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KUNMING, Dec. 11 (Xinhua) -- By moonlight, Ma Yuanqiong, a grassroots AIDS prevention practitioner, and her colleagues slipped into a large community of migrant workers in the city of Jinghong in southwest Yunnan province.As usual, they were greeted tepidly. A dozen sex workers living in the community came to obtain free condoms and brochures on AIDS prevention and quickly dispersed."We visit these women every week. They are familiar with us, but rarely talk about themselves," said Ma, who is in charge of an AIDS prevention program targeting sex workers in Jinghong. The program was initiated by Fuhua International, a local NGO.Sex workers are highly sensitive and vigilant due to safety concerns, since sexual services are illegal in China, Ma said. They have become harder to find since local police started a persistent crackdown on prostitution two years ago and drove many sex workers underground, she said.INACCESSIBILITY IMPEDES EFFORTSJinghong is located in Xishuangbannan Dai autonomous prefecture. Bordering Laos and Myanmar, it's a famous tourist city where the underground sex industry thrives.The AIDS prevention program, which began in 2006, is aimed at improving sex workers' awareness of the epidemic -- which is primarily sexually transmitted -- and prompting them to change risky behavior.In the beginning, program workers quickly realized they faced a significant challenge. "We were often rejected, or even threatened when trying to get in touch with the sex workers at first," Ma said.But the practitioners persisted, approaching nonjudgmentally and treating them as friends, and eventually their efforts began to pay off.During the past five years, the program has provided free condoms and AIDS consulting services to more than 400 sex workers aged 14 to 58 and from many parts of the country, according to Ma.The program has even helped several sex workers give up the business and pursue legitimate careers.However, the organization currently only keeps in touch with about 100 sex workers and has found it more difficult to reach more.The police crackdown has made the sex workers, especially low-paid street hookers, more mobile and less visible, and Ma pointed out that low-paid sex workers are in greater need for outreach as they are more vulnerable to HIV infection than their their higher-paid counterparts."Low-level sex workers are at a heightened risk, as they and their clients, mainly migrant workers and the elderly, all have insufficient knowledge of the disease," she said.According to statistics provided by the provincial disease control and prevention center (CDC) of Yunnan, about 1.6 percent of sex workers in Yunnan have contracted HIV, while the ratio among the low-level group is 3 percent.By the end of October, Yunnan reported 93,567 HIV carriers and AIDS patients, the most among all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities."We conducted a survey in Jinghong and neighboring Menghai County at the end of 2008 and found that low-level sex workers almost never used condoms then," said Kang Jun, head of the HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment office in Xishuangbanna.The survey also found that the low-level sex workers only charged about 20 yuan (3.2 U.S. dollars) for each service, and every day they received 16 clients on average, according to Kang.Ahead of the police crackdown, Kang and his colleagues had provided HIV testing services for more than 30 low-level sex workers, and the results showed that two of them had been infected by the virus."The testing work was forced to halt as the crackdown began soon and we could hardly find them," Kang said.The good news, he said, was that the local CDC will launch a four-year investigation on sex workers in Xishuangbanna next January as part of a massive state-funded research project.

BEIJING, Oct. 21 (Xinhuanet) -- A team of European researchers announced that they have found vast water vapor out of our solar system, according to a study in the U.S. journal Science Friday.Using Herschel Space Observatory, a European Space Agency satellite, the researchers observed that the vast water vapor enveloped a 175-light-year-away star and its surrounding dusk disk, which will eventually form a planet.The water vapor, which is "enough to fill thousand of Earth ocean", may rain down and seed the future oceans on the young planet, as it did on the Earth 4.5 billion years ago, the researchers suggested."Scientists have long suspected there were these reservoir of cold water hiding in the outer regions of planet disk, ... now the theory gets considerably stronger." said astronomer Michiel Hogerheijde of Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands.The finding not only explained where our Earth's ocean came from, but also indicated that there are likely to be many "ocean worlds" throughout the galaxies, he concluded.

WELLINGTON, Jan. 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese lanterns or life from a distant planet?New Zealand meteorologists said Monday they were opting for the former and other mundane explanations after being inundated with reports of UFOs since the start of the New Year.WeatherWatch.co.nz said it normally received "a handful" of eyewitness reports of meteors and lights in the sky, with about 10 reports on a busy day.However, since Sunday, the reports of "floating orbs" and UFOs had been flooding in from around the world at a rate of about 10 each hour.WeatherWatch.co.nz weather analyst Philip Duncan said the reports ranged from "normal meteor sightings to the strange and unusual.""Many people around the world have been outside celebrating the New Year," said Duncan in a statement."In the U.S., where most of the sightings came from, conditions were fairly mild and dry in many areas - so more people were outside to see things. Finally, it's 2012, the year the world is supposed to end according to the Mayans and it seems many are already worrying."One report from Ireland on the weather information company's website said, "At half ten new years eve as My mother and I were heading out of our house to go to town we both saw a strange orange pulsing light. My first guess was it could be a Chinese lantern but it was moving very fast in a perfect straight line. There was no wing and a lantern would sway a little and go up not straight across. The light then began to slow and slightly fade. After a few seconds it got brighter and sped up again until we lost sight of it behind our house. My mother saw the same thing around ten past twelve later that night in the same general area."The statement quoted other reports, including one from Spain: " My father and I saw them in Spain at 00:45 am, but there were 5 or 6 of them all in a vertical line quite close to the earth.""Susana" wrote from an unknown location, "yesterday around 1230 or 1245 there were some red brownish lights first i saw one of them and kind of got my attention and of the sudden there were a BUNCH of them i couldnt count them but i can say there were around 30 lights UFO'S OR CANDLE LIGHTS who knows all i know i saw those lights and were beautiful. Are we ready for the 2012? are we enough educated not to panic?"The WeatherWatch.co.nz statement branded the reports "2012 hysteria.""WeatherWatch.co.nz believes most people witnessed meteors, or shooting stars, Chinese lanterns (which appear as slow moving orange lights) and other normal aircraft such as helicopters and planes," it said.

NANJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- Chinese stargazers will have their best view of a total lunar eclipse in 10 years on Saturday if weather permits, the Zijinshan Astronomical Observatory under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said Thursday.Wang Sichao, a research fellow with the observatory, said during the total eclipse, the full moon will not completely disappear from the Earth's shadow, but will take on a brilliant bronze color.He said the eclipse will be the best one seen in China since the last one occurred on Jan. 10, 2001."Theoretically, viewers can observe the eclipse from nearly everywhere in the country on Saturday," said the astronomer.He said the eclipse, the second this year, will last for 51 minutes. It will start at 8:45 p.m. and reach its climax at 10:06 p.m.Wang said Chinese viewers will have to wait until Oct. 8, 2014 to see the next total lunar eclipse.

JERUSALEM, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- A recent study carried out by Israeli researchers showed that the experience of motherhood is caused by alterations in the brain functions that help mothers locate and communicate with their offspring, especially if they are in distress.Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem said the results provide insight into how neural changes in response to odors and sounds help maternal behaviors develop in mothers."We know that distinct brain changes are linked with motherhood, " Dr. Adi Mizrahi, who conducted the research, said, "but the impact of these changes on sensory processing and the emergence of maternal behaviors are largely unknown."Mizrahi and his colleagues examined whether the primary auditory cortex -- a region in the brain that is involved in the recognition of sounds -- might serve to process the responses to their offspring's specific smell and voice.The research proved that the olfactory and auditory senses of female mice with their pups were triggered immediately after they gave birth, with especially strong responses to cries of distress."These processes help to explain how changes in the cortex in the brain facilitate efficient detection of pups," Mizrahi said.