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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As the world waits for a vaccine against the coronavirus, two San Diego biotechs are teaming up to develop a nasal spray using designer antibodies cloned from COVID-19 survivors.About 70 companies worldwide are working on therapies for COVID-19 using cloned antibodies, according to an estimate by the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. A few of these treatments, known officially as monoclonal antibody therapies, have advanced to clinical trials.Most require an injection, but San Diego-based Diomics and its partner Active Motif, based in Carlsbad, are developing a once-a-day spray that could be easily self-administered.Early research suggests the coronavirus primarily enters the body through the nose. The spray, called Dioguard, is designed to coat the lining of the nasal cavity with cloned antibodies that are held in place for 24 hours or more using a proprietary polymer material developed by Diomics.Diomics CEO Anthony Zolezzi said he believes the spray “holds the key to allowing many aspects of life to resume until the day comes when there’s an effective vaccine in widespread use.”Diomics is also developing two tests for COVID-19 antibodies using its polymer beads, including a device that looks like a nicotine patch that is designed to monitor for infections for a week or more.RELATED: How a dot on your forearm could be the future sign of COVID immunityActive Motif is providing the cloned antibodies for the nasal spray. With a lab in Shanghai and other relationships in China, the Carlsbad company was able to clone antibodies from 11 Chinese survivors in February, before the World Health Organization declared a pandemic.When the company started the cloning project, they thought the virus would probably disappear in three to six months, said Active Motif CEO Ted DeFrank. “Then people started realizing, no this is going to be with us for a while.”The plasma from the 11 Chinese patients contained thousands of antibodies, and scientists with Active Motif set about selecting the one that was most effective, dubbed 414-1. The company says it can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 virus particles with 98 percent effectiveness.Monoclonal antibodies have some similarities to convalescent plasma, which is a complex cocktail of antibodies and other immune molecules drawn from the blood of recovered patients. One of the key differences is that cloned antibodies can be mass produced in a lab.Cloned antibodies have been used in treatments for more than 30 years, primarily for cancer. One such treatment famously helped former U.S. President Jimmy Carter beat melanoma.But of the more than 100 monoclonal antibody therapies licensed for use, only seven are for communicable diseases, according to IAVI.Historically, the treatments have been expensive and difficult to produce, but Diomics said it’s targeting a price of about a spray for Dioguard, roughly per bottle.“We do not want to have huge profits from a pandemic, that’s just wrong,” Zolezzi said. “We’re going to price this as effectively as we can for the masses. We want to get this out to the masses.”Animal testing is about to begin and the companies said they hope to progress to human trials soon. Their goal is to release the spray in early 2021, when a vaccine may be on the market but not yet widely available.If the spray works, it could be adapted to other viruses to help fight future pandemics, Zolezzi said."That’s our real goal," Zolezzi said. "That we never get caught flat-footed like this time." 3526

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Coronavirus vaccine trials are underway, but it's unlikely you'll be able to get one before next year.ABC 10News spoke with Dr. Anthony Fauci, the Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, about the next steps in the battle against the Coronavirus.Team 10 investigative reporter Adam Racusin asked Dr. Fauci when a safe and effective vaccine will be available."Well, Adam, we're hoping that's going to be as we get toward the end of this calendar year late fall early winter," he said. "In the United States, two candidates have already started a phase three trial. They started last week on July 27."Fauci said in the next few months, other companies will be getting into a phase three trial."We hope, and I think we can be cautiously optimistic about this, that we will have a safe and effective vaccine by the end of the year, beginning of 2021," he said. "There's never a guarantee Adam, and that's why you do the trials, and the phase three trials are about 30,000 people."Dr. Fauci explained that the government has invested hundreds of millions of dollars - if not billions on vaccine production even before they know if it will work. So, if it is valid, in early 2021, there could be tens of millions of doses ready to go.As for who'd get it first, Fauci said they have committees that advise the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They're also adding an extra layer of individuals from the National Academy of Medicine to complement that decision."The prioritization is usually for those who would benefit the most and need it the most such as health care providers, those who are vulnerable, the elderly, those with underlying conditions including minority individuals who we know disproportionately suffer much more both in infection rate and in serious consequences," Fauci said.But even if the vaccine is approved, the speed at which it'll be done makes some people cautious and even uncomfortable. Others have indicated they are against any vaccine."We're having what's called community engagement and community involvement," Fauci said. "This has been very successful when we had interventions during the earlier years of HIV/AIDS when there was some skepticism in the community about safety and efficacy in drugs. So we're going to get community leaders to help us get out there and be very transparent in outreaching to the various communities, including minority communities, that may have some skepticism to getting vaccinated."The vaccine is months away at a minimum, yet positive cases are still rising in some communities.Dr. Fauci said what's concerning to him is the capability of the virus to be efficient in how it spreads from person to person."We've got to take it seriously," he warned.Team 10 investigator Adam Racusin asked Fauci, while the country is waiting for a vaccine, does he believe school-aged kids should be physically in school.“Well, I think they should be what we call an overriding default position,” Fauci said. “That it is better, and we should try to the best of our ability to get the children back to school because of the deleterious effects to the children when they’re not in school and the ripple effects to parents of having to stop work to take care of them. However, and I underline the ‘however,’ this should not be sacrificing the health, the welfare or the safety of the children as well as the teachers.”He continued, “So we live in a big country, and you’ve got to realize that there are some areas locally where the infection is so low that you can get the kids back to school, no problem. You’ve got to be realizing and flexible that there are some areas of the country where the infection activity is so high that locally the individual people responsible may have to make the decision either to not get the kids back to school or to do it in a way that safeguards the children’s health by hybrid between online and in-person, physical separation, indoor-outdoor, morning afternoon. There are a lot of ways to do that. We have to be flexible. It’s not one size fits all with getting the children back to school.”To learn more about the clinical trials or to volunteer: https://www.coronaviruspreventionnetwork.org/ 4244

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Community leaders are reacting to this week's move by state lawmakers to let voters decide in November whether to reinstate affirmative action.“It’s been a long, hard road and now we can actually see some light at the end of the tunnel,” said San Diego NAACP President Francine Maxwell on Thursday afternoon. It follows Wednesday's news that California lawmakers approved a proposal to repeal the 25-year-old law that bans looking at race, sex, ethnicity, color or national origin in college admissions, contracting and public employment.“The NAACP San Diego branch is elated that it was a 30-10 vote. Two-thirds majority said that things have to change and we're headed to November,” she added.Assemblymember Shirley Weber (D-San Diego) authored the bill and asked for support on ACA 5, which lets voters decide whether to reinstate affirmative action by repealing Prop 209.“The ongoing pandemic as well as recent tragedies of police violence is forcing Californians to acknowledge the deep-seated inequality and far-reaching institutional failures that show that race and gender still matters,” she told her colleagues this week.“African Americans have been at the bottom for over 401 years. Affirmative action was an opportunity so they could open the door to walk into colleges, to [have] the opportunity of economics, to change the narrative of their family,” Maxwell told ABC10 News.Republican Assembly candidate June Cutter from San Diego opposes the return of affirmative action. Thursday, she told ABC10 News, “It is a band-aid put at the end of the problem rather than trying to find a solution to the disparity that I absolutely acknowledge exists and instead of trying to fix it at the starting line we're trying to fix it at the finish line and that's what I have a real problem with.”Cutter said she believes real change needs to happen earlier through the course of opportunities in K -12 education within under-served and under-privileged communities.Assemblymember Weber was unavailable for an interview on Thursday but her office sent ABC10 News the following statement.“The fate of Prop. 209 will now be in the hands of voters on November 3rd. While it was sold as a civil rights law when it passed in 1996, Proposition 209 has cost women- and minority-owned businesses .1 billion each year, perpetuated a wage gap wherein women make 80 cents on every dollar made by men, and allowed discriminatory hiring and contracting practices to continue unhindered. Far from being colorblind, the bill has set up barriers to women and minorities to share in the economic life of California. Proposition 209 has hindered public policy, thwarted opportunity and maintained economic disparity long enough. It’s time to give voters a chance to right this wrong.” 2796

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — At KAABOO Del Mar, the festival's lineup of chefs and artists are just as big as the acts set to the the stages around the fairgrounds.Thursday, organizers announced KAABOO's culinary and artistic lineups coming to Del Mar from Sept. 13 - 15.Celebrity chefs Michael Mina, Antonia Lofaso, and Richard Blais will be joined by award-winning chefs Nyesha J. Arrington, Eduardo Garcia, and San Diego natives Ryan Gilbert and Travis Swikard as KAABOO's featured chefs this year.RELATED: KAABOO Del Mar's 2019 music, comedy lineup announcedGilbert, who serves as the executive chef at San Diego's Lafayette Hotel, Swim Club & Bungalows, also appeared on KAABOO's Palate Main Stage in 2018. Swikard previously worked as executive chef of the famed Boulud Sud restaurant in New York City, before returning to San Diego to head his own restaurant.Hungry festival goers can expected to catch other phenomenal eats around the fairgrounds, such as Napizza, Poseidon Del Mar, Bling Bling Dumpling, The Baked Bear, Nacho Taco, and many others. A variety of gourmet food trucks will also be out for those needing a quick bite to eat. 1148

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) – Connecting children, teens, and families to the power of reading has been the mission of San Diego nonprofit Words Alive for more than two decades.During this pandemic, they haven’t skipped a beat.“The San Diego community is so deeply invested in the importance of literacy and just how critical literacy and education are for the success of our students,” said Rachael Orose, Executive Director for Words Alive.Teaching kids reading and writing skills at a young age is key to that success. Orose said through Words Alive, teachers and volunteers are making sure all students have the opportunity and tools to learn through several different programs, including Read Aloud, Teen Services & Family Literacy.“All of the data tells us if we can make you a reader, your family will be a reader. The students who we serve are often in low-income neighborhoods; they’re wrestling with homelessness, hunger, poverty, violence,” she said.This year alone, Words Alive has received thousand of book donations through community partnerships, most recently on Wednesday.“We picked up just over 1,700 books thanks to a partnership with the San Diego Council on Literacy and Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Those books are zero to 18, they’re headed to the Monarch School in the coming weeks,” she said.“With Words Alive, the books actually belong to the students, they’re able to write in them, they’re able to annotate them” said Jeffra Becknell, who teaches high school history at Monarch School, which serves students K-12 impacted by homelessness. “Having a physical book in their hand is such a wonderful feeling.”Becknell has been participating with Words Alive’s Adolescent Book Group program for ten years. “The Adolescent Book Group has been an amazing experience for my students and me; the volunteers come into the classroom, we read a book together, and then we have a book club discussion about it,” she said.During this pandemic, discussions have moved online, but the mission has remained the same.“We had our Adolescent Book Group online; we had it as a Zoom call. Clearly, it’s really different, but it was the same conversation,” said Becknell.Perhaps most importantly, Orose said Words Alive makes representation a priority.“The content reflects their lived experience, the characters look like the students we serve, the authors have similar experiences,” she said.Words Alive currently has more than 1,000 volunteers but is always looking for more. To find out how you can become involved, click here. 2537