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BEIJING, Aug. 3 (Xinhuanet) -- The first man in Britain who received a complete plastic heart is allowed to leave hospital and live a relatively normal life at home.Matthew Green, 40, who was dying from arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, was awaiting a transplant when his condition became so bad that the doctors at Papworth Hospital, the world renowned heart center near Cambridge, decided to give him Britain’s first ever full artificial heart.During a six-hour operation on June 9, 2011, surgeons replaced Mr Green's damaged heart with the device which will serve the role of muscles and ventricles.Unlike previous artificial hearts, they have usually only replaced parts of the organ, the new one is powered by a pump which sits outside the body and can be held in a backpack or shoulder bag.All Mr Green has to do is replace the batteries in the pump every few hours and the heart should last up to three years.Transplant milestones1964 US National Institutes of Health starts artificial heart programme.1966 First transplant of partial mechanical heart, to assist pumping of ventricle.1969 Texas man receives first total artificial heart transplant. After 64 hours on the mechanical device received a donor organ, but died within two days.1982 Artificial heart designed by Utah University doctor Robert Jarvik implanted into man who survived for 112 days.2001 First surgical implant of internally powered artificial heart, which was charged via transduction through skin.
CANBERRA, Sept. 9 (Xinhua) -- Managing other people at work triggers structural changes in the brain, protecting its memory and learning center well into old age, Australia's study revealed on Friday.Australia's University of New South Wales (UNSW) researchers have, for the first time, identified a clear link between managerial experience throughout a person's working life, and the integrity and larger size of an individual's hippocampus (the area of the brain responsible for learning and memory) at the age of 80. "We found a clear relationship between the number of employees a person may have supervised or been responsible for and the size of the hippocampus," Dr Michael Valenzuela, Leader of Regenerative Neuroscience in UNSW's School of Psychiatry, said in a statement released on Friday."This could be linked to the unique mental demands of managing people, which requires continuous problem solving, short term memory and a lot of emotional intelligence, such as the ability to put yourself in another person's shoes. Over time this could translate into the structural brain changes we observed."The findings confirmed that staying mentally active promotes brain health, potentially warding off neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.Using MRI imagery in a cohort of 75-92 year-olds, researchers found larger hippocampal volumes in those with managerial experience compared to those without. The effect was also seen in women who had taken on managerial roles in nursing or teaching, for example.The study was presented at this week's Brain Sciences UNSW symposium Brain Plasticity The Adaptable Brain, held in Australia.

HOHHOT, July 8 (Xinhua) -- The 3rd Happy Grassland Fitness Day will kick off 16 August in Chifeng city, north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.12 cities and leagues in the region will send athletes to compete in 4 sports including Mongolian wrestling, Mongolian archery, table tennis and badminton.The activity was jointly held by the regional sports department and Chifeng sports department.
BEIJING, June 27 (Xinhuanet) -- A "lean gene" that helps people keep slim was found closely related to diabetes and heart disease, according to a study pulished in Nature Genetics journal on Sunday.The scientists from Britain’s Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit conducted the study.After comparing the genetic codes of more than 75,000 people, a gene called IRS1 was spotted as the decisive factor to lower the fat level in human body.But in further study, IRS1 was found putting people to a 20 percent higher risk of developing heart disease and type-2 diabetes.The study warned that people who appear slim and fit might be also at risk.But scientists suggest that the study results did not change the general message for most people."While this study pointed to genes as one factor in determining the risk of developing these conditions, it was important to remember that lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, cutting out smoking and maintaining a healthy weight also play a vital role in reducing the risk," said Ruth Loos, who led the study.
WASHINGTON, June 9 (Xinhua) -- Observations from NASA's Voyager spacecraft suggest the edge of our solar system may not be smooth, but filled with a turbulent sea of magnetic bubbles, the U.S. space agency said Thursday in a statement.While using a new computer model to analyze Voyager data, scientists found the sun's distant magnetic field is made up of bubbles approximately 100 million miles wide. The bubbles are created when magnetic field lines reorganize. The new model suggests the field lines are broken up into self-contained structures disconnected from the solar magnetic field. The findings are described Thursday in the Astrophysical Journal.Like Earth, our sun has a magnetic field with a north pole and a south pole. The field lines are stretched outward by the solar wind or a stream of charged particles emanating from the star that interacts with material expelled from others in our corner of the Milky Way galaxy.The Voyager spacecraft, more than nine billion miles away from Earth, are traveling in a boundary region. In that area, the solar wind and magnetic field are affected by material expelled from other stars in our corner of the Milky Way galaxy."The sun's magnetic field extends all the way to the edge of the solar system," said astronomer Merav Opher of Boston University. "Because the sun spins, its magnetic field becomes twisted and wrinkled, a bit like a ballerina's skirt. Far, far away from the sun, where the Voyagers are, the folds of the skirt bunch up."Understanding the structure of the sun's magnetic field will allow scientists to explain how galactic cosmic rays enter our solar system and help define how the star interacts with the rest of the galaxy.So far, much of the evidence for the existence of the bubbles originates from an instrument aboard the spacecraft that measures energetic particles. Investigators are studying more information and hoping to find signatures of the bubbles in the Voyager magnetic field data."We are still trying to wrap our minds around the implications of the findings," said University of Maryland physicist Jim Drake, one of Opher's colleagues.Launched in 1977, the Voyager twin spacecraft have been on a 33- year journey. They are en route to reach the edge of interstellar space. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory built the spacecraft and continues to operate them.
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