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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Independent reviews by the FDA show the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna have similar levels of safety and efficacy, although there are early indications of potential differences.Both vaccines rely on the same basic approach: jumpstarting the immune system with messenger RNA. The FDA confirmed their overall efficacy is essentially identical; 95 percent for Pfizer and 94.1 percent for Moderna.However, signals in the data suggest Moderna’s vaccine may better protect against severe cases of COVID-19, while Pfizer’s vaccine may work better in adults over 65. But experts warned those differences may just be statistical illusions.In Moderna’s study of 30,000 volunteers, 30 people got severe cases of COVID-19. All 30 of those cases were in the placebo group, suggesting the vaccine offers powerful protection against the most serious symptoms.In Pfizer’s trial of 44,000 volunteers, one vaccinated person got a severe case compared to 10 people in the placebo group.“We still need more data,” said Dr. Abisola Olulade of Sharp Rees-Stealy. “It's not a reason to recommend one versus the other.”In adults over 65, the efficacy of Moderna’s vaccine dipped slightly to 86.4 percent. Pfizer’s vaccine was 92.9 percent effective in people aged 65 to 74 and 100 percent effective in individuals 75 and up.“When I think people in the community look at that number, they might say, ‘Oh, that Moderna vaccine probably isn't as good for the older population compared to the Pfizer vaccine.’ But as a clinician looking at numbers, they're both amazing,” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.FDA scientists found both vaccines are safe but short-term side effects are common, especially with Moderna’s drug. Both vaccines are administered in two doses. The table below lists the percentage of vaccinated volunteers who reported a side effect after either dose, although side effects were most common after the second injection.Side effect Moderna PfizerFatigue 68.5% 62.9%Headache 63.0% 55.1%Muscle pain59.6%38.3%Joint pain44.8%23.6%Chills43.4%31.9%Fever14.8%14.2%Typically the symptoms went away in one day.“Just because a vaccine has side effects doesn’t mean it’s not safe,” said Dr. Olulade. “We know that side effects happen actually because your immune system is working and waking up. It's actually a positive thing.”The slight difference in side effects could be because of differences in the way researchers polled volunteers, or it could be something with the architecture of the vaccines, experts said.The companies use different tiny bubbles of fat to enclose the messenger RNA. Moderna’s bubble is a little stronger and more stable so it doesn’t need to be stored at sub-arctic temperatures.“It could be that [Moderna’s] elicits a little more inflammation than the other,” Dr. Chin-Hong said.Having slightly more side effects could be a sign that Moderna’s vaccine prompts a stronger immune response that might lead to longer-lasting immunity, but the durability of either vaccine remains one of the most pressing unanswered questions.The biggest difference may be where the vaccines are deployed. Since Pfizer's vaccine needs to be stored at such cold temperatures, experts said Moderna's vaccine may be prioritized for rural hospitals and community health centers that lack ultra-cold storage units. 3370

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- It has been nearly two years since Denelle Mitchell’s husband took his own life. CAL FIRE Captain Ryan Mitchell died by suicide on November 5, 2017, at the Interstate 8 Pine Valley bridge. Denelle Mitchell did not want to talk about the day it happened, but the emotions she dealt with in the days and months after his death are hard to forget. “One of the first feelings I felt was ashamed or embarrassed at the type of way that he died,” Denelle Mitchell said. “It comes and goes in waves of being mad or sad.”Her husband was dedicated to his job — a job that was his passion.“He loved the acts of fighting fires. He loved the community… the brotherhood and sisterhood that they had,” Denelle said. But there were difficult days. “What comes with that is a lot of hard work, a lot of hours away from your home and your family and your friends.” What wasn’t obvious to many were struggles behind the scenes.RELATED: Veterinarian suicides on the rise: Student loan debt, compassion fatigue among factors in suicide increase“He did talk about his depression quite a bit and I lived it with him. I was there with him when we were going through some really hard times,” Denelle said. “Marriage can be hard, owning a home and renovating a home can be hard, having a kid — that’s a lot of life stresses.”There were also tough times at work. “The fire seasons were getting longer and harder,” she said. “There’s days where as a firefighter wife, they come home and they just are so exhausted — mentally, physically, and emotionally drained." The Firefighter Behavioral Health Alliance recorded 98 firefighter and EMT suicides so far this year. Jeff Dill, the founder of FBHA, said the number this year is on track to be higher than 2018. In 2018, there were 108 suicides. In 2017, the number was 120. A study by the Ruderman Family Foundation said depression among firefighters is nearly double the general population. Firefighters and police are at higher risk for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicide, according to the study.Denelle now focuses on raising their son, Aiden. She encourages loved ones to pay attention to those who may be struggling. “Don’t just let it go by the wayside. Don’t take no for an answer… try to research the signs,”Denelle said.Locally and statewide, action has been taken to ensure resources are available for first responders. Recently, the County Board of Supervisors approved the Captain Ryan J. Mitchell First Responder Behavioral Health Program, which will offer confidential mental and behavior health support by connecting first responders with a clinical professional.The governor also signed several bills that focus on improving protections for the state’s firefighters and first responders when it comes to mental health. AB 1116 (the California Firefighter Peer Support and Crisis Referral Services Act) establishes statewide standards for peer support programs. SB 542 (the Trauma Treatment Act) will provide “first responders with workers’ compensation while they recover from their mental health scars,” according to a news release from the governor’s office. “Bringing awareness to the topic makes it easier to talk about,” Denelle said. She said she is grateful that she did not have to go through this process alone. “I wanted to thank all our friends and family for the support, especially the Cal Fire community, Local 2881, and Chief Patrick Walker,” Denelle told Team 10. She is now raising money for suicide prevention awareness, This Saturday, she will be participating in the Out of the Darkness San Diego Walk, supporting the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention.To donate to her cause, click here.If you or anyone you know needs help, the crisis number is 888-724-7240. 3775

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In response to a rise in coronavirus cases among San Diego State students, the campus said Wednesday it will move all its classes online for the next month.The school says it has recorded 64 confirmed and probable COVID-19 cases in students since the start of fall classes on Aug. 24, but that doesn't mean there is an outbreak on campus. Many of the cases have come from students living off-campus. The school says 15 cases out of 7,997 on-campus students have been reported since the start of the semester.A little more than 100 students are currently quarantined out of an abundance of caution, said Andrea Dooley, Associate Vice President for Student Affairs.One of the positive cases arrived in San Diego from out of state, according to County Medical Director Dr. Eric McDonald. McDonald said there is one off-campus gathering under investigation as to whether it meets the "outbreak" designation.RELATED: San Diego State fraternities ban social events this fall due to COVID-19In response to the growing number of students testing positive, SDSU moved all classes online for the next four weeks. The campus had been hosting about 200 classes in-person, many of which were lab classes that were determined to only be possible in person.Starting Sept. 3, all athletic events have also been paused for two weeks."We understand there may be some frustration with this decision ... the shift to the virtual space does not impact our students who are living on campus," said Luke Wood, Vice President for Student Affairs and Campus Diversity. "Any students who wish to move out, are permitted to do so."RELATED: SDSU instituting strict policies to avoid COVID-19 outbreakIf any undergraduate students choose to move out and decide to return later, they must quarantine for 14 days. Indoor access to the campus' library will also be restricted, but outdoor seating will remain open.Wood added that the rise in cases among students is expected when people from different backgrounds and locations are coming together."SDSU has been proactively prepared for this, really since, the spring and all through the summer with the onset of the pandemic," Wood said.RELATED: SDSU begins 2020-21 school year with mostly virtual classesWhen the school becomes aware that a student resident has tested positive or is exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms, an Assessment and Response Team is used to isolate the sick student and, if needed, close contacts are notified.Several campus apartments have been designated for isolating students when needed. For those isolated, a hygiene kit and food and meal delivery are provided by SDSU to those isolated students, Wood says.To address off-campus students testing positive, the school had banned fraternity events and instituted several policies to stop the spread of the coronavirus. Those policies include hiring security to patrol the campus after hours, document violations, and report to staff who handle disciplinary action. Greeters, or wellness ambassadors, are also on campus to remind students of COVID-19 policies.San Diego State began its fall semester last week. 3127

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - It’s more affordable to rent than buy a home in San Diego, according to a report released Thursday. The 2020 Rental Affordability Report consisting of census data compiled by ATTOM Data Solutions broke down the figures for counties nationwide. Although the price of owning a median-priced three-bedroom home was more affordable than renting in 53 percent of U.S. counties studied, renting was a better financial decision in highly populated suburban or urban areas. RELATED: San Diego expected to be California's hottest housing market in 2020, despite coolingIn counties with a population of more than one million people, including San Diego, renting was a more affordable option 84 percent of the time. Los Angeles County and the counties of Phoenix, Las Vegas, San Francisco, and Seattle were also included in the figure. San Diego made the list of major counties where rents consume the highest percentage of average wages. 1. Santa Cruz County: 82.1 percent2. Marin County: 75.3 percent3. Park County, CO (Denver): 74.3 percent4. Honolulu County, HI: 74.2 percent5. Kauai County, HI: 73.7 percent6. Kings County, NY (Brooklyn): 65.3 percent7. Orange County: 64.7 percent8. San Diego County: 59.6 percent9. Contra Costa County: 58.4 percent10. Queens County, NY: 57.4 percentSan Diego was also one of the counties where home prices rose faster than wages and wage growth outpaced rent growth. RELATED: Making It in San Diego: City may weigh 'vacancy tax' targeting empty homesRegions where buying is the best idea included Miami, Tampa, Detroit, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh. </noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display:none;"> </noscript> “Home ownership is a better deal than renting for the average wage earner in a slim majority of U.S. housing markets. However, there are distinct differences between different places, depending on the size and location from core metro areas,” said Todd Teta, chief product officer with ATTOM Data Solutions. “For sure, either buying or renting is a financial stretch or out of reach for individual wage earners throughout most of the country in the current climate. But with interest rates falling, owning a home can still be the more affordable option, even as prices keep rising.” RELATED: Making it in San Diego: Key saving steps helped renter buy her first homeThe report included 2019 and 2020 data from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and public record sales data from ATTOM Data Solutions. Read the full study here. 2585

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Lupus patients were shocked and scared when they found out they couldn't get a refill of their life-altering prescription, due to COVID-19.Grandmother Michele Fumar said her daughter has had lupus, an autoimmune disease, since she was 11. She's 27 now, married with two young kids.Her daughter got an email from Kaiser Permanente reading in part, "in order to keep an essential supply of hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) for critically ill COVID-19 patients, we have placed a temporary freeze on refills."She was just shocked, we were all shocked," Fumar said about reading that email. "This drug is very important to maintain her health so yes it is just very frustrating."The kind of lupus her daughter has attacks her kidneys. Even while taking her prescription she's had complications. Fumar said her daughter became ill at the mall several years back, suddenly weak with a headache. That trip to the emergency room turned into a week long hospital stay.Fumar said her daughter has been trying to wean off of the medication with no luck thus far. "She only has 16 days left of her prescription." Now they're both scared. Her daughter was told to space out the medication, but they don't know how that will affect her health.Janae Lessnau was just diagnosed with lupus in January. On average it takes six years to get diagnosed with lupus, meeting several criteria from several specialists, the Lupus Foundation says.Lessnau said the drug has already had a huge impact on her life, "it helps with fatigue, it helps with the joint pain. It's not really affecting my kidneys or any vital organs right now but not being on it, it could increase the spread, you know increase the process."Lessnau said she felt lucky to pick up her monthly prescription Tuesday at CVS. She heard at the pharmacy she won't be able to get a refill in the future.In contrast, CVS put out a statement reading in part, "With client consent, CVS Caremark is setting appropriate limits on the quantity of each of these medicines for potential use in treating COVID-19. Members who already take these medicines for approved uses will be able to bypass the new quantity limits.""We all feel bad for the patients who may be suffering from COVID-19 but it's not a proven solution," Fumar said. Lessnau agreed adding, "when did we get to the point where we pick and choose lives?"The Lupus Foundation is contacting politicians in Sacramento for help, hoping to find a solution."Right now, today we can't say yes there is a shortage, I don't believe that's true. But what I am afraid of is it will be very quick, because if people are hoarding the drug it will turn out to be like the toilet paper," Executive Director of the Lupus Foundation Southern California Division Elizabeth Savage said.After reaching out to Kaiser Permanente they said they are re-evaluating their policy. 2874

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