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As questions arise over when a coronavirus vaccine should be granted FDA approval, the leaders of several major pharmaceutical companies announced they have signed a pledge not to rush the development of a vaccine.The companies, AstraZeneca, BioNTech, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson, Merck, Moderna, Novavax, Pfizer and Sanofi, released a joint statement on Tuesday confirming the pledge.The pledge includes the following points:Always make the safety and well-being of vaccinated individuals our top priority.Continue to adhere to high scientific and ethical standards regarding the conduct of clinical trials and the rigor of manufacturing processes.Only submit for approval or emergency use authorization after demonstrating safety and efficacy through a Phase 3 clinical study that is designed and conducted to meet requirements of expert regulatory authorities such as FDA.Work to ensure a sufficient supply and range of vaccine options, including those suitable for global access.There has been pressure on both the FDA and manufactures to develop and approve a vaccine for the coronavirus. There have been more than 190,000 coronavirus-related deaths in the US since March, and the economic impact of the virus has cost millions of jobs.While most developed countries have not had the same public health pain as the US, the economic impact of the virus has been felt worldwide. The International Monetary Fund estimates a nearly 5% loss in global GDP in 2020.In Russia, the country claimed to begin distributing a coronavirus vaccine despite US-based vaccine candidates likely being months away from being able to demonstrate efficacy.The pressure domestically has also ratcheted up as President Donald Trump has suggested a vaccine could be ready by this fall’s presidential election."We're going to have a vaccine very soon... maybe even before a very special date, you know what date I'm talking about,” Trump said on Monday.In late August, the CDC told states to begin to prepare distributing a vaccine by Nov. 1. But Surgeon General Jerome Adams said that just because states will be ready to help distribute a vaccine on Nov. 1 does not mean a vaccine will be ready by then."We've always said that we're hopeful for a vaccine by the end of this year or the beginning of next year,” Adams told Good Morning America."We want to make sure states are available to distribute it," he added.The companies signing on the pledge said that the FDA has strict protocols for vaccine candidates. A typical vaccine trial takes one to three years, but the companies believe only a safe and effective vaccine will be granted approval.“FDA has established clear guidance for the development of COVID-19 vaccines and clear criteria for their potential authorization or approval in the US,” the companies wrote in the pledge. “FDA’s guidance and criteria are based on the scientific and medical principles necessary to clearly demonstrate the safety and efficacy of potential COVID-19 vaccines. More specifically, the agency requires that scientific evidence for regulatory approval must come from large, high quality clinical trials that are randomized and observer-blinded, with an expectation of appropriately designed studies with significant numbers of participants across diverse populations.” 3296

AUSTIN, Texas -- Valarie Allman has been throwing discus for 10 years.“When you throw a discus it takes about two seconds, and it’s a combination of power, of grace, of strength… I like to think of it as a dance still," Allman said.She started sophomore year of high school. But it’s her dance background that she credits for her quick progression in the sport.“I had a weird knack for it," Allman said. "I think all those years of learning choreography and spinning and doing pirouettes weirdly carried over to the discus, and it kind of just seemed like a good fit right from the start.”Multiple days every week, she trains hard in the gym guided by her coach Zebulon Sion.“I’m responsible for every facet of her training," Sion said. "So that includes the strength-training concepts, if we do any type of running, fitness oriented things, plyometrics, and then of course the actual throwing.”Their chemistry is undeniable.At only 25 years old, Allman is considered a pro athlete. Her rigorous training is fueled by her desire to be a part of the next Olympics.“When I graduated college, I think that was the motivation to keep training. I missed the team in 2016 by three feet and it was kind of in that moment that I realized that I really wanted to try again,” Allman said.Consistency, discipline, attention to detail. Allman’s focus didn’t falter until she found out the 2020 Olympics had to be postponed.“It was pretty heartbreaking," Allman said. "I mean, to feel like you’ve put in so much to be prepared for it and to be healthy and to do everything right to feel like you’d have a chance to make the team and then for it to be postponed I think it kind of just made me question everything.”“Her motivation to throw kind of was gone a bit for her for a while," Sion said. "And then we kind of got to a point after a month, month-and-a-half of training going well in terms of lifting and training -- our goal was to get fit, get strong and refine the technical model that she has to get to a point where we could be at our best if that opportunity would come.”That opportunity did come. On August 1st in Rathdrum, Idaho, Allman beat the Women's Discus American Record.“I threw 70 meters and 15 centimeters, and the previous record was 69 meters and 17 centimeters.”The three-foot difference that kept her from qualifying for the Olympics in 2016 is the difference she surpassed to become the first and only American woman to throw past 70 meters.“When you’re throwing that type of distance, three feet is significant. So to break it by almost three feet was huge actually,” Sion said.“When they measured the throw and they read out the numbers and it started with a seven I instantly burst into tears. I was absolutely shocked,” Allman said.Allman says 70 meters is the ultimate barrier. In the past 20 years, only two other women in the world have thrown past 70 meters.“Now looking back it’s wild the think it was just a sliver of a difference of giving up when we were on the brink of something incredible,” Allman said.“We could have called it we could have said 2020 is a bust ya know let’s move on," Sion said. "But the amount of time, energy, effort all the things to put in over five months of uncertainty and then for that to happen – I don’t know if I could be more proud.”The same day of her record-breaking throw was the exact day she would have been competing in Tokyo had the Olympics continued. However, with her dedication to improvement, Sion believes there’s a great future ahead of Allman.“I mean I think the goal is just to throw farther and to keep throwing far more often. I mean it’s pretty simple,” Allman said.Even more simple when you’re having fun. 3692

As the reality of a coronavirus vaccine gets closer, it appears more Americans are willing to get it. A recent survey found nearly 60 percent of respondents said they would get a vaccine for the coronavirus.The poll conducted by Gallup in late October was done before Pfizer and Moderna shared the initial results of their clinical trials showing their separate vaccines were both more than 90 percent effective against the coronavirus.Roughly 58 percent of the nearly 3,000 respondents said “yes”, they would get a vaccine. During the last four months of polling Gallup has done on this question, the lowest “yes” response rate was 50 percent of respondents in mid-September.Since then, the FDA, other health experts and the drug makers themselves have sought to clarify the testing process and offer transparency about the approval process.The latest survey results still mean roughly 42 percent of those asked would not get a coronavirus vaccine.“Four in 10 remain unwilling to get a vaccine, indicating public health officials face an uphill climb in convincing a good share of the public to do so,” the Gallup report stated.A large increase in those who said “yes” in this latest survey came from respondents in the 45-to-64 years old group. In mid-September, there was only 36 percent of this group who would get a vaccine, in October, that number had increased to 49 percent.According to the survey results, it appears those who identify as Democrats remain the most willing to get a vaccine and increased the most in the latest survey, compared with those who identify as Republican remaining below 50 percent “yes” through the entire four months of Gallup’s polling.In the latest survey from late October, 69 percent of Democrats and 49 percent of Republicans would get the vaccine. In September, only 53 percent of Democrats said “yes.”As for reasons people gave for not wanting to take a coronavirus vaccine, Republicans were split among various answers; 26 percent were concerned about a rushed timeline, 20 percent don’t trust vaccines generally, 19 percent want to wait to confirm the vaccine is safe, and 22 percent said there were other reasons.Meanwhile, more than half of the Democrats who would not take a vaccine said it was because of concerns about a rushed timeline and they want to wait to confirm it is safe.Pfizer and Moderna have said tens of millions of doses of their vaccines could be available by the end of the year once they get the “go ahead” from the FDA. 2498

As the NFL continues to operate surrounded by an inferno of coronavirus cases throughout the US, the league told players to wear face coverings when not actively in the game, ESPN reported on Monday.The new requirements go into effect starting with Thursday’s Thanksgiving Day slate of games.According to ESPN’s report, the NFL is requiring masks to be worn unless a player has their helmet on and is in and or about to enter the game.The league is also telling coaches that face shields alone are no longer adequate, and face coverings or double-layer gaiters must be worn during games.The NFL is limiting the number of players on the travel roster to 62. The league is reducing the number of members of the media who can cover team practices.The NFL releases weekly figures of COVID-19 cases. The league tested a total of 7,856 tests to players and staff. Last week, there were 17 new COVID-19 cases reported among players, and 35 among coaches and staff. Since training camp in August, 95 players and 175 staffers have tested positive for the virus.To read ESPN’s report on the NFL’s enhanced COVID-19 protocols, click here. 1135

As President Donald Trump’s chances of re-election are sagging on Wednesday, the president declared himself a winner in the presidential election on Wednesday despite projections showing he is trailing Joe Biden in the Electoral College.As of Wednesday evening, Biden holds a 248-214 advantage in the Electoral College. Biden also holds an advantage in Michigan, Arizona, and Nevada. If Biden hangs on and wins those states, he’ll have a projected 270 Electoral College, which is exactly the number needed to win.Twitter has recently updated its policy regarding misinformation involving the election, and as of 2 p.m. ET Thursday, Trump had his Twitter account flagged eight times for misinformation. 709

来源：资阳报