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SAN FRANCISCO, March 21 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft on Monday sued Barnes & Noble, claiming patent infringement by the largest book retailer in the United States.Microsoft said it filed legal actions on Monday in both the U.S. International Trade Commission and the U.S. District Court of the Western District of Washington against Barnes & Noble, as well as Foxconn and Inventec, two manufacturers of Barnes & Noble's devices.According to Microsoft, the actions focus on the patent infringement by Barnes & Noble's Nook e-reader and tablet, both of which run Google's Android operating system.The patents at issue cover a range of functionality embodied in Android devices that are essential to the user experience, including natural ways of interacting with devices by tabbing through various screens to find the information they need, surfing the Web more quickly and interacting with documents and e-books, Microsoft said in a press release."The Android platform infringes a number of Microsoft's patents, and companies manufacturing and shipping Android devices must respect our intellectual property rights," Horacio Gutierrez, Microsoft's corporate vice president and deputy general counsel, was quoted by the press release as saying.Writing in a separate company blog post, Gutierrez said that the latest actions bring to 25 the total number of Microsoft patents in litigation for infringement by Android smartphones, tablets and other devices.He noted that Microsoft has established a licensing program to address Android's ongoing infringement, and leading Android smartphone manufacturer HTC has taken a license under this program.Amazon.com also signed a patent license with Microsoft last year covering its Kindle e-reader, he added."Unfortunately, after more than a year of discussions, Barnes & Noble, Foxconn and Inventec have so far been unwilling to sign a license, and therefore, we have no other choice but to bring legal action to defend our innovations," Gutierrez said in the blog post.

LOS ANGELES, May 6 (Xinhua) -- Limiting prolonged bottle use in children may be an effective way to help prevent obesity, a new study suggests.For the study, researchers from the Center for Obesity Research and Education at Temple University (CORETU) and the Ohio State University College of Public Health analyzed data from 6,750 children to estimate the association between bottle use at 24 months of age and the risk of obesity at 5.5 years of age, according to the Science Daily on Friday.Of the children studied, 22 percent were prolonged bottle users, meaning that at two years of age they used a bottle as their primary drink container and/or were put to bed with a calorie- containing bottle.The findings showed that nearly 23 percent of the prolonged bottle users were obese by the time they were 5.5 years old."Children who were still using a bottle at 24 months were approximately 30 percent more likely to be obese at 5.5 years, even after accounting for other factors such as the mother's weight, the child's birth weight, and feeding practices during infancy," said Dr. Robert Whitaker at CORETU, lead author of the study.Drinking from a bottle beyond infancy may contribute to obesity by encouraging the child to consume too many calories, the researchers noted."A 24-month-old girl of average weight and height who is put to bed with an eight-ounce bottle of whole milk would receive approximately 12 percent of her daily caloric needs from that bottle," explained co-author Rachel Gooze.Gooze noted that weaning children from the bottle by the time they are one year of age is unlikely to cause harm and may prevent obesity. The authors suggested that pediatricians and other health professionals work with parents to find acceptable solutions for stopping bottle use at the child's first birthday.The findings adds new evidence to the theory that obesity prevention should begin before children enter school, the researchers said.

SAN FRANCISCO, April 27 (Xinhua) -- Apple Inc. on Wednesday denied the alleged location-tracking practice of its mobile operating system, saying it will release software updates to make iPhone store less location information to quell public concerns over privacy.CLARIFICATION"Apple is not tracking the location of your iPhone. Apple has never done so and has no plans to ever do so," the company said in a statement."Users are confused, partly because the creators of this new technology (including Apple) have not provided enough education about these issues to date."According to the statement, the location data researchers saw on iPhone is a database of Wi-Fi hotspots and cell towers around users' current location that Apple is maintaining to help iPhone rapidly and accurately calculate its location when requested. It noted Apple cannot locate iPhone users based on Wi-Fi hotspot and cell tower data as the information is in an anonymous and encrypted form.Apple admitted that part of the location data (Wi-Fi hotspots and cell towers) is backed up on iTunes, which means it could be possible that people with access to iPhone users'computer may get their location information. It said a software update has been planned to cease the backing-up.It is also planning to provide an update to limit the data storage on iPhone, in response to questions that the device has been storing location data since the release of iOS 4 operating system last June.Apple said it is a bug that iPhone keeps storing location data even if its location services are disabled, noting it will fix this through a software update in the coming weeks.The company also reiterated its focus on personal information security and privacy."Pretty much what I expected at this stage. The response is measured and the update should fix the problem," Alasdair Allan, one of the two British researchers who first announced the discovery of stored location data on iPhone, said on his Twitter account.ALLEGATIONThe statement on Wednesday is Apple's first official response to the location-tracking allegations.Worries on the iPhone tracking issue first surfaced last Wednesday when two British researchers announced at a technology conference in California that iPhone has been collecting users' location information and storing the data since June 21, 2010.Last Friday, The Wall Street Journal reported its security analysts had found that Apple's iPhone and smartphones running Google's Android operating system regularly transmit users' locations back to the two companies respectively, which is part of their race to build databases capable of pinpointing people's locations via smartphones.The newspaper then reported on Sunday that its analysts had also found iPhone is collecting and storing user's location data even when location services are turned off.PRESSUREThe Cupertino, California-based company has been facing mounting pressure from lawmakers, customers as well as media reports following the revelations.The U.S. House Energy and Commerce Committee on Monday sent letters to six developers of mobile device operating systems, including Apple and Google, demanding Apple's explanation on implications of alleged tracking for individual privacy and federal communications policy.Also on Monday, Minnesota Senator Al Franken, chairman of the U. S. Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Privacy, Technology and the Law, announced he had scheduled a mobile privacy hearing on May 10 and asked representatives from Apple and Google to speak at the hearing.Meanwhile, Lisa Madigan, Attorney General of U.S. state of Illinois, on Monday called for a meeting with Apple and Google executives on the location-tracking reports, citing her ongoing effort to protect consumers' personal information online.Last Friday, two iPhone users filed a class action suit against Apple in Tempa, Florida, accusing the company of invasion of privacy and computer fraud and seeking a judge's order to bar the alleged data collection.Last Thursday, U.S. congressman Edward Markey asked Apple CEO Steve Jobs to make a response within 15 business days or no later than May 12, saying "Apple needs to safeguard personal location information of its users to ensure that an iPhone doesn't become an iTrack."On Saturday, Markey called for a congressional investigation into the privacy practices of Apple and Google. In a statement, he made clear that he thinks the data collection is potentially dangerous, saying predators could have hacked into an iPhone or Android phone to find out children's location information.Apple is also reportedly being investigated in South Korea, France, Germany and Italy over the alleged tracking practice.

LOS ANGELES, April 10 (Xinhua) -- Drinking green tea and practicing Taichi may promote bone health of postmenopausal women and reduce the risk of inflammation, a new study suggests.The study, conducted by researchers at the Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, focused on postmenopausal women and investigated the potential for green tea to work synergistically with Taichi in enhancing bone strength of postmenopausal women.Originating as a martial art in China, Taichi is a mind-body exercise that utilizes slow, gentle movements to build strength and flexibility, as well as deep breathing and relaxation, to move qi, or vital energy, throughout the body.The study findings were published Sunday at EurekAlert.org, the website of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).Carried out as a double-blind, placebo-controlled, intervention trial (the "holy grail" of scientific studies), this experiment involved 171 postmenopausal women with the average age of 57 who had weak bones but not full-fledged osteoporosis. Subjects were divided into 4 groups -- placebo: starch pill (placebo) and no Taichi; GTP or green tea polyphenols (500 mg/day) and no Taichi; Placebo plus Taichi (starch pill and practising Taichi three times a week); and GTP plus Taichi.The study lasted for 6 months, during which blood and urine samples were collected and muscle strength assessed.The results show that consumption of GTP (at a level equivalent to about four-six cups of steeped green tea daily) and participation in Taichi independently enhanced markers of bone health by three and six months, respectively. A similar effect was found for muscle strength at the 6-month time point. Participants taking Taichi classes also reported significant beneficial effects in quality of life in terms of improving their emotional and mental health.Perhaps most remarkable, however, was the substantial effect that both GTP and Taichi had on biological markers of oxidative stress. Because oxidative stress is a main precursor to inflammation, this finding suggests that green tea and Taichi may help reduce the underlying etiology of not only osteoporosis, but other inflammatory diseases as well.In the study, the researchers developed an animal model (the ovariectomized, middle-aged female rat), with which they could effectively study the effects of green tea consumption on protection against breakdown of the bone's microarchitecture, according to the AAAS.In humans, this can lead to osteoporosis, a condition common to older women. The researchers say what they have learned from the animal models might also be applicable to postmenopausal women.There is a "favorable effect of modest green tea consumption on bone remodeling in this pre-osteoporotic population," said lead researcher Dr. Chwan-Li (Leslie) Shen, an associate professor at the institute.The researchers plan to soon complete a more long-term study utilizing more technically savvy measures of bone density, according to the AAAS.

BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- China's retailers will offer refund to recent buyers of iPad 1 as price dropped with the debut of iPad 2.Apple released the upgraded version of the tablet on March 3 and announced to lower the price tags of the first generation iPad 1 by up to 27.6 percent. Buyers of iPad 1 within the last two weeks are eligible for a price difference compensation, according to Apple.Chinese customers who bought the product via Apple China online or its chain stores will also be compensated, according to a statement on Apple's website.Chinese electronics retailers such as Suning and Gome responded quickly to the price cut, promising to pay back their customers with a refund.Suning, China's biggest electronics retailer by market value, said iPad 1 buyers who bought the product from Feb 17 to March 2 can get the refund with the receipt starting Saturday.Gome, the second largest electronics retailer in China, also announced to pay back their customers who bought the product from Feb 18 to March 3 from their stores. Customers could apply for the refund with the receipt starting Sunday.