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BEIJING, Nov. 22 (Xinhuanet) -- Underweight patients may have more possibilities of mortality within 30 days of general and vascular surgery compared with mildly obese patients, according to a research published online in Archives of Surgery Tuesday.Researchers at the U.S. National Surgical Quality Improvement Program conducted the research for the years 2005 and 2006, and assessed the contribution of BMI (Body Mass Index) to 189,533 postsurgeries morbidity and mortality by obesity classes.They found that compared with the middle BMI quintile group, patients with BMI value below 23.1, had greater chances for death. For the highest BMI quintile group, higher mortality rate was also observed.However, the researchers also found that obesity may as well be associated with increased mortality for some individual types of surgeries."These individual types of procedures include procedures with which the general surgeon should have definite experience: colorectal resection, colostomy formation, cholecystectomy, hernia repair, mastectomy, and wound debridement," said George J. Stukenborg, PhD, of the University of Virginia inCharlottesvilleand his colleagues.Based on a 30 –day morbidity and mortality risk calculation, the sample patients were categorized into BMI quintile ranges. BMI value of less than 23.1 was considered as lowest, values from 26.3 to 29.6 considered as the middle quintile, and above 35.2 considered as the highest.Factors such as lack of enough data on nonfatal complications and hospital resources, or examining mortality over the 30-day baseline, may cause limitations and inaccuracy to the research and more studies on a wider range of patients in terms of BMI are needed to further confirm the current conclusion, researchers said.

BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- China's industrial enterprises saw their profits increase 25.3 percent year-on-year in the first ten months of 2011, slowing down from the year's previously recorded figures, official data showed Sunday.Growth in the January-October period was 1.7 percentage points lower from that of the first three quarters, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said in a statement.It marked a gradual downshift from the 34.3-percent year-on-year growth seen during the January-February period and the 28.7-percent growth seen during the first half of the year.Profits realized in the first ten months amounted to 4.12 trillion yuan (650 billion U.S. dollars), the NBS said.The NBS compiled the figures using data collected from a pool of industrial businesses with at least 20 million yuan in annual sales revenues each.In October alone, industrial profits expanded 12.5 percent year-on-year to 438.3 billion yuan, the NBS said.Among 39 industries surveyed, 36 sectors reported profit growth in the first ten months. The oil refining, coking and nuclear-fuel processing sector saw profit plunge 89.8 percent year-on-year.Private businesses posted the fastest profit growth, with a year-on-year rise of 44.3 percent, followed by collectively owned enterprises of 33 percent, equity-holding companies of 30.3 percent, state-owned enterprises of 16.6 percent and overseas-funded firms of 11.6 percent.China's industrial production growth rate will moderate due to economic turmoil in Europe and the United States and weakening domestic demand brought about by a tightened monetary policy, Huang Libin, an official with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said last week.China saw its economic growth slow to 9.1 percent in the third quarter of this year from 9.5 percent in the second quarter and 9.7 percent in the first quarter.

UNITED NATIONS, Nov. 21 (Xinhua) -- Dramatic progress in science, political leadership, and results indicate that 2011 was a "game changing" year for the international AIDS response, and much progress has been made in 2011 to check AIDS-related deaths since 1997, the peak of the epidemic, a new report released by the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) said on Monday."The Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2011" found that new infections were reduced by 21 percent since 1997, and deaths from AIDS-related illnesses decreased by 21 percent since 2005, according to the report.Furthermore, 47 percent (6.6 million) of the estimated 14.2 million people eligible for antiretroviral therapy treatment in low- and middle-income countries were accessing treatment, in increase of 1.35 million people since 2009.The report also found early signs that HIV treatment is having an impact on reducing the number of new HIV infections. As treatment reduces the viral load of a person living HIV to almost undetectable levels, it also reduces the risk of transmitting the virus to an uninfected partner, according to the report. Studies also show that treatment can be up to 96 percent effective in preventing HIV transmission among couples.Eleven countries, including many Sub-Saharan African countries, reached "close to universal access" for AIDS treatment, which is determined to be 80 percent access, in 2011.Botswana made the most dramatic progress in scaling up access to treatment, the report said. While sexual patterns remained relatively stable in the country since 2000, access to treatment increased from less than 5 percent in 2000 to more than 80 percent in 2011.Despite progress, however, the report does note that 2011 marks an unprecedented high the number of people infected with HIV worldwide.Globally, an estimated 34 million people are currently living with the infection. Approximately 2.7 million got infected with the virus in 2010, and as many as 1.8 million people died of AIDS- related illnesses in 2010.Yet the report also notes estimates that as many as 2.5 million deaths are estimated to have been averted in low- and middle- income countries due to increased access to HIV treatment since 1995."Now is not the time to reduce our efforts despite some good news on reducing new infections. Infections are decreasing, but not rapidly enough," said Kim Nichols, executive director of African Services Committee, on Monday at a press conference."There are fewer AIDS deaths, but with the number of infections increasing, prevention has to be the mainstay of our response," Nichols said.Indeed, the UNAIDS report calls for a new framework for investments which are focused on "high-impact, evidence-based, high-value strategies," according to a press release from the UNAIDS website.The framework, which aims to achieve universal access to treatment and prevention centers by 2015, requires a 22-24 billion US dollar funding increase by 2015.Given the withering state of the global economy -- donor funding for the AIDS response has dropped from 7.6 billion in 2009 to 6.9 billion in 2010 -- raising that kind of money may be a long shot. Regardless, UNAIDS'new investment plan calls for smarter uses of less money.According to the report, the framework will focus on high-risk populations like sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs and prevent infections among children, as well as invest in behavior change programs, condom promotion, and treatment, care and support for people living with HIV."The world faces a clear choice: maintain current efforts and make incremental progress, or invest smartly and achieve rapid success in the AIDS response," says the UNAIDS report.

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- Global tablet shipments reached nearly 27 million units in the fourth quarter of 2011 with Android jumping to a record share of 39 percent, said a new research released on Thursday.According to the research by consulting firm Strategy Analytics, global tablet shipments reached a record high of 26.8 million units in the last quarter of 2011, surging 250 percent from 10.7 million units in the same period a year earlier.Android captured a record 39 percent share of global tablet shipments, rising from 29 percent in the year-ago quarter.Global Android tablet shipments tripled annually to 10.5 million units in the last three months of 2011 and the platform so far is relatively popular with tablet manufacturers, said the research.However, Apple shipped 15.4 million iPads worldwide and maintained its market leadership with 58 percent share during the fourth quarter last year."Apple shrugged off the much-hyped threat from entry-level Android models this quarter," Peter King, director at Strategy Analytics, said in a statement.The research found Microsoft captured a mere 1.5 percent global tablet share in the quarter, noting that "the upcoming release of Windows 8 this year cannot come quickly enough for Microsoft, so its hardware partners can start competing more effectively in the tablet space."In the full year of 2011, global tablet shipments hit 66.9 million units, increasing by 260 percent from 18.6 million units in 2010, according to the research.Consumers are increasingly buying tablets in preference to netbooks and even entry-level notebooks or desktops, said the research.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 21 (Xinhua) -- The launch of the Mars Science Laboratory, which contains the car-sized Curiosity rover, has been delayed by a day to Nov. 26, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced Monday.The delay will "allow time for the team to remove and replace a flight termination system battery," NASA said in a statement.The launch is now scheduled for 10:02 a.m. (1502 GMT) on Saturday from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. The launch window remains open for one hour and 43 minutes.Curiosity is about twice as long and more than five times as heavy as any previous Mars rover. Its 10 science instruments include two for ingesting and analyzing samples of powdered rock delivered by the rover's robotic arm.Scheduled to land on the Mars in August 2012, the one-ton rover will examine Gale Crater during a nearly two-year prime mission. Curiosity will land near the base of a layered mountain three miles (five kilometers) high inside the crater. The rover will investigate whether environmental conditions ever have been favorable for development of microbial life and preserved evidence of those conditions.

来源：资阳报