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Rising sea levels and falling river water volumes - as forecast in the latest UN report on climate change - could drastically alter weather patterns and cause huge economic losses in China, a senior meteorological official warned Thursday.Luo Yong, deputy director of the Beijing Climate Center affiliated to the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), said there will be more typhoons, floods and land subsidence as a result of global warming.The report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released in Spain last Saturday said "human activities could lead to abrupt or irreversible climate changes and impacts".It said that even if factories were shut down and cars taken off roads, the average sea level will rise up to 140 cm over the next 1,000 years from the pre-industrial period of around 1850.In the next 100 years, it said, sea levels will rise by 18-51 cm.More frequent and heavy floods require China - which has an 18,000-km coastline on the mainland - "to build coastal facilities of higher standard," Luo told a press conference.As coastal regions are economically developed areas, the loss from typhoons and floods will be magnified, Luo said.He also warned that higher sea levels will lead to further land subsidence, which is already being seen in some coastal areas.Another major threat from global warming is water shortage, Luo said.In the past 50 years, the six major rivers in the country have seen their water volumes reduced sharply, especially those in the north, such as the Yellow and Huaihe rivers. Ground water storage has also dropped markedly, he added.The water shortage will take a toll on the farming sector, hurting grain production; and industrial and domestic consumption will be affected, he said.Luo said that China will possibly see more flooding in the north and drought in the south, the reverse of the current weather pattern.Song Dong, an official from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said next month's international talks on global warming in Bali, Indonesia, are expected to focus on greenhouse gas cuts by rich countries and the transfer of more clean technology to developing nations.

Thirty-five years ago when Henry Kissinger was the US secretary of state, the rationale behind the detente between Beijing and Washington seemed simple: to overcome ideological barriers and parry common threat.The world has undergone a lot of changes since then. The Cold War is now part of history and the leaderships on both sides belong to another generation. But the 85-year-old US diplomatic policy expert believes cooperation between China and the US remains the key to solving many international issues.The two countries should work together on vital issues such as the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, nuclear non-proliferation, climate change and energy, Kissinger told China Daily on Sunday."Progress in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) depends on close cooperation between China and the US because we have learned (it) affects the security and the well-being of our country," Kissinger said.He supports the visit of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra to Pyongyang, which he compares to the Philadelphia Orchestra's tour to China in 1973."I also think we have to continue the Six-Party Talks in order to come up with a solution to the nuclear problem," he said.But will Beijing and Washington keep working together closely, given the uncertainties of the US presidential campaigns? Kissinger shrugs off the worries. "In a political campaign, many things are said but they don't last."We have had seven American presidents since the normalization (of ties between China and the US), and no matter what was said in the campaigns, they all have come back to the theme of the beginning of the relations."Beijing-Washington ties will keep moving forward - not always smoothly but positively - somehow like a long-term stock market curve "but without those big fluctuations", Kissinger said.He is certain that the two sides will keep cooperating on China's core concern, the Taiwan issue, to ensure that there is no showdown in the Taiwan Straits."I think Beijing and Washington will cooperate and really pressure Taipei that if they do not pull back it could look extremely unfavorable," he said. "I believe that we will avoid a crisis in the Taiwan Straits."Kissinger has met with every generation of the leadership since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, and hence is familiar with them. And he believes the present leadership can tackle complicated issues."Each generation has its own characteristics. Deng Xiaoping is an enormous figure for his vision and courage in guiding China on the road to market reforms. But every generation of leaders has made some significant contributions," he said."This generation is educated in universities and has more technical knowledge than the first generation. It has handled very complicated situations with considerable wisdom and skill."Kissinger visited China last week at the invitation of the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs. He has visited the country more than 50 times, and is impressed by the tremendous progress it has made, enabling it to navigate the changes in the world."I see tremendous vitality in the Chinese people and the people I talked with are also ambitious to study and to do something. I identify China with tremendous capacity to grow, and great opportunities with these people."His last visit to China was in a totally different scenario compared to his first few trips when there was no diplomatic or trade link between Beijing and Washington. More than three decades after his ice-breaking visit, Kissinger remains proud of what he did to "open" China."I consider that the single most important thing I did in government and the one that had the best permanent effect."Rice on vital visitUS Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice will arrive in Beijing today amid the heated presidential campaign in her country and some disturbing developments in the Taiwan Straits.Rice has a very busy schedule in Beijing, holding talks with Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi today. She flies to Japan tomorrow morning on the final stop of her Asia tour.This could be Rice's last visit to Beijing, and offers a chance for high-level policymakers on both sides to address issues of mutual concern, ranging from Taiwan to denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and from Kosovo declaring independence to Sudan."The annual National People's Congress session will begin soon, while US politics is getting more and more focused on the presidential election. So this could be an important chance for high-level talks," said Yuan Peng, a senior American studies researcher with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations.Yuan said the Taiwan question is likely to be a key topic during Rice's talks with Chinese leaders because neither side wants to see a conflict across the Straits. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is another issue important to the two sides. 

BEIJING - China is trying to improve the role of the country's more than 2,400 museums to make them more accessible to the public, according to an ongoing national conference attended by directors of provincial cultural relics departments.The museums, which are sponsored by the government, institutions or individuals, hold nearly 10,000 exhibitions on different themes annually. In all, they received about 150 million visitors each year.A big boost, thanks to government efforts, is that more and more Chinese museums have stopped its long-time practice of selling tickets to visitors.Increasingly, critics had complained that the expensive charges collected by educational and cultural institutions had become a big financial burden on Chinese families.To date, more than 1,000 museums and memorial institutions have been officially made educational bases for patriotism and popular science. They received 32 million underage visitors annually.

Four-yuan Scheme What can a part-time Chinese employee of McDonald's afford by his hourly pay? Only two small ice creams, which are valued at four yuan (US50cents). A McDonald's outlet. [File]American fast-food giants McDonald's and Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) are being bombarded for their work contracts which offer their part-time Chinese employees just four yuan per hour, well under the state requirement, state media reported. An employee is entitled to no less than 4.3 yuan per work hour, said a rule released by the Guangzhou city government last November. The hourly pay averages 7.5 yuan in the city. An unnamed source in Guangzhou told the New Express newspaper that the contract violated the legal rights of employees. "Once administrative departments discover acts of violations, officials will order these enterprises to revamp and compensate the employers for their losses," the source told the Guangzhou-based paper. "If the problem is so grave that a punishment will be handed out," the source said without giving details. The source also cast doubts on the probation system implemented by the fast-food giants. "Part-time employees don't need to undergo a one-month probation period." McDonald's and KFC have nearly 3,000 outlets all over China and a work force of nearly 200,000, according to a state media report. Zhu Yongping, a Guangzhou lawyer, has begun to move for the rights of employees. He told the paper that the work contracts have 'seriously violated' the legal rights of employees. A Lin, a McDonald's employee in Guangzhou, regarded McDonald's as a respectable foreign-funded enterprise before starting to work there. But the working experience has changed her mind. "I don't have enough rest. It seems that I was overly exploited." Cui Minghuan, Manager of KFC'S Guangdong market, refuted the claims of rights violations, saying the current rule of the minimum hourly rates of pay for the non-full-time employees implemented in the province is not applicable to the part-time employees working for KFC. "KFC does not breach relevant laws in China." Cui said these part-time employees are neither full-time workers nor non-full-time workers. "Their hourly rates of pay cannot be measured by the rule. An unnamed offical with the Provincial Department of Labor and Social Security said Cui's words are ridiculous. "So what kinds of workers they are on earth? " The official said the rule is applied to these part-time employees. Mcdonald said in a written statement that "it is always committed to relevant laws and regulations in China." Central Government Actions The report came just days after Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao, in his work report to the congress in early March, called for more efforts to implement the minimum hourly wage system in a bid to protect the workers' rights. The minimum wage system aims to protect the rights of Chinese employees. For example, Bejing has set a minimum wage about 550 yuan per month, while the economic hub Shanghai has a minimum wage about 650 yuan. The central government has beefed up efforts to protect the rights of its huge crowd of employees to quell any likelihood of unrest and maintain social stability. China is planning to adopt an unemployment law that aims to build an unemployment benefit system. The draft law is aiming at promoting employment around the country. The law states that the government will implement new policies, such as boosting professional training and increasing financial investment in employment promotion. As discrimination turns rife in China, the draft law contains a clause on anti-discrimination in an effort to provide employment equality in the country. The clause states that discrimination against job seekers with respect to their background, ethnicity, gender, religious beliefs, age, or physical disability, will be prohibited. The government is also taking actions to set up trade unions in foreign-funded enterprises in China. Up to date, about 26 percent of China's 150,000 overseas-funded enterprises have established trade unions, with a total membership of 4.29 million, previous media report said. However, McDonald's and KFC have not set up unions so far.

BEIJING -- China pledged to normalize life and production in snow-hit provinces as early as possible at an executive meeting here on Wednesday to make arrangements on the issue of rebuilding in these areas.Premier Wen Jiabao presided over the executive meeting of the State Council, China's Cabinet.The meeting marks a turning point of China shifting the focus of its efforts from disaster relief to reconstruction of the badly hit areas. The State Council spoke highly of the joint efforts made by civilians, troops and police to fight the snow-caused catastrophes.Currently, transport has returned to normal nationwide and damaged power supply and transmission networks are being repaired. In the affected areas, power supply for residential use has basically been restored, markets are stable and social order has been maintained, according to the meeting.The meeting warned local governments and departments concerned not to relax as in some areas power supply facilities were yet repaired. In addition, the transport of power-use coal was still difficult, large areas of croplands were completely destroyed and life is very hard for local people.The State Council asked local authorities to organize manpower, materials and funds to rebuild damaged infrastructure, restore industrial and agricultural production and normalize people's lives as early as possible while trying hard to minimize losses caused by the catastrophe.According to the meeting, power supply in the affected areas must be completely normalized by the end of March, while transport facilities, telecom networks and radio and TV broadcasting networks must be normalized as quickly as possible.The State Council also made detailed plans for restoring industrial and agricultural production in the affected areas, including the providing of crop seeds and food to affected farmers and in increasing coal, power and oil shipments to affected areas.According to the latest official statistics, snow-caused catastrophes have killed 107 and caused 111.1 billion yuan (US.4 billion) in direct financial loss.Altogether, 21 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have been affected. About 1.5 million people have been evacuated, and 1.93 million stranded passengers have been transported out.The extreme weather affected nearly 24.4 million hectares of farmland and 18.6 million hectares of forests.The State Forestry Administration has allocated a total of 34.3 million yuan (US.7 million) for subsidy to the worst-hit six provinces.The forestry administration also made plans to cut back relative taxes to relieve farmers and encourage production after the snow storms.The Ministry of Science and Technology has proposed to provide technology support for the snow stricken areas, to help with restoring industrial and agricultural production.Wan Gang, Minister of Science and Technology, said on a work conference here on Wednesday the ministry would closely monitor secondary disasters that might come along with the snow storm, send technicians to snow-hit areas to facilitate power grid reconstruction and agricultural production.He also said the ministry will strengthen the country's alarm system against natural disasters by granting more funds into research in related areas.The science ministry has already allocated 20 million yuan (US.73 million) to help with disaster relief, and have distributed science brochures compiled by the ministry to snow stricken areas.It also ordered relevant departments to monitor possible secondary disasters coming along with the low temperature, snow and freezing rain.In addition, the ministries of civil affairs and finance have allocated a total of 535 million yuan (US.79 million) in emergency funding to regions affected by the disaster.The two ministries have so far earmarked another 710 million yuan for needy urban and rural residents in seven of the worst-hit provinces and regions as temporary subsidies.