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BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year.     Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth.     They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern.     "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission.     It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs.     China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide.     "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented.     "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics.     Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third.     President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge.     "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission.     Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand.     The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent.     Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate.     The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks.     The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent.     Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent.     On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years.     To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed.     China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers.     "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University.     Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market.     How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government.     "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce.     China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises.     "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce.     The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added.     Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.

BEIJING, Jan. 7 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang urged more efficient and transparent use of government funds as the country faces rising fiscal expenditures while tackling the global financial crisis.     China should strengthen management and scrutiny of the fiscal budget and should reduce administrative expenses as the country faces relatively high fiscal pressure, Li said at a national fiscal conference on Tuesday.     The government must "firmly oppose extravagance and waste", he said.     China will have "a difficult fiscal year" in 2009 because of lower tax revenues and surging expenditures, Finance Minister Xie Xuren said on Monday.     China's 2008 fiscal revenue is expected to rise 19 percent to exceed 6 trillion yuan (about 857 billion U.S. dollars), said Xie.     That growth was slower than the 32.4-percent annual gain made in 2007.     The country's fiscal revenue increase started to slow down in the second half of 2008, said Xie. He attributed that change to economic deceleration, corporate profit decline and tax cuts made to boost growth.     China decided to carry out an "active fiscal policy" and "a moderately easy monetary policy" in 2009. It has unveiled a four trillion-yuan fiscal package to stimulate domestic demand.

CAIRO, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said on Thursday that China is willing to further the strategic cooperative ties with Egypt which was established in 1999.     During his meeting with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, Li said the tenth anniversary of the establishment of the ties in next year should be an opportunity to further such a relationship.     "The two sides should take advantage of this opportunity to strengthen the strategic coordination and cooperation and enrich the contents of bilateral relations," he said.     Li suggested the two countries to deepen cooperation in trade, investment, transport, communications, tourism and human resources as well as explore new areas.     Meanwhile, Mubarak expressed beliefs that with the joint efforts of leaders of the two countries, Egypt-China strategic cooperative relations will make new progress.     Li arrived here on Wednesday afternoon for a four-day official visit to Egypt at the invitation of Egyptian Prime Minister Ahmed Nazef.     He told Mubarak that the purpose of his visit is to implement the consensus reached by the two heads of state, deepen the relations with Egyptian and promote relations with Arab and African countries.     He hailed Egypt, which he believes plays an important role in international and regional affairs, as an important cooperative partner of China among developing countries.     "The Chinese side attaches great importance to developing Sino-Egyptian relations," Li noted, adding that the two countries have always respected each other, treated each other frankly and witnessed continuously deepened political trust and rapid development of pragmatic cooperation in various areas.     "The relationship between the two nations has become a model for cooperation among developing countries," he said.     Mubarak asked Li to convey his regards to Chinese President Hu Jintao and other Chinese leaders. He said he has maintained close and friendly relations with several generations of Chinese leaders, and Egypt is pleased to see China's rapid development, and hopes it can be stronger.     He said he has been working to promote the development of bilateral ties, and attaches great importance to developing friendly cooperation in all fields with China.     Li also briefed Mubarak on China's measures in countering the global financial crisis, including adjusting macroeconomic policies in a timely manner, implementing proactive fiscal policy and moderate monetary policy and expanding domestic demand to promote economic growth.     He said China believes that these measures will be conducive to China's economy to maintain steady and rapid development.     After the meeting, Li briefed the Egyptian media on the meeting with the president.     Li also held talks with Egyptian Prime Minister Ahmed Nazef, and the two attended a signing ceremony on cooperative documents in fishery.     Besides meetings with Egyptian leaders, Li will also attend the opening ceremony of a China-Egyptian business forum in the afternoon.     Egypt is the second leg of Li's first overseas trip since he took office as vice premier in March. The trip has brought him to Indonesia and will bring him to Kuwait.     Among his entourages are senior foreign affairs, development, commercial and banking officials.     According to Chinese statistics, trade volume between China and Egypt has reached more than 5.3 billion U.S. dollars as of October this year, a 44-percent increase compared with the same period of last year.     By the end of July, about 570 Chinese companies have invested in the northeastern African country.     In addition, more and more Egyptian students begin to study Chinese language as the bilateral ties ushered into a new phase. Up to now, there are five Egyptian universities that have established Chinese language departments.

BEIJING, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- The latest test found that Chinese baby formula milk and other milk powder products met the new temporary restrictions on melamine, the country's top quality control agency said on Thursday.     It was the 13th test on the industrial chemical following the tainted baby formula scandal that killed at least three infants and sickened more than 50,000 others, according to the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ).     The latest test covered 60 batches of baby formula milk powder from 14 brands in five major cities nationwide, and 68 batches of other milk powder products from 22 brands in 12 cities, the agency said.     At present, 1,336 batches of baby formula from 74 brands and 1,935 batches of other milk powder from 178 brands produced after Sept. 14 were tested and all were in line with the limit, it added.     Melamine, often used in the manufacturing of plastics, was added to sub-standard or diluted milk to make the protein levels appear higher.     China set temporary limits on melamine content in dairy products earlier this month. The limits were a maximum of 1 mg of melamine per kg of infant formula and a maximum 2.5 mg per kg for liquid milk, milk powder and food products containing at least 15 percent milk.

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