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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Infectious disease experts say it may take months before the first doses of a COVID-19 vaccine reach an important population: kids.Some doctors worry it may already be too late to get a vaccine authorized for younger kids before the start of the next school year because of the time it takes to recruit children and conduct a new round of clinical trials.“Our children under 12 years of age are almost certainly going into next school year without a vaccine option available for them,” said Dr. Evan Anderson, a pediatrician at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and associate professor at Emory University.Dr. Anderson said such a delay could further impact school reopenings and have resulting consequences on children’s mental health, among other concerns. He said the window is rapidly closing to get a vaccine authorized in time for children older than 12 unless more trials begin immediately.In October, Pfizer tested its vaccine candidate for the first time in 100 kids aged 12 to 15. Moderna is expected to begin testing in that age group in January, according to Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. However, neither company has announced plans to begin testing their candidates in children under 12.That’s concerning to the American Academy of Pediatrics, which has been calling on vaccine-makers to include children in clinical trials since September. The AAP argues immunization is critical to stemming the pandemic.“We know that children can be infected with COVID-19 and can transmit it to others. To reduce the spread of this virus and control the pandemic as well as for their own safety, it’s crucial that children be included in the national vaccination program, and that vaccines are made available to children as soon as possible,” said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, chair of the AAP Committee on Infectious Diseases, in another push last month.Although COVID-19 takes a more severe toll on older adults, children make up about 12 percent of the infections in the U.S. and recent studies have shown kids over 10 years old can transmit disease as efficiently as adults, the AAP noted.More than 1.3 million kids had been infected with COVID-19 as of Nov. 26.Experts say it’s important that drug companies test COVID-19 vaccines in children separately from adults.“Kids' immune systems are really different than adults. As any pediatrician will tell you, kids are not just small adults, their immune systems behave really differently,” said Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego.Dr. Ramers said testing is needed to find the right vaccine dose for kids and see if there are any unexpected side effects.But there are challenging logistics in any pediatric trial. Since children’s immune systems change as they grow, vaccine-makers have to separate their trials into several age groups. That means more child volunteers are needed.“I mean it's more challenging, as an investigator myself for research, to enroll a kid into a study because you have to get permission [from parents],” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.Because parents have to sign off, experts say it can take much longer to enroll enough kids for a study.In a statement to ABC 10News, Pfizer said it is “working actively with regulators on a potential pediatric study plan.”“As we do with all vaccines which are initially studied in adult populations, we are following a careful, stepwise approach as we move down to younger age groups,” said Jerica Pitts, Pfizer’s director of global media relations.“Global regulatory agencies require evaluation of the candidate vaccine in pediatric populations. Moving below 12 years of age will require a new study and potentially a modified formulation or dosing schedule,” she added.Could a vaccine become mandatory at schools?Once a vaccine is approved for kids, a lot of parents are wondering if and when it might become mandatory at California schools.The California Department of Public Health told ABC 10News several things would need to be in place before it would consider making a vaccine mandatory at either schools or child care facilities.The vaccine would need to reviewed and approved by the FDA and recommended for use in children by the federal Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The state would also look for a recommendation by the American Academy of Pediatrics, and there would need to be "sufficient vaccine supply to enable access for all children."READ MORE: Will California make the COVID vaccine mandatory at schools? 4602

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In response to a rise in coronavirus cases among San Diego State students, the campus said Wednesday it will move all its classes online for the next month.The school says it has recorded 64 confirmed and probable COVID-19 cases in students since the start of fall classes on Aug. 24, but that doesn't mean there is an outbreak on campus. Many of the cases have come from students living off-campus. The school says 15 cases out of 7,997 on-campus students have been reported since the start of the semester.A little more than 100 students are currently quarantined out of an abundance of caution, said Andrea Dooley, Associate Vice President for Student Affairs.One of the positive cases arrived in San Diego from out of state, according to County Medical Director Dr. Eric McDonald. McDonald said there is one off-campus gathering under investigation as to whether it meets the "outbreak" designation.RELATED: San Diego State fraternities ban social events this fall due to COVID-19In response to the growing number of students testing positive, SDSU moved all classes online for the next four weeks. The campus had been hosting about 200 classes in-person, many of which were lab classes that were determined to only be possible in person.Starting Sept. 3, all athletic events have also been paused for two weeks."We understand there may be some frustration with this decision ... the shift to the virtual space does not impact our students who are living on campus," said Luke Wood, Vice President for Student Affairs and Campus Diversity. "Any students who wish to move out, are permitted to do so."RELATED: SDSU instituting strict policies to avoid COVID-19 outbreakIf any undergraduate students choose to move out and decide to return later, they must quarantine for 14 days. Indoor access to the campus' library will also be restricted, but outdoor seating will remain open.Wood added that the rise in cases among students is expected when people from different backgrounds and locations are coming together."SDSU has been proactively prepared for this, really since, the spring and all through the summer with the onset of the pandemic," Wood said.RELATED: SDSU begins 2020-21 school year with mostly virtual classesWhen the school becomes aware that a student resident has tested positive or is exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms, an Assessment and Response Team is used to isolate the sick student and, if needed, close contacts are notified.Several campus apartments have been designated for isolating students when needed. For those isolated, a hygiene kit and food and meal delivery are provided by SDSU to those isolated students, Wood says.To address off-campus students testing positive, the school had banned fraternity events and instituted several policies to stop the spread of the coronavirus. Those policies include hiring security to patrol the campus after hours, document violations, and report to staff who handle disciplinary action. Greeters, or wellness ambassadors, are also on campus to remind students of COVID-19 policies.San Diego State began its fall semester last week. 3127

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Kidney dialysis affects thousands of people a day. Proposition 23 attempts to regulate some aspects of treatment. If passed, it would require a physician, nurse practitioner on-site during dialysis treatment.There are several ads on television, urging Californians to vote against the measure.Dialysis has been a part of DeWayne Cox’s life for years. “I was diagnosed 12 years ago with kidney failure and I began dialysis 10 years ago,” he said.Cox said he goes to a dialysis center three days a week. He calls Proposition 23 “unnecessary.”“I am taken care of from the moment I walk in the door to the moment I take my walkout,” Cox said. “It makes me angry that these propositions keep being placed on public voting for people who have no idea what dialysis is.”One No on 23 ad shows a dialysis patient saying “I could die if Prop. 23 passes because if my clinic closes, I don’t know where I’ll go for treatment.”According to the Legislative Analyst’s Office some clinics could close. “Given the higher costs due to the measure, some governing entities, particularly those with fewer clinics, may decide to close some clinics,” the report said.It also said clinics could respond in other ways, like continuing current operations but with lower profits.About 600 licensed clinics in California provide dialysis to roughly 80,000 patients each month, according to the LAO. If passed, the measure would also require the centers to regularly report dialysis-related infection information to the state.The No campaign has major committee funding from DaVita and Fresenius—two of the biggest kidney dialysis companies—as well as U.S. Renal Care.Californians have seen kidney dialysis propositions before. Proposition 8 in 2018 attempted to limit dialysis clinics’ revenues. The measure failed.The Legislative Analyst’s Office said the measure could increase health care costs for state and local governments by the low tens of millions of dollars a year. Under the measure, the LAO said state Medi-Cal costs, and state and local employee and retiree health insurance costs could increase due to governing entities negotiating higher payment rates and patients requiring treatment in more costly settings like hospitals. 2243

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Local research organizations and San Diego County are teaming with the CDC to expand the genome sequencing of COVID-19. That data gives county leaders important information to drive decision-making to help slow and control the spread of the virus.“The virus is constantly evolving and trying to figure out the best way to spread through our population. And is it does that, it changes a little bit,” said Dr. Louise Laurent a professor at UC San Diego, which is part of the team, along with Scripps Research.Laurent says that studying changes in the virus can help identify which cases are connected to each other and which are not. The county can use that information to understand what measures are working, where there are significant outbreaks, and whether new measures are needed to stop those outbreaks.The county’s top epidemiologist, Dr. Eric McDonald, tells ABC 10News that the data shows that through testing and contract tracing, efforts to control outbreaks have generally been effective. “It looks like many of the instances of individuals who are infected don’t result in too many other infections. We don’t have lots of big clusters of the same exact strain,” McDonald said.The data also shows that while the restrictions and actions taken by the county have been effective in controlling outbreaks, COVID-19 continues to spread in San Diego through travel. “What we found is that San Diego has been hit many different times and viruses from other places have come to San Diego,” Laurent said. “We don’t want to be an isolated place. We want to interact, right? We’re just that kind of place. It makes us vibrant. It makes us an interesting place to be. But that also makes us vulnerable.”The research team recently received a .5 million contract from the CDC to expand its work. 1823

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Military families told 10News they are without heating and A/C due to mold in their air ducts.The families live in Tierrasanta and say housing came into their homes mid-October.Nancy Irvin has lived in the same home for six years with her military husband, 2-year-old son and 5-year-old daughter.She said problems with the home started day one, "the upstairs was leaking down from the tub to the garage so all of our stuff that was in boxes was flooding.""It's been sickness after sickness, cold, bronchitis, double ear infections everything," Irvin explained her children have been sick since they moved in and doctors haven't been able to tell them what's wrong."He's been coughing until he throws up at night," Irvin said while holding her crying toddler, Easton. She said even the dog developed a rash. She blames mold in their home.Mid-October Irvin said housing came in, tested for mold, removed her vents an taped over the holes. She said the lack of heating is keeping her children awake at night.She said a cleaning company came in to work on the vents but she wants more, "housing is doing nothing, they're not talking to anyone, they're not giving any information and it's just stressful."Neighbors said they are dealing with the same issues, posting photos of black fluffy mold in the air vents.In September, 10News reported on the Charvat family, who won a -million lawsuit against Lincoln Military Housing, saying mold also made their family sick at their home near the Marine Corps Recruitment Depot.Their lawsuit is in the middle of the appeals process. LMH is working to appeal the amount of damages they will pay the family.LMH responded to 10News with this statement regarding the Tierrasanta neighborhood: 1754