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SAN FRANCISCO, June 22 (Xinhua) -- Apple Inc. has been awarded a long sought-after patent for touch screen functionality on portable devices, a set of exclusive rights expected to play into its current litigation against its counterparts in the mobile device market, U.S. media reported on Wednesday."A computer-implemented method, for use in conjunction with a portable multifunction device with a touch screen display, comprises displaying a portion of page content, including a frame displaying a portion of frame content and also including other content of the page, on the touch screen display," the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office patent abstract reads.Apple filed for the patent in December, 2007.Apple's patent essentially gives it ownership of the capacitive multitouch interface the company pioneered with its iPhone, on- line computer magazine PCMag quoted a source who has been involved in intellectual property litigation on similar matters as saying.The latest patent could produce a new round of lawsuits over the now-ubiquitous multitouch interfaces used in smartphones made by the likes of HTC, Samsung, Motorola, Research in Motion, Nokia, and others that run operating systems similar in nature to Apple's iOS, like Google's Android, said the patent expert.Apple has not immediately responded to request for comment on whether it will use the latest patent against competitors.Apple is currently involved in several patent-related battles with other companies. Nokia sued Apple in October 2009 for allegedly infringing patents the Finnish phone maker owns related to wireless handsets.Apple countersued Nokia in December 2009, accusing Nokia of infringing 13 Apple patents related to the iPhone. Nokia lodged a complaint later with the U.S. International Trade Commission, charging Apple of infringing seven Nokia patents "in virtually all of its mobile phones, portable music players and computers."Last Monday, Nokia said Apple had agreed to pay the Finnish company a license fee to settle all patent litigation between the two. Industry watchers said Nokia is likely to get around 608 million U.S. dollars from Apple.This April, Apple filed a lawsuit against Samsung, alleging that the Korean consumer electronics company has violated Apple's intellectual property in the design of its mobile devices, such as iPhone and iPad.Samsung later sued Apple separately in Asia, Europe and the United States, accusing Apple of infringing Samsung's 10 patents related to mobile phones.

LOS ANGELES, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Mainly due to rampant obesity, Americans' life expectancy is one-and-a-half-year shorter than that of Western Europeans on the average, according to a new study published on Thursday.But 40 years ago, Americans could expect to live slightly longer than Europeans, said the study jointly conducted by researchers from University of Southern California (USC), the Harvard School of Public Health and the RAND Corp., a non-profit think tank.In addition to Western Europeans, Americans also die younger than the residents of most other developed nations, according to the study appearing in the July issue of Social Science & Medicine.The life-expectancy disparity, which begins around the age of 50, stems from higher levels of middle-age obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, said the study.In the first half of the last century, average life expectancy increased by saving more babies, said author Dana Goldman, director of the Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics at the USC."But now it is reduction in mortality among the elderly, rather than the young, that propels increases in life expectancy," he said. "The question is whether 'being American' is an independent mortality risk factor."If 50-year-old U.S. adults could be as healthy as Europeans, it could save Medicare and Medicaid 632 billion dollars by 2050, the study said.Though the transition to better health initially raises expenditures, the researchers estimate that by 2050 healthcare savings from health improvements among the middle age could total more than 1.1 trillion dollars."The international life expectancy gap appears much easier to explain than gaps within countries: there is no American-specific effect on longevity beyond differences in disease at age 50," said Darius Lakdawalla, an associate professor in the USC School of Policy, Planning and Development.

BEIJING, Sept. 6 (Xinhuanet) -- The amount of space junks floating in Earth's orbit has reached a critical level, warned scientists.The future space missions may become too dangerous to fly for a risk of colliding with space junks, said a report released recently by the U.S. National Research Council (NRC).The kinds of space junks range from huge, the report said, there are thousands of discarded satellites and rocket boosters and countless tiny pieces of daily gabages from space missions.The debris are traveling in orbit at 17,500mph, at such a speed even a tiny clash can destroy a spacecraft.The NRC recommended that NASA should launch a plan to clean up the floating debris and called on other major space nations' cooperation."The current space environment is growing increasingly hazardous to spacecraft and astronauts," said Kessler, an ex-NASA researcher, "NASA needs to determine the best path forward for tackling the multifaceted problems caused by meteoroids and orbital debris that put human and robotic space operations at risk."

SYDNEY, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) -- Australian scientists believe " brown fat," a wondrous tissue that burns energy to generate heat, could help people fight obesity, local media reported on Monday.A research team from Sydney's Garvan Institute of Medical Research (GIMR) has worked out how to grow brown fat from stem cells biopsied from adults, raising hopes that one day brown fat could be transplanted in obese people to speed up calories they burn, the Australian Associated Press (AAP) reported.Garvan endocrinologist Paul Lee, who led the research, is optimistic about targeting brown fat as an obesity intervention, commenting "it's a highly metabolically active form of fat, and very exciting that we may be able to stimulate its growth in people."People are born with supplies of brown fat around their neckline to keep them warm as infants, according to scientists at GIMR.Scientists now know that brown fat is present in most, if not all, adults mainly just behind the collarbone.Studies have found that adults with brown fat are slimmer than those without."Although this is early work, it is a proof of concept study showing that the growth of brown fat cells is possible, using precursor cells taken from adult humans, under appropriate stimulation," Lee said."Regardless of whether or not someone has lots of or little brown fat, the precursor cells are universally present. Under the appropriate growth factor and hormonal stimulation, the cells all grow and differentiate into mature brown fat cells."However, Lee warned more work was needed.Lee said even if brown fat was transplanted into obese people or drugs developed to stimulate the growth of brown fat, exercise and a healthy diet would still be crucial to aiding weight loss."So I don't think this is a solution to obesity because there are so many other factors (involved in obesity)," he said."Despite how efficient brown fat is at burning energy, we would only need a few doughnuts to diminish or negate its benefits."Lee said it would be years before tests could be carried out on brown fat transplants.In the meantime, he is expanding his study to test different ways to grow brown fat.His study, to be printed in the October issue of Endocrinology, has been published in the online edition of the journal.

WASHINGTON, June 6 (Xinhua) -- Forests in many regions are becoming larger carbon sinks thanks to higher density, U.S. and European researchers say in a new report.In Europe and North America, increased density significantly raised carbon storage despite little or no expansion of forest area, according to the study, led by Aapo Rautiainen of the University of Helsinki, Finland, and published Monday in the on- line, open-access journal PLoS One.Even in the South American nations studied, more density helped maintain regional carbon levels in the face of deforestation.The researchers analyzed information from 68 nations, which together account for 72 percent of the world's forested land and 68 percent of reported carbon mass. They conclude that managing forests for timber growth and density offers a way to increase stored carbon, even with little or no expansion of forest area."In 2004 emissions and removals of carbon dioxide from land use, land-use change and forestry comprised about one fifth of total emissions. Tempering the fifth by slowing or reversing the loss of carbon in forests would be a worthwhile mitigation. The great role of density means that not only conservation of forest area but also managing denser, healthier forests can mitigate carbon emission," says Rautiainen.

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