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BEIJING, Sept. 7 (Xinhuanet) -- China will "vigorously" expand its imports of key products as the nation strives to cut its trade surplus amid growing protectionism against the world's largest exporter, a senior Chinese trade official said on Monday."We will especially encourage imports of products the nation is short of, especially advanced technology and key equipment," said Chong Quan, China's deputy international trade representative.Special attention will be paid to expanding imports from countries that China has a trade surplus with, he said at the China Import Forum organized by the Ministry of Commerce.Due to their domestic economic woes and political pressure, some developed countries, in particular the US, have accused China of piling up trade surpluses through policies such as an undervalued currency. This argument conveniently ignores other factors at play, such as their own export restrictions.Nonetheless, in the first six months of this year, US exports to China increased 35.7 percent year-on-year, 13 percentage points higher than its overall export growth, according to US figures.Despite the surge of its trade surplus in July, which stood at .7 billion, China will see the surplus drop dramatically for the year to about 0 billion, compared to 0 billion in 2009 and 0 billion in 2008, trade officials said. The country even registered a rare trade deficit of .2 billion in March.As a result of the shift in strategy, the ratio of China's current account (mainly trade of goods) balance to its gross domestic product has been dropping continually since 2007, said Zhang Yansheng, director of the Institute of Foreign Trade at the National Development and Reform Commission."China's processing trade (bringing in goods and exporting finished products), which is the bulk of its exports, could plummet in the coming five years," he said.

HANGZHOU, Sept. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's top political advisor, Jia Qinglin, called for more efforts to step up the transformation of the nation's economic growth mode and ecological protection for better development in the next five years.Jia, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, made the remarks during a five-day inspection tour in eastern Zhejiang Province that concluded Tuesday, visiting rural areas, towns, factories and companies.Jia urged in-depth research over new circumstances for an "elaborate planning" for the five years to 2015.Jia Qinglin (2nd R, Front), chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, who is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, inspects development of new and clean energy in a company in Changxing, east China's Zhejiang Province, Sept. 12, 2010. Jia made an inspection tour in Zhejiang Province from Sept. 10 to 14.Jia also inspected progress in energy savings and emission cuts, development of new and clean energy, and ecological protection in Zhejiang, vowing that China would stick to environment-friendly and energy-efficient development and improve ecological protection.Jia also called for more efforts on protection of forests and marine environment, energy conservation and emission reductions, along with development of a sustainable economy.

BEIJING, Oct. 2 (Xinhua) -- The number of passengers traveling on China's railway set a new daily record on Oct.1 driven by holiday makers and improved rail transport capacity, railway authorities said Saturday.Daily railway passenger traffic on Friday hit 8.3 million riders, up 19.8 percent year on year and overtaking the daily record of 7.1 million set on May 1 during the Labor Day holiday, the Ministry of Railways (MOR) said.Friday's figure also outnumbered the previous day by 1.8 million, the MOR said.Over the past four days more than 24 million people in China chose to travel by train, which is 10.3 percent higher than the figure during the same period last year, said the ministry.Thanks to China's increased transport capacity, stemming partially from high-speed railway construction, railway authorities managed to meet the travel demands of holiday makers, which are dominated by travelers and those who were returning home.China's weeklong National Day holiday begins on Friday.China has 7,055 kilometers of high-speed railway in service, which is the world's longest, said He Huawu, chief engineer of the MOR.By 2012, China will have a railway network of 110,000 kilometers, 13,000 kilometers of which will be high-speed rail, according to the MOR.

BEIJING, Sept. 16 (Xinhua) -- After several similar criminal cases led to greatly varying punishments triggering public concerns, Chinese courts are adopting a series of measures to ensure uniform standards for sentencing criminals.On Oct. 1, two documents that instruct judges on uniform procedures for sentence measurements will be put into use in all Chinese courts, which is said to be a "major reform" for the country's legal system regarding criminal prosecution.According to the new procedures, courts should first set up a penalty baseline for a criminal case based upon basic criminal facts. Then additional punishments will be added according to the amount of money involved, the frequency of the defendants' violations, the consequences and other factors. At last, courts will adjust the results considering the case's overall nature and issue a final sentence.The move came after a series of similar drunk driving cases that led to greatly varying punishments.In July 2009, the Intermediate People's Court of Chengdu in southwestern Sichuan Province sentenced a drunk driver named Sun Weiming to death following an auto accident in which he was driving without a license and killed four people. In the second trial, the verdict was changed to life imprisonment.Sun's case was deemed as a crime against public security.However, one month later another drunk driver in central China's Henan Province only received a jail term of six years and six months for killing six and injuring seven people.That case was ruled to be a traffic accident crime."(The reform) is of significant importance for regulating judicial actions, providing uniform standards for law applications, promoting righteous and uncorrupted justice and boosting the authority and credibility of the country's courts," said Wang Shengjun, president of the Supreme People's Court (SPC), at a Thursday meeting."The Criminal Law only lays down a very wide range of sentences for certain types of crimes, and thus it is very difficult for prosecutors to give a specific sentence based on that," said SPC vice president Xiong Xuanguo in an exclusive interview with Xinhua Thursday.Xiong noted that different judges, given their different knowledge, manners and experience, will also have varied views on the same case.According to the documents, another major change is to introduce advice on sentence measurements from procuratorate organs, including the types and scopes of punishments and how to implement them.Also, courts are allowed to organize public prosecutors, parties involved, their defenders and legal representatives to offer their own advice on sentencing measurements.With the introduction of sentencing measurement advice from defenders, legal representatives and other parties involved, the new rules were expected to balance judges' considerable powers of discretion, said Professor Chen Weidong with the Renmin University of China.According to the SPC, since June last year more than 120 pilot Chinese courts have already been following the new procedures when prosecuting 45,000 criminal cases in 15 regular categories, including traffic accidents, robbery, theft, and drugs, among others.The trial practice has seen positive results as sentences among cases of similar natures and those in different regions were not as varied as before.The rate of appeals and change of sentences in second trials also dropped in these courts, according to Xiong.Meanwhile, Xiong sought to assure those concerned that the new rules would not excessively limit judges' powers as "the standards for sentence measurements, themselves, were made based on all prosecutors' discretion." < "If the measurement results are not appropriate, judges will still have the right to make certain adjustments," Xiong said, adding that local courts will also set down detailed sentence measures according to the characteristics of their regions."The reform is an inevitable process for China's criminal prosecution to transform from rough estimation to precise, scientific and canonical," Professor Chen said.

JILIN, Jilin, Nov. 6 (Xinhua) -- A fire that broke out in a northeast China shopping mall lasted 12 hours, leaving at least 19 people dead and 27 injured in the country's worst fire since 2009, government officials said Saturday.The deadly fire sounded an alarm to fire departments throughout the country just four days before national Fire Prevention Day, and has prompted a nationwide campaign to stamp out fire threats during this dry and windy winter season.The mall rescue operation ended at 8:30 a.m. Saturday, nearly 24 hours after the fire broke out at Jilin Commercial Building on Hunchun Road, Jilin City, Jilin Province, Liu Qizhi, a spokesman with the municipal government told reporters. Further, Liu said that 24 of the 27 injured remain hospitalized, but their conditions are stable.On Saturday, officials expressed relief about news that over 80 older women who were trapped in the blaze managed to escape unharmed.Zhang Liying, one of the women, said they were participating in their usual morning dancing group on the mall's fifth floor when the fire broke out."We saw flames and thick black smoke surge from downstairs. We called the firemen, told them where we were, and then climbed out of the window to the balcony, one by one," Zhang said.After being rescued, some of the women tearfully hugged each other following their near-death escape.Businesses started to reopen in the shopping area on Hunchun Road on Saturday night, while insurance company workers and store owners began assessing their losses.Currently, work crews continue combing the ruins of the five-story shopping mall, built in 1987, to determine the cause of the fire. Also, officials report that the complex's general manager has been detained for questioning.An initial investigation points to the fire originating on the mall's first floor, where home appliances and cosmetic products are sold, but soon spread to the fifth floor. Clothes, bed covers, quilts and other highly flammable goods were on display from the second to fourth floors.Following the mall fire, the Ministry of Public Security issued a circular ordering fire departments across the country to learn from the incident, stay on high alert, and review prevention measures to guard against similar incidents.The circular reported that casualties in the Jilin mall fire were the biggest since 2009. Officials said a team of investigators, led by ministry officials, were on their way to Jilin."As the northern region enters winter and temperatures starts to drop in the southern region, fire threats have greatly increased," the circular notes, adding that there has already been a string of fires that caused heavy casualties in October.According to the latest available data, 729 people were killed in more than 89,049 fires that broke out across China in the first eight months of this year.In 2009, at least 945 people were killed in fires across the country , official statistics indicate.