, May 1 (Xinhua) -- Middle-aged adults who sleep too less or too much may be more likely to suffer cognitive decline, a new study suggests.According to the study, less than six hours of sleep each night is considered too little and more than eight hours as too much for middle-aged adults.The study, conducted by researchers at University College London Medical School, was published May 1 in the American medical journal Sleep.The researchers conducted the study in two periods -- the 1997- 1999 period and the 2003-2004 period. The participants were asked how many hours they slept on an average week night, and were asked the same question in 2003-2004 after an average 5.4 years of follow-up.The researchers compared those who reported changes in their sleep patterns with people whose sleep duration stayed the same over the course of the study.In the follow-up, each individual was given a battery of standard tests to assess his or her memory, reasoning, vocabulary, global cognitive status and verbal fluency.The study findings show that women who slept seven hours per night had the highest score for every cognitive measure, followed by those who had six hours of sleep. For men, cognitive function was similar for those who reported sleeping six, seven or eight hours.However, less than six hours of sleep -- or more than eight hours -- were associated with lower scores."Sleep provides the body with its daily need for physiological restitution and recovery," explained Jane Ferrie, a senior research fellow in the department of epidemiology and public health at the school. "While seven hours a night appears to be optimal for the majority of human beings, many people can function perfectly well on regular sleep of less or more hours."However, since most research has focused on the effects of sleep deprivation on biological systems, it is not yet fully understood why seven hours is optimal -- or why long sleeping appears to be detrimental, Ferrie said."Chronic short sleep produces hormones and chemicals in the body which increase the risk of developing heart disease and strokes, and other conditions like high blood pressure and cholesterol, diabetes and obesity," she added.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 4 (Xinhua) -- Major trading partners of the United States, including China, did not manipulate their currencies to gain an unfair advantage in international trade in 2010, according to a report released by the U.S Treasury Department on Friday."Based on the resumption of exchange rate flexibility last June and the acceleration of the pace of real bilateral appreciation over the past few months," China's behavior did not qualify under the official definition of manipulation, the Treasury said in its long-delayed semiannual report to the Congress on International Economic and Exchange Rate Policies.With respect to exchange rate policies, ten economies were reviewed in this report, accounting for nearly three-fourths of U. S. trade. Many of the economies have fully flexible exchange rates. A few have more tightly managed exchanges rates, with varying degrees of management."No major trading partners of the United States" met the standards identified by the Congress as currency manipulator, concluded the report.Since the June 19, 2010 announcement by China's central bank of greater exchange rate flexibility, its currency, also known as renminbi (RMB) has appreciated 3.7 percent against the dollar, or about 6 percent annualized. The renminbi has appreciated 26 percent in total against the dollar since 2005.The Treasury said that because inflation in China is significantly higher than it is in the U.S., the RMB has been appreciating more rapidly against the dollar on a real, inflation- adjusted basis, at a rate which if sustained would amount to more than 10 percent per year.The U.S. accuses Beijing of keeping its currency undervalued, flooding the country with cheap exports and costing U.S. jobs. But many economists believe that the appreciation of RMB will help little to the U.S. employment."Treasury today again made the right call on China's currency policy in its latest exchange rate report," John Frisbie, President of the U.S.-China Business Council (USCBC) said in a statement after the U.S. Treasury Department'report."While USCBC believes that China should allow its exchange rate to better reflect market forces, designating China as a ' manipulator' would achieve nothing. USCBC continues to support the Obama administration's approach of combined multilateral and bilateral engagement with China as the most effective way to make progress on the exchange rate issue."
WASHINGTON, March 25 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at the University of Colorado (CU) and the Harvard University have found that people living at higher altitudes have a lower chance of dying from ischemic heart disease and tend to live longer than others, according to a study published this week in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.They spent four years analyzing death certificates from every county in the United States. They examined cause-of-death, socio- economic factors and other issues in their research.They found that of the top 20 counties with the highest life expectancy, eleven for men and five for women were located in Colorado and Utah. And each county was at a mean elevation of 5, 967 feet above sea level. The men lived between 75.8 and 78.2 years, while women ranged from 80.5 to 82.5 years.Compared to those living near sea-level, the men lived 1.2 to 3. 6 years longer and women 0.5 to 2.5 years more."If living in a lower oxygen environment such as in our Colorado mountains helps reduce the risk of dying from heart disease it could help us develop new clinical treatments for those conditions," said Benjamin Honigman, professor of Emergency Medicine at the CU School of Medicine. "Lower oxygen levels turn on certain genes and we think those genes may change the way heart muscles function. They may also produce new blood vessels that create new highways for blood flow into the heart."Another explanation, he said, could be that increased solar radiation at altitude helps the body better synthesize vitamin D which has also been shown to have beneficial effects on the heart and some kinds of cancer.Despite these numbers, the study showed that when socio- economic factors, solar radiation, smoking and pulmonary disease were taken into account, the net effect of altitude on overall life expectancy was negligible.Still, Honigman said, altitude seems to offer protection against heart disease deaths and may also play a role in cancer development.Colorado, the highest state in the nation, is also the leanest state, the fittest state, has the fewest deaths from heart disease and a lower incidence of colon and lung cancer compared to others.
IWATE, Japan, March 14 (Xinhua) -- A 15-strong Chinese international search and rescue team Monday morning set out to join the relief work in Oofunato, Iwate, a city severely damaged by a 9.0-magnitude earthquake Friday.The Chinese international search and rescue team, which arrived in Oofunato at around 10:30 p.m. Sunday night, is the first overseas team to join and help out the relief work in the city.Team leader Yin Guangfui said they have brought along life exploration device and some other equipment to help carrying out the rescue.The team, with good experience in search and rescue, will strive to do the relief work, Yin added.The team members, including rescue and medical personnel, gathered at a primary school in Oofunato on Sunday and set off at 7:30 a.m. to the disaster-hit area together with the Japanese rescue teams after a briefing. The team is expected to be here for seven to 10 days.The catastrophic earthquake hit northeast of Japan on March 11, triggering severe tsunami and causing extensive damage and loss in different areas. According to local media, a total of 985 people have been confirmed dead, 707 others injured and over 1,700 others missing.
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