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Diana Farrell is the President and CEO of the JPMorgan Chase Institute, which publishes data analyses and insights that leverage the firm's proprietary transaction data. Previously, Diana was the Deputy Director of the National Economic Council, as well as Global Head of the McKinsey Center for Government and the McKinsey Global Institute. The opinions expressed are her own. The deadline to file your 2017 taxes is just a week away. But if you're one of the millions of Americans — roughly four in ten households — who filed back in February, you probably couldn't wait to get your hands on your expected refund.And there's a good chance you put that refund toward a visit to the doctor.That's according to new research by the JPMorgan Chase Institute, which evaluated when Americans in different income and demographic groups file their taxes.Americans who file their taxes early are more likely to receive a larger tax refund. Early filers were also more likely to spend a larger portion of their refund on health care.Related: How to save money on health care in retirementIn fact, American families increase their health care spending by 60% in the very week they receive a tax refund. And those who received their refunds in February increased their health care spending over the following 76 days by 38%, compared with a 22% increase for those who received refunds in March and an 11% increase in April or May.While some high-deductible health plans encourage early-year spending, JPMorgan found that deductibles aren't the motivating force behind this surge.Instead, among the earliest filers, 64% of their health care spending went to services they had been putting off, including dental visits, hospital visits and in-person doctor appointments.What does this mean? It's increasingly clear that families are treating their tax refunds as a zero-interest savings vehicle, the funds of which they're using for important and sometimes crucial expenses like health care.That's problematic for Americans' financial health, because the IRS does not currently give taxpayers control over the timing of their refund payments, outside of choosing when to file your annual refund between January and Tax Day in April. This means it can be challenging or unrealistic to only schedule payments or purchases around your tax refund every spring.It also poses problems for Americans' physical health, because those who rely on this cash infusion to afford health care are likely to delay care.Related: Americans spend more on health care, but have shorter livesGenerally speaking, young people under the age of 35 and those whose take-home pay is less than ,000 are more likely to be early filers because they have a greater need for this cash infusion.Another reason for filing early could be that low-income families are more likely to receive refundable tax credits, such as the Earned Income Tax Credit, money that is not available except through a tax refund. Across all income and age groups, though, people who are owed a larger refund are more likely to file early.Given the link between tax refunds and health care spending, policymakers and employers should consider making changes that would allow consumers to access funds throughout the year. Policymakers might consider offering periodic tax refund payments -- perhaps quarterly payments so that families wouldn't have to defer care until tax season.Another solution is to make the timing of these payments even more flexible and frequent for those who require urgent health care. This could include an option to apply for emergency funds taken out of your upcoming refund, or an option to file at a different time of year and receive a refund based on year-to-date income.Related: How to file your taxes for the first timeBy fixing one of the largest cash flow events to happen between mid-February and mid-May every year, we're virtually guaranteeing that some Americans will have to defer care.Finally, we should encourage employers to offer alternative savings vehicles, like an employer-based sidecar account. This account would share many of the same features of a tax refund, but give consumers more direct control over when they access funds.These could include built-in commitments and "set-it-and-forget-it" transparency, which would enable consumers the option of a one-time payroll election that recurs with every paycheck, locking them into an annual savings choice similar to other employer-sponsored benefits.By better understanding the connection between health care spending and tax season, we can help more families manage their finances to ensure they're getting health care when they need it, not just when they file to Uncle Sam.The-CNN-Wire 4734

Donald Glover had quite the weekend.The actor, who has been riding high these days with both his series "Atlanta" and his role as young Lando Calrissian in the forthcoming "Solo: A Star Wars Story," both hosted "Saturday Night Live" and was the musical guest as his rap/R&B alter ego, Childish Gambino. 314

Doors bursting open at stores. Crowds spilling into the aisles. Elbows brushing up against others. Products flying off shelves. These are the hallmark images of Black Friday.Well, they were.That was before the COVID-19 pandemic gripped the nation. Now, the future of the biggest shopping discount day of the year is unknown.Yes, it will still happenFor many, shopping on the day after Thanksgiving is a tradition. Historically, it’s also one of the best days of the year to save money on big-ticket items like electronics and appliances.But with social distancing the norm, it’s hard to imagine shoppers camping out on the sidewalk next to one another this year ahead of Nov. 27. It’s even more difficult to picture stores overflowing with excited shoppers.Retail experts believe Black Friday will still happen in 2020, despite the pandemic. But there’s no disputing the fact that it won’t be a traditional experience.“Being there at the crack of dawn, waiting in lines, the hustle and bustle in the store — that’s probably not going to exist,” says Jane Boyd Thomas, a professor of marketing at Winthrop University in South Carolina who has done research about Black Friday.Sales will shift further onlineFor years, Black Friday has shifted to online channels, merging with Cyber Monday into a weekend-long event. The pandemic is set to further cement that transition.After months of shelter-in-place orders, consumers have become more comfortable shopping from home. That will likely lead to an increase in online Black Friday purchases this year, says Dora Bock, associate professor of marketing at the Harbert College of Business at Auburn University in Alabama.But the changes could go a step beyond that. COVID-19 has illuminated failings in the supply chain, and Thomas believes many consumers will opt for contactless curbside pickup options (as opposed to shipping to their home) to guarantee that the items they’re buying online are actually available — and not out of stock.Still, that doesn’t necessarily mean stores will be ghost towns.“They want something normal,” Thomas says of some shoppers. “I do think that will drive people to go in to see the lights, to see the trees — all the stuff that goes with that experience.”Doorbusters could be deepEven though the experience will look different, Black Friday discounts might be particularly relevant this year, especially as millions of Americans have faced unemployment and other financial hardships in 2020.While consumers have largely focused on purchasing essential items during the pandemic, Bock anticipates competitive prices on discretionary products like apparel and jewelry.Consumers might also have an appetite for traditional Black Friday categories, such as computers. Thomas expects these discounts will be appealing, considering how critical laptops have become as Americans work, learn and interact virtually from home.“There’s a large number of consumers that look forward to Black Friday because it provides them a sense of excitement,” Bock says. “People feel good when they get a good deal.”Retailers still have some planning to doThere are a number of unanswered questions about how Black Friday will look. After all, retailers are still figuring out how to market the holiday shopping season.One possibility? Black Friday may become an extended period, rather than a single day of sales, says Michael Brown, a partner in the consumer practice of Kearney, a global strategy and management consultant.“I’m expecting that Black Friday as we have grown to know it cannot exist in a COVID world,” Brown says.“I think we have to really not think about Black Friday and think more about when the launch of the holiday season will begin. I think that has to be pulled up by retailers as early as November 1,” he says.Throughout the holiday season, stores will have to perform a delicate dance. Shopping may become just as much about public health as it is about discounts.Retailers have merchandise to sell, but promoting in-store only specials could be seen as insensitive by shoppers with preexisting medical conditions, Bock points out.“I think it’s really going to be a balancing act for retailers to encourage sales, encourage people to buy, encourage trust and promote spending — but promote it in a way that shows they care for their customers’ well-being,” Bock says.There’s one more wild card, Brown says. What type of Black Friday shopping environment will state and local governments allow? Time will tell.This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by The Associated Press.More From NerdWalletSmart Money Podcast: COVID Impulse Spending, and Building Credit While Paying DebtProbate Workarounds Can Save Your Heirs Time and MoneySmart Money Podcast: Taxes Are Due, and How to Get Started Creating WealthCourtney Jespersen is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: courtney@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @CourtneyNerd. 4926

EDITOR'S NOTE (9/2/2020): THIS STORY HAS BEEN UPDATED WITH A STATEMENT FROM THE LA MESA POLICE DEPARTMENT.SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The parents of a student with Down syndrome said their child was handcuffed and detained by La Mesa police officers after he was able to walk off his elementary school's campus.According to a lawsuit filed Thursday against the City of La Mesa, La Mesa-Spring Valley School District and several people, "Five or more La Mesa Police Department ("LMPD") officers showed up and, without any reasonable basis, handcuffed and subdued Hassan Almahmodi until his parents arrived sometime later."The lawsuit claims Hassan, who was an 11-year-old sixth grader at the time of the incident, should never have been allowed to leave the school building, much less the school grounds and that officers should never have handcuffed and subdued him."I find it very hard to believe that these seven to eight officers, all grown men, all trained with all their equipment, generally believed that Hassan posed a threat to them," said Almahmodi family attorney Brody McBride.The lawsuit says Hassan was terrified and cried out for help."They traumatized this kid," said McBride. "He's got lasting and significant injuries as a result of this."McBride said in August 2019, Hassan was able to leave his class and walk beyond the main gates of Murray Manor Elementary School.According to the lawsuit, school staff stopped Hassan when he reached the public sidewalk, where he sat down on the ground to wait for his parents."They (the school) called the parents and said Hassan had gotten off the school grounds and they needed to come to the school," McBride explained.The lawsuit states, "There was, in short, no reasonable basis to handcuff or physically subdue Hassan. The LMPD officers did so anyway. The LMPD (La Mesa Police Department) officers held Hassan down on the curb, still handcuffed, until his parents arrived. Hassan was terrified, crying for help."McBride said when Hassan's parents arrived at the school, they saw their child sitting on a curb, crying, surrounded by La Mesa police officers.According to the lawsuit, "Ultimately, Hassan's father arrived. He demanded that Hassan be un-handcuffed. The officers did not immediately comply, instead leaving Hassan handcuffed while insisting on talking to his father and only later removing the handcuffs."The lawsuit claims La Mesa police officers unnecessarily and unreasonably handcuffed and subdued Hassan solely because of his disability.McBride said Hassan was born with Down syndrome and is largely non-verbal. He said the incident traumatized Hassan."His behavior and overall demeanor after the incident took a real turn for the worst," McBride said. "For days he would just cry for no reason, he started wetting the bed, and probably the most pronounced was his fear of the police. He's terrified of police now."The La Mesa Police Department and city manager did not respond to 10News’ request for comment on the allegations in the lawsuit.ABC 10News also requested the department's policies and procedures when it comes to handcuffing children and responding to calls with people with disabilities. ABC 10News also asked the city for a list of officers who responded to the incident and any body-worn camera video.McBride said he's asked the La Mesa Police Department for body-worn camera video from the incident but was told all the footage had been deleted except for one clip which he was not provided.In an email to ABC 10News, the La Mesa-Spring Valley School District assistant superintendent for business services wrote, "I can assure you that our teachers and administrators care deeply about our students with special needs. The district's policy is not to comment on issues related to pending litigation."The La Mesa Police Department reached out to ABC 10News after this story published and issued the following the statement:On August 29th, 2019, at approximately 9:14 AM, the La Mesa Police Department received a request for assistance from staff members at Murray Manor Elementary School. The reporting party stated that an 11-year-old student with Down’s Syndrome had removed all of his clothing and was attempting to run away from the campus. The reporting party further related that the student had a history of being aggressive and violent. Staff members were using their bodies to attempt to create a barrier to prevent the student from running farther from campus.When officers arrived approximately 5 minutes after being dispatched, the student was located at the corner of Jackson Drive and El Paso Street, which is a heavily traveled intersection. The student, who was still nude and weighed approximately 230 pounds, was not complying with directions from the officers or school staff. The officers on scene were concerned that the student would endanger himself by running into the street, so he was placed in handcuffs for his own safety and to provide a level of control. The student resisted being placed in handcuffs by flailing his arms, so a total of three officers, one to hold each arm and a third to apply the handcuffs, were required to safely accomplish this task. An item of clothing was immediately used to cover the student while his shorts were located. Officers then assisted school staff in getting his shorts back on.The student’s parents arrived a short time later and he was released to their custody. There were no injuries or criminal charges. The entire call, from dispatch time to disposition, was just under 30 minutes. The student was detained by officers, for his own and others’ safety, for approximately 20 minutes. 5651

EL CAJON, Calif. (KGTV) -- El Cajon city leaders will consider the possibility of a ban on the sale of vaping products at their next meeting in November. Tuesday evening, city council leaders heard from dozens of people for and against the idea; but the issue was not on the agenda.Councilman Gary Kendrick first brought up a city-wide ban in July. Tuesday afternoon, he was joined by school leaders, doctors, health officials, and parents who all believe vaping is an epidemic targeting kids. "These people who are selling vaping devices and vaping liquids to our children are profiting from the suffering of our children," said councilman Kendrick. A member of the Cajon Valley Union School Board said vaping is rampant in children as young as elementary age. "The liquids that are being used our being promoted to our youth , having vaping devices available at a very low cost in our liquor stores or 7/11/'s for approximately a dollar is promoting to our children that they can easily have access to them," said Jill Barto. Joey Johnson works at United Smoke Shop and Vape. He says if it weren't for vaping, he'd still be smoking two packs a day. "It's astonishing how much it’s truly helped me," said Johnson. Johnson believes a ban punishes legitimate businesses and will only create a bigger black market. "Gas stations places like that don’t care, so it’s either that or people on the streets or getting THC cartridges from people on the street who don’t know what they’re doing , they’re adding stuff to it to make it “vapable” or able to smoke and that’s the people that are dying," said Johnson. At least twenty-three people across the country have died from vaping related illnesses. In San Diego County, there have been no deaths, but at least twenty-two people have been sickened. One high school student told the council that vaping is rampant in the school bathrooms."The athletic kids vape, the honors kids vape, the college prep kids vape and their parents vape and at this point, it's sad to say, I think it's become a part of high school culture," said the student. Deborah Kelly told city leaders she was outraged at the failure of government to protect children. "Flavored tobacco products taste like candy, but act as poisons and kids don't smoke marijuana, they vape it," said Kelly. The council decided more research is needed before it takes any action on a possible ban. City leaders did vote to increase suspensions and fines for businesses that sell tobacco products to minors. Under the new rules, fines start at ,500 instead of ,000. If a business has a fourth violation within a five-year period, the retailer is subject to a permanent suspension. 2692

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