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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The National Institutes of Health highlighted research Tuesday out of UC San Diego that could unlock a new way to treat COVID-19.The research reveals new insight into how the coronavirus hijacks cells, and how doctors might be able to set traps or decoys to combat the virus. The findings were published in the journal Cell last month.“It does open up another avenue for a potential treatment,” said UC San Diego distinguished professor Dr. Jeffrey Esko. “It’s not a cure. It would be something that would tamp down infection potentially.”Since January, scientists around the world have understood that SARS-Co-V2, the official name of the new coronavirus, enters cells by latching onto a specific receptor on the cell’s surface, called ACE2.The UCSD team, led by Dr. Esko and visiting scholar Dr. Thomas Clausen, discovered that this entry mechanism is actually a two-step process, and the virus must also attach to a long chain of sugars called heparan sulfate.“We’ve shown this is fundamental to the infectious mechanism, so it needs to be part of every study from now on,” said Clausen.All cells are coated with a complex layer of sugars, or carbohydrates, called glycans. Heparan sulfate is one type of glycan that is known to play a key role in the infection process in several viruses, including herpes and other coronaviruses.It’s a complicated process to picture so the researchers offer an analogy: imagine a bird, soaring over trees, hunting a worm on the forest floor. The bird is the coronavirus and the trees are the thick layer of glycans that coat the surface of the cell.To reach the worm, which in this case is the receptor ACE2, the bird must navigate its way through the trees, specifically through heparan sulfate.The UCSD found that by removing the heparan sulfate trees with an enzyme, they were able to prevent the virus from infecting cells. In laboratory testing, they also found a second technique worked to foil the virus: introducing more trees as bait.The team found that heparin, an FDA-approved drug that is similar in structure to heparan sulfate, successfully acted as decoy. Heparin is a widely used drug designed to treat blood clots. Since blood clots and strokes are common complications with COVID-19, many doctors already administer heparin to patients.The UCSD team demonstrated that the two approaches can block infection in lab-grown cells about 80 to 90 percent of the time.“Certainly in the laboratory you can demonstrate that it works, but to deploy it and use it as a therapeutic has not been demonstrated,” Esko said.The NIH noted that more studies are planned to explore whether heparin, heparan sulfate, or drugs that target heparan sulfate might yield a viable COVID-19 treatment.Dr. Esko said he’s already been in talks with companies that plan to use their study as a rationale for a clinical trial.“It is very humbling when you realize we’re working on a pandemic right now, and maybe what we’ve done can contribute to a treatment for the disease,” he said. 3038

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The Federal Reserve's decision to lower its key interest rate to near zero will help some San Diegans, but frustrate others.The Fed reduced its Federal Funds Rate to near zero for the first time since the Great Recession of 2008. The move, in reponse to the Coronavirus outbreak, will help keep auto loan rates low and mortgage rates near historic lows. It will also, however, lower earnings from interest bearing savings accounts. Greg McBride, chief financial analyst for Bankrate, predicted the economy to go into a recession, but said the low borrowing rates would help jump start spending once activity picks up again. "Coming out of that, one of the things that's going to give the economy a boost to recover from that will be these brutally low interest rates that entice consumers and businesses to resume borrowing and spending," McBride said. "Somebody concerned about losing their job is not going to go to go out and buy a car."Mortgage rates are already extremely low, with the average rate for a 30-year fixed is 3.36 percent. Still, that's above the all-time lows reached earlier this month, when the Federal Reserve made its first emergency cut. Mark Goldman, a loan officer for C2 Financial Corp., said there has been a rush to refinance since that earlier drop — a big reason why rates did not fall deeper."There's so much refinancing business going on right now that lenders can't stand a lot more business, so they price accordingly," Goldman said. Still, those mortgages rates will remain low as San Diego County enters what's typically its peak home buying season. 1613

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The helicopter pilot who died when his aircraft crashed in Central California while fighting a wildfire on Wednesday was a former ABC 10News pilot.Michael John Fournier, 52, of Rancho Cucamonga, died when his Bell UH-1H helicopter crashed during a water-dropping mission about 10 miles south of Coalinga, Calif. Fournier was the only person on board, according to the Fresno County Sheriff’s Office (FSO).Investigators were called out to the scene at about 11 a.m., but were not able to make it to the crash site until about 8 p.m. due to the rugged terrain and intense conditions. Once they reached the site, FSO said crews draped an American flag over Fournier's body and carried his body out of the site."One, he was on the front lines helping in an emergency. Two, we did not know if he was former military or law enforcement. We felt it was just the appropriate thing to do," FSO wrote on Facebook.Fournier leaves behind a wife and two daughters. A GoFundMe has been posted here to assist his family with expenses.Fournier was working with Fillmore-based Guardian Helicopters at the time of the crash, according to the Associated Press. Recently, he had flown as part of repair work for Southern California Edison. In the mid to late 1990s, Fournier was a contracted backup pilot for ABC 10News in San Diego for about two years, said Kyle Anastasio. He’s known Fournier for nearly 28 years. He says Fournier was trying to break into the flying industry when they met.Anastasio was the primary Sky10 pilot and taught Fournier how to fly the news chopper.“He was a good pilot,” Anastasio said. “That’s why it’s so devastating.”Anastasio says Fournier went on to have a great career in flying.“He took this whole flying helicopters thing to the moon with all the companies he went to, flew utility work and medevac. He was very well known in the industry,” Anastasio said.He said Fournier loved two things in life: his family and flying.“Mike was a rock-solid individual, a lot of people are missing him right now,” Anastasio said.Timothy Gaughen, a former ABC 10News photojournalist, said working beside Fournier was one of the high points in his career."Fast, efficient, fun, it was always great. It was always enjoyable," Gaughen said. "There's certain people you remember from your career. I still remember it as if it was yesterday ... Just a pleasant, pleasant personality."Gaughen said when it was time to get in the air, Fournier was an absolute professional."He was just a down to Earth person ... but when it was time to get the shot, boom, we were a two-man team," Gaughen said.San Diego is no stranger to wildfires and Fournier worked his share of capturing images from above while at ABC 10News, Gaughen says. He adds that Fournier was a safety-conscious man who loved what he did. "There's something in helicopter pilots, they live and breathe being in the air. He died doing what he loved. He died flying a helicopter and helping people." 2982

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Swings and slides sit still across San Diego County, with caution tape wrapped around jungle gyms. Signs warning of coronavirus exposure tell hopeful parents and children the playgrounds they love are still closed.And no one seems to know when that will change."Kids do get infected with COVID, just like adults do," says Dr. Mark Sawyer, a Pediatric Infectious Disease Physician at Rady Children's Hospital."This is why we're worried about kids gathering because they potentially could get infected there and bring the infection home to more high-risk individuals who live in their house."Playgrounds have been closed since the start of the pandemic in March.ABC 10News reached out to San Diego County Officials to see if they have any guidelines in place. A spokesperson referred us to the State Reopening Guidelines.In hundreds of pages of reopening guidelines and plans, the word "playground" only comes up a handful of times. One is in the Industry Guidance for Campgrounds, RV Parks, and Outdoor Recreation. It advises campgrounds that "Playgrounds should also remain closed."Another time is in the State's new Blueprint Activity and Business Tiers for reopening. It specifies that Family Entertainment Centers can reopen Indoor Playgrounds at 50% capacity once their county reaches the Yellow or least restrictive tier.Parents and some lawmakers are growing frustrated at the lack of clarity for City and County-owned playgrounds at parks.On Tuesday, a group of two dozen state lawmakers sent a letter to Governor Gavin Newsom asking him to create clear guidelines for reopening. San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer tweeted his support for the letter.Doctors, however, urge caution."Playgrounds are gold mines for transmissions for other diseases," says Dr. Christian Ramers, an Infectious Disease Specialist at Family Health Centers of San Diego."Kids get runny noses. There's a lot of touching there. Kids are touching everything with their hands. So I think there's uncertainty."Still, studies show kids need outdoor physical activity. A recent report from the American Academy of Pediatrics reinforced guidelines that say kids 3-5 years old should get 3 hours of physical activity every day. Kids 6-17 need at least one hour."I really think kids should be able to play," says Dr. Jaime Friedman, a Pediatrician with Children's Primary Care Medical Group. She says small groups should be able to use playgrounds as long as they wipe down equipment and maintain social distancing."But, I think it would be hard to mandate that everybody has to do it in that way or make a schedule of who can be on the playground..."The important thing is that they need to make sure they're washing their hands, not touching their face, and if other kids show up, or other families show up, then you probably want to get out of there," Dr. Friedman says.There's also a mental health aspect to the debate, as studies show outdoor play helps kids avoid anxiety, depression, and negative feelings.Rady Child Psychologist Brent Crandal says it's up to parents to get creative with play and find other outdoor options."We can take advantage of all the spaces near playgrounds that seem to be open to the public," Dr. Crandal says. "There are hiking trails. There are beaches. There are a lot of outdoor areas to take advantage of."Many parents have decided to break the rules and let their kids use playgrounds anyway. Some playgrounds have added padlocks on swingsets and slides to enforce the rules.In the meantime, City and County leaders say they can't do anything until the state releases specific guidelines for playgrounds.Doctors say the best way to get playgrounds open again is to work towards eliminating the virus."The only way to control this is community-wide effort to follow the guidelines which are basically wearing a mask and staying away from other people," says Dr. Sawyer from Rady Children's Hospital. "If we do that, we're going to win this battle." 3984

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The landlord at a Rolando apartment complex filed a police report Thursday, concerned an San Diego Gas and Electric employee going door to door at the building was an impostor. A mother at home with her young children got a notice that her bill was overdue and SDG&E planned to shut off the power if she didn't pay, according to Jon, the complex landlord.Residents believed the man, who was wearing a uniform and driving an SDG&E vehicle, did not actually work for the company.None of the tenants gave the man any money, Jon said.SDG&E has information on its website to help customers identify employees: 643