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WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- A recent study found that low vitamin D levels are significantly more prevalent in obese children and are associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. This study was accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.High rates of vitamin D deficiency have been found in obese populations and past studies have linked low vitamin D levels to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. But the mechanisms by which obesity and its comorbidities are related to vitamin D deficiency are not fully known.This new study examined associations between vitamin D levels and dietary habits in obese children, and tested whether there were correlations between vitamin D levels and markers of abnormal glucose metabolism and blood pressure.In this study, researchers measured vitamin D levels, blood sugar levels, serum insulin, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in 411 obese subjects and 87 control non-overweight subjects. Study participants were also asked to provide dietary information including daily intake of soda, juice and milk, average daily fruit and vegetable intake, and whether or not they routinely skipped breakfast. BMI is a measurement of body fat calculated from weight and height."Our study found that obese children with lower vitamin D levels had higher degrees of insulin resistance," said Micah Olson, of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and lead author of the study. "Although our study cannot prove causation, it does suggest that low vitamin D levels may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.""Poor dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and increased soda and juice intake were associated with the lower vitamin D levels seen in obese children," said Olson. "Future studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of lower vitamin D levels in obese children ... and whether treatment with vitamin D can improve primary clinical endpoints such as insulin resistance. "

WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday revoked its approval of Avastin for treating the breast cancer after concluding that the drug has not been shown to be safe and effective for that use.Avastin will still remain on the market as an approved treatment for certain types of colon, lung, kidney and brain cancer."After reviewing the available studies it is clear that women who take Avastin for metastatic breast cancer risk potentially life-threatening side effects without proof that the use of Avastin will provide a benefit, in terms of delay in tumor growth, that would justify those risks," FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in a statement. "Nor is there evidence that use of Avastin will either help them live longer or improve their quality of life. "Avastin's risks include severe high blood pressure; bleeding and hemorrhaging; heart attack or heart failure; and the development of perforations in different parts of the body such as the nose, stomach, and intestines.Avastin was approved for metastatic breast cancer in February 2008 under the FDA's accelerated approval program, which allows a drug to be approved based on data that are not sufficiently complete to permit full approval. After the approval, the drug's sponsor, Genentech, completed two additional clinical trials and submitted the data from those studies to the FDA. These data showed only a small effect on tumor growth without evidence that patients lived any longer or had a better quality of life compared to taking standard chemotherapy alone -- not enough to outweigh the risk of taking the drug.FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, which is responsible for the approval of this drug, ultimately concluded that the results of these additional studies did not justify continued approval and notified Genentech it was proposing to withdraw approval of the indication.Genentech did not agree with the Center's evaluation of the data and, following the procedures set out in FDA regulations, requested a hearing on the Center's withdrawal proposal, with a decision to be made by the Commissioner. That two-day hearing, which took place June 28-29, included recommendations from the FDA 's Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee, voting 6-0 in favor of withdrawing approval of Avastin's breast cancer indication.

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 3 (Xinhua) -- Computer chipmaker Advanced Micro Devices Inc. (AMD) on Thursday said it plans to cut its global workforce by about 10 percent in a move to reduce operational costs.The layoff will occur across all functions globally and is expected to be substantially completed by the end of the first quarter of 2012, the company said.The cuts will amount to about 1,400 jobs, according to estimates by analysts.Combined with implementing efficiencies across the company's operations, AMD expected that the workforce reduction will result in operational savings of more than 200 million U.S. dollars in 2012."Reducing our cost structure and focusing our global workforce on key growth opportunities will strengthen AMD's competitiveness and allow us to aggressively pursue a balanced set of strategic activities designed to accelerate future growth," Rory Read, AMD's chief executive officer, said in a statement.As the world's second largest maker of processors for computers, AMD has been suffering from the slowdown of global PC market and is seen as slow to move into new mobile device market.The operational savings will help accelerate the company's future growth in lower power, emerging markets and in the cloud computing field, AMD said.

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 11 (Xinhua) -- Facebook is close to a settlement with the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) over the charges that the world's largest social network misled users about its use of their personal information, the U.S. media reported Friday.The proposed settlement would require Facebook to get users' consent before making "material retroactive changes" to its privacy policies, said a report from The Wall Street Journal, citing people familiar with the talks.The agreement with the FTC is also expected to ripple much farther in the tech industry as more companies are developing programs to observe people's online behavior and profiting from the personal information, such as the target advertisements.With a current 800-million-user base worldwide, Facebook changed its user policy in late 2009 to disclose more of users' personal information without adequate notice, leading to a federal investigation along with mounting complaints online.On Thursday, two U.S. representatives asked the Palo Alto, California-based company to explain a February patent application, saying that it raises alarm bells about how the company tracks users on other websites.Outside the U.S., Facebook is also drawing criticism on its privacy policies in countries with strict privacy laws, such as Germany. On Thursday, German authorities said they are considering suing Facebook over its use of facial recognition technology.In a PBS interview aired earlier this week, Facebook's founder and chief executive officer Mark Zuckerberg and chief operating officer Sheryl Sandberg said the company is focused on privacy, addressing that it gives users the ability to protect their privacy.Zuckerberg said Facebook users volunteer all of their personal information on the social network, unlike other Internet giants and advertising networks that compile information "behind your back."

HAIFA, Israel, Oct. 5 (Xinhua) -- "It's a big day, a celebration shared by Israel, science and the entire world," Israeli researcher Daniel Shechtman, who won the 2011 Nobel Prize in chemistry, said here at a press conference at the Technion- Israel Institute of Technology.Shechtman, 70, has spent the past five decades at Technion. He is also an associate at the Ames Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy and has lectured at universities abroad."Thousands of scientists are currently researching the subject I developed and I'm sure that all of them view the prize as their accomplishment too," he told Xinhua, adding that, "Science (in general) wouldn't be here and be as prosperous and intricate as it is if not for the work of thousands of others around the world."The Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences on Wednesday announced Shechtman as the winner of this year's Nobel chemistry prize for his cutting-edge research on quasicrystals, a type of atom form that for decades was considered impossible by the global scientific community.The award panel explained that Shechtman's work, launched in early 1980s, has revolutionized the perception of solid matter.His work forced crstyallographers to revamp their basic conception that atoms inside crystals only have repeating and symmetrical patterns.Shechtman is the 10th Israeli scientist to win the Nobel Prize and the fourth to win the prize in chemistry.Ada Yonat, a researcher at the Weizmann Institute near Tel Aviv, received the chemistry prize in 2009.The announcement from Stockholm captured headlines in Israel, drawing praise from the country's leadership, who said Shechtman's achievement is a testament to the Jewish state's stature as a technological powerhouse.Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the winning of the Nobel Prize "expresses our people's intellect.""Every Israeli citizen is happy today and every Jew in the world is proud," a statement issued by Netanyahu's office quoted him as telling the scientist in a telephone call.Israeli President Shimon Peres, who is also a Nobel laureate, later called to congratulate Shechtman."You demonstrate that a thinking person who is hardworking and brave can make groundbreaking scientific discoveries," he said.